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Pacini-Ketchabaw, V., Kind, S., & Kocher, L. L. M. (2016). Encounters with materials in early childhood education. Taylor & Francis Group.

Pacini-Ketchabaw, V, Nxumalo, F, Kocher, L, Elliott, E & Sanchez, A 2015, ‘Opening to possibilities’, Journeys: reconceptualizing early childhood practices through pedagogical narration, University of Toronto Press, North York, Ontario.

Gandini, L., Hill, L. T., & Cadwell, L. (Eds.). (2015). In the spirit of the studio : Learning from the atelier of reggio emilia. Teachers College Press.

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I love electric light, I bought a lot of different type of light. Fairy light, led light, etc. I like how the light bounces off everything around it, for example yellow light will make everything it hits yellow. For example, in the picture of my cat below, I have chosen a red led to shine on, everything around, including the cat, becomes red and pink.

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When I was a child, my family lived in a countryside, so there were frequent power outages in the evening. What I like the most is not the electric light but the small flickering light of the candle. We light a lot of candles in the evening. My sister and I often play Shadow Art, it is A form of art known as "shadow art" makes use of shadows to produce artistic effects. The 2D shadows that 3D sculptures produce can result in a wonderful piece of art!

'Our ﬁrst step is to recognize that creativity, imagination, and wonder are natural dispositions that accompany every human being’s drive to make sense of and build relationships with the world.' ( Lella Gandini, et al, 2015 ). This memory shows how I find happiness simply when I was young with just the light of candle, using my imagination and critical thinking to create 2D shadows by my hands and body in front of the light.

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We can see the world around us because of light. The sun, lightbulbs, and lasers produce the majority of all light. Energy that travels in straight lines is called light. Additionally, it bounces off objects, and this reflected light enters our eyes and enables vision.

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Red light on my white cat makes he looks like he is a pink cat. We can also see the reflection of the shadow behind.

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When touching the clay, the first thing I can feel is that it is very soft and smooth, the clay is very flexible, but it does not stick to the hand, any shape can be created. ‘Pinch it, poke it, press it, shape it, throw it, scrape it, form it, lift it. Clay is incredibly versatile. It can be dropped, flattened, sliced, engraved, embellished, shaped, sculpted, soaked, carved, transformed. Clay’ ( Pacini-Ketchabaw et al 2016 ). We can see that there are many different things to do with clay. Exploring creativity by clay, investigating how they relate to a certain place or nation, clay is a powerful material. We can make objects out of clay that reflect the region's geography, cultural heritage, and history.

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When I was young, I loved playing clay. My mom used to buy me a box of clay with 5 basic colours (blue, pink, yellow, green, brown). The first simple thing I learned was distinguishing the colours of these clay blocks. I used my imagination to shape the flowers, I learned that green would be for the leaves, pink and yellow would be for the flowers. But because my hands are small and cognitive skill is still not mastered, so I often let the clay blocks mix colours together. But from those experiences, I learned to be more skill full and better preserve the clay.

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I bought some clay and had a play with it, I feel so different comparing to the clay I played when I was young. I think that I have grown up, so my hands will have more dexterity and flexibility than when I was young. I no longer clumsily mix clay colours together.

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Fine motor skill, cognitive, expanding creativity and imagination. From playing clay with my hand, the way I use my hands to knead the clay, shaping the big and small blocks, I feel my palms and fingers are a bit tired after a while, so we can notice that clay helps to develop the muscles of the hands which is improving dexterity.

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Thought and reflection : What can I do with clay in the future with my early childhood student ? 

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Thought and reflection : What can I do with clay in the future with my early childhood student ? 

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Through clay, children can learn about the world and themselves as giving them opportunity to explore clay through class activity such as telling story by clay, doing dramatic play such as making food with clay, being a farmer ( making plants ), etc.

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Junk : could be recycled materials, loose parts,… anything that can be reuse in a creative way.

Investigation on the history of Adventure Playgrounds : During the German occupation of Denmark in the 1940s, the Workers' Co-operative Housing Association built the first adventure playground in Emdrup. His mission was to give city dwellers' kids the chance to live in the city. have access to the same play options as kids who live in rural areas.

As an early childhood student, I have got experiences from playwork and pop up playgrounds at Victoria University. The playground was organised with loose parts. There was no rule to play, the children just come and play in their own way and explore their creativity through all of the recycled materials.

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Using junk ( toilet paper rolls, card stock, etc ) to make DIY animals  

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Using junk ( toilet paper rolls, card stock, etc ) to make DIY animals  

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When I was young, I did not really know what is recycle, what is loose part. Simply the word ‘Junk’ seem to be like rubbish to through away but If the saw any thing that could be reuse, I would keep it. I kept the coke cans, I kept bottle that used, I washed them all and made my kitchen and had dramatic play with my sister. We imagined that we was an adult and was cooking.

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I understand the important of junk materials in art through the way I saw children play with loose part in the pop up playground. There was little girl created a chocolate birthday cake-inspired decoration by using a small tyre and inserting straws of various colours into the tiny holes on the side of the wheel, this is really impressed me of how she could make it like an actual cake and it looks really atheistic. She moved very slowly while using one hand to block the wind's direction and prevent the candle from burning out. Obviously there isn't a candle or a fire, but when she acts like she's protecting the wish candles on a birthday cake, everything becomes really creative. ( Pacini-Ketchabaw, et al. 2015 ) 'Children reflect the ideas and words of the people around them, and they try to make sense of them in light of their own experiences', in this case, we can see that the girl copied adult action and use loose part to support her imagination.

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Enable problem-solving, risk-taking, design and construction, hypothesis and experimentation, socialisation and teamwork, the exploration of creativity, and the improvement of physical and cognitive abilities.

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Junk definitely is a good materials for children to challenge their creativity in art. Very easy to find at home. From junk, children can also learn to protect the environment and respect where they are belonged to.

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Thought and reflection : What can I do with clay in the future with my early childhood student ? 

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Thought and reflection : What can I do with clay in the future with my early childhood student ? 

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It is crucial in early childhood education because children can interact with paper materials more deeply than they can with digital ones because they are still learning how to process information in a meaningful way.

In class activity, I can just simply have drawing lesson with the children, basically teach them how to hold the pen and draw on the paper.

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Writing, drawing or cutting on paper can help students develop their fine motor skills which is benefit for physical development, help to focus and increase the attention span.

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I realise that paper is a great material when it can be used both for learning, for taking notes, drawing diagrams, or solving problems step by step, for storing information, for sharing, etc. Paper also has many different types on the market for different uses. different uses. If only one material is paper, how much creativity can be expressed from paper materials (drawing, origami art, coloured paper, …). At the moment, as an adult, I have tried to practice folding paper in a higher level which origami art.

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‘When we take paper into the studio to pay close attention to it, we find that nothing about it is static and everything is in motion.’

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When I was a kid, I used to practice drawing in notebooks, then I just liked white paper because I could draw and paint on it any colour. When I was a little older, I started to have the skill of folding paper, I was very interested in folding airplanes, folding boats, folding the stars, etc. After that, my mother bought me coloured paper, I started to learn to cut paper, I cut flowers, cut houses. I do everything to satisfy my passion for art.

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There are so many different type of paper ( card stock, coated paper, tracing paper, bond paper, printing and writing paper which is very useful and more popular, colour papers, etc ). I did a little bit of research on how paper was made, the inventor of paper is said to be a Chinese man Tai Lun in the 1st century AD, around 105 AD, during the Han Dynasty. The main raw material is from the inner fibers of the bark of the mulberry tree (mulberry), the cannabis plant, etc. By the 19th century, there was a shortage of cotton that forced people to find an alternative material, wood. People later found that wood is the best material for making wood. After that, it was spread to neighbouring countries such as Korea, Thailand and gradually through Europe.