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As the Anti-Jewish policies escalates in the Nazi-Regime, Many of the Nazi police and soldiers round up the Jews to be either be executed or deported to work in a hard labor within their harsh policies. For example, "After the June 1941 German invasion of the Soviet Union, SS and police units (acting as mobile killing units) began massive killing operations aimed at entire Jewish communities. By autumn 1941, the SS and police introduced mobile gas vans. These paneled trucks had exhaust pipes reconfigured to pump poisonous carbon monoxide gas into sealed spaces, killing those locked within. They were designed to complement ongoing shooting operations.

On July 17, 1941, four weeks after the invasion of the Soviet Union, Hitler tasked SS chief Heinrich Himmler with responsibility for all security matters in the occupied Soviet Union. Hitler gave Himmler broad authority to physically eliminate any perceived threats to permanent German rule. Two weeks later, on July 31, 1941, Nazi leader Hermann Goering authorized SS General Reinhard Heydrich to make preparations for the implementation of a "complete solution of the Jewish question." ("Ushmm.org"). During the time beginning of the War, the SS and other branches of the Nazis are notorious for using the firing squad and gassing the Jews by using the Mobile gas vans that suffocate them with Carbon Monoxide and it was proved to be high resources due to the Gasolines being limited and during the July 31st of 1941, Reinhard Heydrich: known as the Hangman or the Architect of the Holocaust, not only he initiated the Holocaust, he created the Einsatzgruppen, A SS death squads that hunt down resistance and undesirables in his career until his assassination on 1942.

https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/final-solution-overview?series=97

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Many Nazi figures discussed solving the Jewish Question on how they have to get rid of the Jews from German-occupied Europe, it Comprises of 3 plans. Starting with the Madagascar plan, During the war in Europe, the population in the ghetto was getting higher and a temporary holding space: the plan was foiled due to the Blockade and the superior Naval from the British abandoned the plan. "By September 1940, Britain’s remaining naval superiority meant that the Madagascar Plan became regarded as unfeasible and indefinitely postponed. This development meant the ghettos became more permanent features of the Nazi occupation. However, this was not the Nazis’ intention. As the invasion of the Soviet Union brought millions more Jews under Nazi rule, the question of what to do with the Jews segregated in ghettos across Poland became more pressing. The decision was made to start exterminating racially undesirable groups. To coordinate this decision, a conference was called in January 1942. This conference was held in a suburb of Berlin, called Wannsee, and became known as the Wannsee Conference ("The HolocaustExplained").

https://www.theholocaustexplained.org/the-camps/ghettos-an-overview/ghettos/

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A ghetto is a place where groups of people are kept forcibly segregated from others. The Nazis used ghettos to isolate and contain the Jewish population of occupied Europe.

This section explores when the Nazis began using ghettos, the different types of ghettos, how the ghettos were run, and what life was like for those imprisoned in them.

A ghetto is a place where groups of people are kept forcibly segregated from others. The Nazis used ghettos to isolate and contain the Jewish population of occupied Europe.

This section explores when the Nazis began using ghettos, the different types of ghettos, how the ghettos were run, and what life was like for those imprisoned in them.

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The first Jewish settlement to be called a ghetto was established in Venice in 1516. This ghetto was extremely different from the places that we now - following the Holocaust - associate with the word ghetto.

In Venice, Jews from the nearby mainland were granted refuge in Venice after fleeing from a besieging army. Prior to this point, an organised Jewish community had not been permitted to exist in the city. After granting refuge to Jews, the leaders of the city ordered that they must live on a single island, known as the Ghetto Nuovo, or the new ghetto. Whilst very different to the Nazi ghettos, the ghetto in Venice was still extremely cramped and overcrowded, and the residents lacked freedom of movement.

Although this is the first recorded incident of a Jewish settlement being called a ghetto, it was not the first Jewish settlement that was confined to a specific area in a town or city by authorities. Jewish settlements, confined to specific areas, had existed for years prior to this point but had been named differently, such as 'Jewish Quarter'.

Despite this, the word 'ghetto' soon caught on, and new settlements termed 'ghettos' were established in Ragusa in 1546 and Rome in 1555. These ghettos primarily existed to ensure that Jews and other occupants of the city remained segregated . This added to growing antisemitic stereotypes prevalent at the time.

New ghettos continued to be established across Italy until the end of the eighteenth century. By the early nineteenth century, the term ghetto had become common across Western Europe. Ghettos for Jews were established in places like Frankfurt and Prague as well.

Following the Enlightenment, ghettos across Europe were legally abolished as Jews gained equal rights for the first time, including the freedom to live wherever they pleased. However, despite ghettos no longer existing as physical places in pre-war Europe, the idea of them, who they held, and what they represented, remained. As the Polish Journalist Bernard Singer wrote about pre-war Warsaw 'There were no drawbridges or guards at its borders; the ghetto had been abolished long before, but nevertheless there still existed an invisible wall which separated the [Jewish] quarter from the rest of the city' [Bernard Singer, Moje Nalewki, (Warsaw: Czytelnik, 1993), p.7].

The use of the term ghetto soon also spread as a derogatory way to refer to other non-Jewish, unenclosed, communities and settlements. One example can be seen in the United States of America where the term ghetto was used to describe spaces where communities of African-American people had settled in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century.

The Nazis' use of ghettos following the invasion of Poland on 1 September 1939 changed the perception of ghettos forever. The Nazis used ghettos to confine, exploit, and persecute the Jews of Poland and eastern Europe. Thousands of people lost their lives to the inhumane conditions inside the ghettos, and millions more died following the ghettos' liquidation and the transportation of Jews to extermination camps.

As a result of their antisemitic ideology, following the invasion of Poland the Nazis developed ghettos to segregate and control Jews.

Historically, ghettos had been used to segregate Jewish communities from the rest of the population across Europe. The Nazi leadership, Wehrmacht soldiers, Einsatzgruppen , SS , SD and various local authorities across Poland built on and adapted this historic idea.

The Nazis also introduced ghettos due to their false theories that Jews spread diseases and therefore should be segregated to protect the rest of the population. This was in line with their racist and eugenic beliefs.

Invasion of Poland and the Madagascar Plan
Following the invasion of Poland in September 1939, three million Jews came under Nazi control. This presented a problem for the Nazis, as they wanted their newly acquired land to be free of Jews in line with their antisemitic beliefs.In response, the Nazis segregated the Jews from the rest of the population, and ghettos were developed to forcibly detain them.

These ghettos were initially thought of as temporary holding spaces. The Nazis initial plan to remove Jews from Poland was to deport all Jews to the island of Madagascar. This was called the Magagascar Plan .
The establishment of ghettos
On 21 September 1939, Reinhard Heydrich issued an order to the chiefs of the Einsatzgruppen known as the Schnellbrief. This order stated that Jews in Poland were to be concentrated in large towns and cities near railway lines. The order also declared that councils of Jewish Leaders were to be set up to administer the newly uprooted Jewish communities.

As steps were taken to concentrate Jews in towns and cities, the problem emerged of what to do with the Jews when they arrived. Whilst Heydrich's order detailed generally where to concentrate Jews (in towns and cities with railway access), it did not detail where in each town Jews would then live, or how they would reestablish life there. These decisions were left to the local authorities and Jewish Councils that had been set up in towns. Each local authority improvised and responded to this problem differently. As a result, no two ghettos were the same.

On 8 October 1939, the first ghetto was opened at Piotrków. This was soon followed by the ghetto in Radomsko on 20 December 1939, and the first major ghetto in Łódź in February 1940. Over the following two years, hundreds of ghettos would be established across Poland.
Abandonment of the Madagascar Plan and the 'Final Solution'
By September 1940, Britain's remaining naval superiority meant that the Magagascar Plan became regarded as unfeasible and indefinitely postponed. This development meant that the ghettos became more permanent features of the Nazi occupation.

However, this was not the Nazis' intention. As the invasion of the Soviet Union brought millions more Jews under Nazi rule, the question of what to do with the Jews segregated in ghettos across Poland became more pressing. The decision was made to start exterminating racially undesirable groups. To coordinate this decision, a conference was called in January 1942. This conference was held in a suburb of Berlin, called Wannsee, and became known as the Wannsee Conference.

Roma in ghettos

Although no two ghettos were the same, ghettos in Nazi-occupied Europe were broadly catagorised into three different types: open, closed, and destruction.
Open
Open ghettos had no fences or walls around their perimeter. Despite this, there were still restrictions against who could enter or leave, when, and how often.
Closed
Closed ghettos were closed in by fences or walls. Leaving or entering the ghettos was prohibited. These circumstances made conditions inside extremely unsanitary, with huge shortages in food and water leading to high death rates.
Destruction
Destruction ghettos were spaces in towns and cities that were sealed for short periods of time, typically around two weeks, before their inhabitants were deported to extermination camps and murdered.

The SS were responsible for setting up each ghetto and ensuring that the administration of the ghetto ran smoothly.

In addition to the SS, Jewish Councils called Judenr ä t e were set up to carry out and govern the day-to-day running of the ghetto. The Jewish Councils were controlled by the SS and had to comply and carry out its demands.

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The Jewish Councils were elected by the local population and made up of influential or high profile Jews and Rabbis from the community.

The Councils were responsible for tasks such as transferring Jews from their homes to ghettos, maintaining order and discipline within the ghetto, and issuing food rations. Sometimes the councils tried to reduce the effect of the Nazis' measures by obtaining and distributing illegal supplies of food. To relieve suffering within the ghetto they also often established charitable organisations such as orphanages, hospitals, surgeries and mutual aid societies.

The councils were also responsible for jobs such as providing an internal police force for the ghetto, providing workers for forced labour and supplying names of Jews to be deported to camps in the east.

Whilst the councils sought to be benevolent , they were in a difficult position. Any SS demands that were not complied with resulted in serious sanctions, which could endanger not only the council members but the population of the ghetto as a whole. The morally difficult decisions made by the Jewish Councils inevitably took a toll on their members, and many resigned or committed suicide rather than carry out the tasks required of them by the SS.

Life inside the ghettos was extremely difficult, and, for many, conditions were deadly.
Housing
As huge populations were forced into small areas, several families were forced to share each house. In the Warsaw Ghetto an average of just over seven people shared a room. This overcrowding, coupled with a lack of clean running water and proper sewage systems, resulted in poor sanitation and rampant disease.
Food and medicine
Medical supplies were sparse and, after many ghettos were sealed and cut off from the outside world, quickly ran out altogether.

Food supplies were extremely sparse to the point that many ghetto inhabitants quickly died of starvation. To try and alleviate this situation people went to great lengths to smuggle food into the ghetto. If caught, they faced death.
Work
After having lost their businesses and normal forms of employment, most people in the ghettos had no regular source of income. This led to a thriving black market , where people attempted to exchange possessions for their everyday needs.

As the ghettos became more established, the Nazis sometimes used inhabitants for forced labour.

Work in each ghetto differed. Inhabitants could be used for anything from construction work to making clothes. Forced labourers worked extremely long hours in brutal conditions. Some work was used as a form of torture rather than for productivity, although most work did attempt to productively use the free labour, typically for the war effort.

For some Jews, work offered a temporary lifeline, as those who were being used for labour often received extra rations (although these were still minimal) and were less likely to be chosen for deportation lists. Temporary exclusion from transport and additional rations could save lives. Work often also offered a chance to escape the ghetto walls, which gave workers additional chances to smuggle in extra food or rationed material, although this also heightened their risk of being caught and punished.

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Jack
Jack was born in 1929 in the town of Novagrudek in today's Belarus. In 1941, the Nazis invaded the country. In May 1942, they established a ghetto in Novogrudek. In this excerpt, Jack describes life in the ghetto.

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A ghetto is a place where groups of people are kept forcibly segregated from others. The Nazis used ghettos to isolate and contain the Jewish population of occupied Europe. This section explores when the Nazis began using ghettos, the different types of ghettos, how the ghettos were run, and what life was like for those imprisoned in them.

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During the War, there are 6 million Jewish lives perished at the Hands of the Nazi Regime, but millions of Poles, Gypsies, and other Hundreds of Thousands lives of Disabled ones, Homosexuals, and political opponents were subject to the killings under the German territories, resulting in a catastrophic event during World War II, both during and the Aftermath of the war.

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During my research on the concentration camps, it is very loose because the camps under Nazi rule have different variations like there's forced-labor camps, Extermination camps, and other camps for Prisoners of War, even Transit camps. The history of the Holocaust, researched by USHMM, known as "United States Holocaust Memorial Museums" has a documentary on how these 5 camps functioned during German-occupied Europe.
For instance,
"Many people refer to all of the Nazi incarceration sites during the Holocaust as concentration camps. The term concentration camp is used very loosely to describe places of incarceration and murder under the Nazi regime, however, not all sites established by the Nazis were concentration camps. Nazi-established sites include"

Concentration camps: For the detention of civilians seen as real or perceived “enemies of the Reich.”

Forced-labor camps: In forced-labor camps, the Nazi regime brutally exploited the labor of prisoners for economic gain and to meet labor shortages. Prisoners lacked proper equipment, clothing, nourishment, or rest.

Transit camps: Transit camps functioned as temporary holding facilities for Jews awaiting deportation. These camps were usually the last stop before deportations to a killing center.

Prisoner-of-war camps: For Allied prisoners of war, including Poles and Soviet soldiers.

Killing centers: Established primarily or exclusively for the assembly-line style murder of large numbers of people immediately upon arrival to the site. There were 5 killing centers for the murder primarily of Jews. The term is also used to describe “euthanasia” sites for the murder of disabled patients.

credit: https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/nazi-camps?series=97

Based on the articles about the Nazi Camps, there are multiple purposes that the Nazis use to commit genocide of not only Jews but other groups such as the Disabled, homosexuals, and Romani people where many were deported and sent to other camps for their gains like resources from the Forced labor camps.

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Early Camps (1933-38)

, , and persons accused of "asocial" or socially deviant behavior. Many of these sites were called From its rise to power in 1933, the Nazi regime built a series of incarceration sites to imprison and eliminate real and perceived "enemies of the state." Most prisoners in the early concentration camps were political prisoners-German Communists, Socialists, Social Democrats-as well as Roma (Gypsies), Jehovah's Witnesses gay men and men accused of homosexuality concentration camps. The term concentration camp refers to a camp in which people are detained or confined, usually under harsh conditions and without regard to legal norms of arrest and imprisonment that are acceptable in a constitutional democracy.

After Germany's annexation [Anschluss] of in March 1938, Austrian political prisoners came into the Nazi concentration camp system. Following the violent Austria Kristallnacht ("Night of Broken Glass") pogroms in November 1938, Nazi officials conducted mass arrests of adult male Jews throughout the country, the first time Jews were arrested en masse precisely because they were Jews. Over 30,000 German Jews were incarcerated in the Dachau , Buchenwald , and concentration camps in Germany, initially until each could provide proof of their ability to emigrate. Sachsenhausen

Types of Camps

Many people refer to all of the Nazi incarceration sites during the Holocaust as concentration camps. The term concentration camp is used very loosely to describe places of incarceration and murder under the Nazi regime, however, not all sites established by the Nazis were concentration camps. Nazi-established sites include:

Concentration camps: For the detention of civilians seen as real or perceived "enemies of the Reich."

Forced-labor camps: In forced-labor camps, the Nazi regime brutally exploited the labor of prisoners for economic gain and to meet labor shortages. Prisoners lacked proper equipment, clothing, nourishment, or rest.

Transit camps: Transit camps functioned as temporary holding facilities for Jews awaiting deportation. These camps were usually the last stop before deportations to a killing center.

Prisoner-of-war camps: For Allied prisoners of war, including Poles and Soviet soldiers.

Killing centers: Established primarily or exclusively for the assembly-line style murder of large numbers of people immediately upon arrival to the site. There were 5 killing centers for the murder primarily of Jews. The term is also used to describe "euthanasia" sites for the murder of disabled patients.

Camp System: Maps

Other types of incarceration sites numbered in the tens of thousands. These included but were not limited to early camps; "euthanasia" facilities for the murder of disabled patients; Gestapo, SS and German justice detention centers; so-called "Gypsy" camps, and Germanization facilities.

Concentration Camps

Concentration camps are often inaccurately compared to a prison in modern society. But concentration camps, unlike prisons, were independent of any judicial review. Nazi concentration camps served three main purposes:

1. To incarcerate real and perceived "enemies of the state." These persons were incarcerated for indefinite amounts of time.

2. To eliminate individuals and small, targeted groups of individuals by murder, away from the public and judicial review.

3. To exploit forced labor of the prisoner population. This purpose grew out of a labor shortage.

The First Concentration Camp

The major purpose of the earliest concentration camps during the 1930s was to incarcerate and intimidate the leaders of political, social, and cultural movements that the Nazis perceived to be a threat to the survival of the regime. The first Nazi concentration camp was Dachau, established in March 1933, near Munich.

In many of the concentration camps, the Nazi SS either installed or had plans to install gas chambers to assist in their daily business of killing prisoners who were too weak or sick to work. Before the widespread use of gassing in the concentration camps, weak, ill and exhausted prisoners selected by camp physicians were murdered at "euthanasia" (T4) facilities from 1941-1943 in a secret program called 14f13. Gas chambers were also to kill small targeted groups of individuals whom the Nazis wanted to eliminate (Polish resistance fighters, Soviet POWs, etc.). This was the purpose of the installation of gas chambers, for example, at Mauthausen, Sachsenhausen, Stutthof, Auschwitz I, Ravensbrück, Lublin/Majdanek, etc.

Camp Structure
All concentration camps were structured in the same way. Each had an internal camp staff that consisted of five sections:

1. Commandant's Headquarters (consisting of the commandant and his staff)

2. A protective detention office run by a Security Police officer who maintained prisoner records in terms of arrival, discharge, discipline and death and who received his instructions from the Reich Central Office for Security

3. Commander of the Protective Detention Camp

4. Administration and Supply

5. SS Physician

Forced-Labor and Prisoner-of-War Camps

Following the German invasion of Poland in September 1939, the Nazis opened forced-labor camps where thousands of prisoners died from exhaustion, starvation, and exposure. SS units guarded the camps. During World War II , the Nazi camp system expanded rapidly. In some camps, Nazi doctors performed medical experiments on prisoners.

Following the June 1941 German invasion of the Soviet Union , the Nazis increased the number of prisoner-of-war (POW) camps and subcamps. Some new camps were built at existing concentration camp complexes (such as Auschwitz ) in occupied Poland. The camp at Lublin, later known as Majdanek , was established in the autumn of 1941 as a POW camp and became a concentration camp in 1943. Thousands of Soviet POWs were shot or gassed there.

Transit Camps

Jews in Nazi-occupied lands often were first deported to transit camps such as in France, en route to the Westerbork in the Netherlands, or Drancy killing centers in German-occupied Poland. The transit camps were usually the last stop before deportation to a killing center.

Killing Centers

Killing centers first made their appearance in Nazi Germany in the execution of Operation T4, the so-called "euthanasia" program. It was the Nazi state's first program of mass murder, where disabled patients in German facilities were murdered in gas chambers using carbon monoxide gas.

To help carry out the " Final Solution" (the genocide or mass destruction of Jews), the Nazis established killing centers in German-occupied Poland, the country with the largest Jewish population. Killing centers were designed for efficient mass murder. The first one, which opened in December 1941, was Chelmno , where Jews and Roma were gassed in mobile gas vans. In 1942, the Nazis opened the Belzec , Sobibor , and Treblinka killing centers to systematically murder the Jews of the General Government (the territory in the interior of German-occupied Poland). Here Nazi planners borrowed the gassing technique from the "euthanasia" program to murder Jews in gas chambers using carbon monoxide gas generated by engine exhaust.

At the Auschwitz camp complex, the Birkenau killing center had four gas chambers, known here as crematoria. Here gassing took place using the pesticide Zyklon B (hydrogen cyanide, or prussic acid). During the height of deportations to the camp in 1943-44, an average of 6,000 Jews were gassed there each day. Over 2,772,000 Jews (or 46% of Jewish victims) were murdered at killing centers.

Millions of people were imprisoned, mistreated, and murdered in the various types of Nazi camps. Under SS management, the Germans and their collaborators murdered more than three million Jews in the killing centers alone. Only a small fraction of those imprisoned in Nazi camps survived.

Author(s): United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, Washington, DC

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Nazi Germany and its allies established over 44,000 concentration camps and incarceration sites during the Holocaust. Read about the Nazi camp system.

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The purpose of this project is to discuss how the Holocaust started during the Nazi era in Germany under the iron fist of Adolf Hitler and how their genocide was successful. It all began during the first few months of Adolf Hitler's office, The Nazis control almost every life aspect of Germany with Nazification and the flames of hate towards the inferior race. For example, "The Nazis’ antisemitic beliefs were filtered into all aspects of life in the Third Reich. This drawing was created by a young girl, Gerda Nabe, in one of her school textbooks. The drawing shows the infamous Nuremberg Laws, explaining how to define if a person is a Jew. Following their rise to power in 1933, Hitler and the Nazi Party started to infiltrate almost all aspects of everyday life in Germany. This section will explore exactly how and where the Nazis attempted and carried out this process of Nazification" ("The HolocaustExplained"). The panel of the timeline talks about the timeline of racist policies like the Nuremberg Laws that define if the person is an Aryan or racially inferior under Nazi rule. Years after Hitler's election to power, many Nazi officials are trying to figure out to answer the Jewish Question with Genocidal tendencies, First plan was to send the Jews to Madagascar: it was widely known as a "Madagascar Plan, which seemed reach, since Madagascar was a French colony. The German foreign ministry and the SS started to prepare for the deportation of Jews to the island. On the 25th of May 1940, Heinrich Himmler gave Hitler (link in Czech) a memorandum in which he proposed that Jews be deported to Africa. Hitler agreed. However, the plan could not be realized unless Britain was defeated, since as a result of its naval power Britain controlled sea routes to Madagascar and could prevent the deportations. With the failure of the offensive against Britain in the summer of 1940, the Madagascar Plan was shelved. By this time, however, the Nazis were already planning an offensive against the Soviet Union, and with it a radical „solution to the Jewish question“. Although the Madagascar Plan was not implemented, it contributed to the architects of the „final solution“ continuing to think in terms of deporting Jews away from the territory of Germany and Western Europe. However, in the end, the destination of the deportations was not an island in the Indian Ocean, but the extermination camps in the east" ("Holocaust.cz"). This Interpretation of the History of the Final solution that led to the Holocaust is based on the plans that were carried out for the extermination of undesirable in the Nazi Germany, where the Aryans (the Germanic people) have the superiority over any race and maintain supremacy status with the flames of hate and propaganda that surrounds everyone during Hitler and the Nazi Officers with an Iron fist and fear.
Credit:

Media – the Holocaust Explained: Designed for Schools. 4 Oct. 1933, www.theholocaustexplained.org/life-in-nazi-occupied-europe/controlling-everyday-life/media.

SRO, Nux. “The Territorial Solution to the Jewish Question | Holocaust.” 2013-2023, www.holocaust.cz/en/history/final-solution/general-2/the-territorial-solution-to-the-jewish-question.

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Antisemitism dates back to the history of discrimination and hatred towards the Jews specifically pogroms from European history, blood libels, the Death of Jesus Christ, and the Black Death. For example, "The specific hatred of Jews, however, preceded the modern era and the coining of the term antisemitism. Among the most common manifestations of antisemitism throughout history were pogroms, violent riots launched against Jews, and frequently encouraged by government authorities. Pogroms were often incited by blood libels—false rumors that Jews used the blood of Christian children for ritual purposes" ("Ushmm.org"). What I learned from Antisemitism stems from history where a lot of Jewish people were persecuted for centuries like Babylonians destroying their holy sites, enslaving the people, and pogroms that massacred thousands of Jewish people by blaming them for problems like Blood libels and as I mentioned, the Black Death. Throughout history, Antisemitism originates from blaming one source, by blaming a certain community: mainly the Jews.

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What I learned from this assignment is that how the hatred and genocide began is mainly an organization, a belief, and finding the source of the problem. Antisemitism played a huge role throughout history, but In Germany's case: it was caused by hatred, propaganda, and the economic standards that many Germans and figures like Adolf Hitler used the tool to flame the country with hatred that believed that the Jews were the main cause of the problems like communism, the WWI lose, The Treaty of Versailles, etc. The term "Genocide" is a very strong topic that involves controversy I mentioned Dehumanization and blaming a certain group for their problems that reflects the modern world like the Blockade of the Gaza strip and dehumanize during the Rwandan Genocide due to the Colonial powers causing ethnic tensions that kills millions of lives due to the influence from hate and belief from century to century.

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Map of the German-occupied nations, with the maps showing the Concentration camps and the Extermination camps.

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German-Occupied Europe map for the camps.

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German-Occupied Europe map for the camps.

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This image depicts the "Einsatzgruppen" doing the execution of Jewish people and other racial groups.

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During the German-occupied Europe, Many Jewish and other Racial undesirables were segregated from other people. For instance, "A ghetto is a place where groups of people are kept forcibly segregated from others. The Nazis used ghettos to isolate and contain the Jewish population of occupied Europe ("TheHolocaustExplained"). During World War II, many people like Jews and other undesirables under Nazi rule, lived in segregated areas where many people got sick and died due to the inhumane conditions that many people lived in during the Nazi-rules and leads to the events of solving the problems of the Jewish question. What I learned from the article is how Nazis passed their harsh laws to segregate the people from the Germans, filled with propaganda and terrible laws that brings hatred towards the inferior race and justified their racist ideas that the Aryan race is the main superior race and causing the lost of lives during Second World War. Conditions on Ghettos Under the Nazi Rule is poor and harsh due to the restriction from the Nazi policies. Inside the Ghettos, resources are scarce due to the "Jewish policemen guarded the inside of the wall, and Nazi and Polish officers patrolled the outside. Only those with special permits could leave the ghetto. Over 400,000 people were imprisoned" ("TheHolocaustExplained"). Life in the Ghettos is terrible and the Warsaw Ghetto is an example of the living conditions of the people during German-occupied Europe, many people smuggled food just to survive the harsh conditions of the Warsaw Ghetto, use bribe money to the Nazi guards for surviving the terrible lives during the Nazi occupation of Poland. Secondly, many Jewish people who are incarcerated by the Nazis worked as Cheap Labours, both the Elderly and the Children had to work in the harshest conditions of the Warsaw Ghetto during the Nazi occupation of Poland. For example, "The Nazis increasingly turned to utilize the incarcerated Jews for forced labor such as construction work. By the summer of 1940, the Jewish Council in Warsaw was asked to supply lists of able-bodied Jewish men to work in labor camps. Failure to supply the number of men asked for resulted in random round-ups of Jewish men in the streets. Conditions in the camps were abysmal, and workers sent there would often die as a result of the lethal conditions, or return back to the ghetto scarred by their experiences. Workers were not paid for their efforts" ("TheHolocaustExplained"). Lastly, What I learned not only the Warsaw Ghettos forced many people to work in Harsh conditions, die from labor, and food scarce. The hygiene in the Ghetto has scarce water "Many homes did not have access to running water. The soap was sparse and of poor quality. In addition to this, there were just five public bath houses, serving approximately 17,000 people a month" ("TheHolocaustExplained"). Based on the article Life in the Ghettos explains the documents and the experiences that give the general idea of how people lived like stealing food, bribing guards, and working even though the conditions were dangerous for their sake to survive the Genocide against the Jews during World War II.

“The Ghettos.” The Ghettos – The Holocaust Explained: Designed for Schools, www.theholocaustexplained.org/the-camps/ghettos-an-overview/. Accessed 19 Oct. 2023.

“Case Study: Warsaw Ghetto.” Case Study: Warsaw Ghetto – The Holocaust Explained: Designed for Schools, www.theholocaustexplained.org/the-camps/the-warsaw-ghetto-a-case-study/. Accessed 19 Oct. 2023.