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Intersectionality is important when reading history because one person can't be just one thing. it's important to remember all the ways a situation can affect someone as well as how important their accomplishments may be.

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This book depicts the accomplishments of the world, This book may focus on women but their impact affects us all. Take Lady Xian for an example, the book describes her accomplishments but also how quickly people try to erase her memory.

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question 2:

The legacies of the activism of the 60s, 70s, and 80s can be seen in the continuing fight for racial equality, women's rights, LGBTQ+ rights, workers' rights, and other social justice causes. There are still many issues that remain unresolved, but the activism of those decades helped pave the way for the progress we have made in recent years. These legacies can also be seen through the use of civil disobedience, public protests, and other forms of nonviolent resistance. The efforts of these activists have helped raise awareness and push for change that persists to this day.

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question 1:

The term "civil rights" refers to legal protections that the government grants to individuals, such as the freedom of expression, the freedom of religion, and the right to a fair trial. In contrast, human rights are recognized as "God given" rights. Universal rights that are unaffected by a person's race, gender, sexual orientation, identity, or country. Human rights are believed to be inherent to every person, independent of social or legal conventions, whereas civil rights are a subset of human rights and are particular to a given nation or community.

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question 3:

The person most commonly credited with "ending" slavery is Abraham Lincoln given that he was in charge at the time. But this idea weakens our comprehension of the abolitionist movement since it presents the story of a single individual who is in charge of releasing the slaves and ending slavery. In reality, abolition of slavery was a communal effort that took decades to accomplish. In order to combat the institutional and structural pressures of white supremacy and colonialism, people from all origins and cultures had to cooperate in the difficult process of abolishing slavery. The effects and legacy of this era are still evident in the modern world.

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The gender pay gap is a wage gap between women and men who work the same job, however men get paid slightly or significantly more for the same position. Another thing to factor in while thinking about this is the societal expectations on what jobs a woman should have, going all the way back to ancient societies. The jobs that are stereotypically predominantly female - housekeeper, nanny, teacher, etc. - are often jobs where the pay is lower in general.

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The gender pay gap is a way to promote inequality aimed at women. It has a strong influence within the workplace and deeply affects the home lives of those women. There is no genuine reason for the gap to exist; though it's gotten better in recent years, there is still a lot of progress to be made to ensure that women are being treated as equals.

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Question 2, Chapter 7:

The gender pay gap is something that womens rights activists have struggled to correct for years. Basically, it means that women get paid less than men in the workplace, but still do the same amount of work that men do. It is unequal as well as unfair, and it is a serious problem that more people need to take notice of. This problem continues to affect us, and the fight for equal pay is continuing to persevere.

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Riots and rebellions are often confused for one another but there is a significant difference between the two. Riots are unorganized acts of chaos used as protest. They often result in violence and mayhem with no real progress or solution at the end. Rebellions are organized displays of defiance that aim to make a positive impact rather than be used as an outlet for rage and unrest such as riots. Rebellions require time and planning and they have a specific goal.

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Why do you think WWI is referred to as the "great" war? What message does that convey? Why is this significant?

The term "great" refers to the immense impact that the war had on society at the time. The social changes that were directly influenced by the war such as education, housing, and an increase in women's rights activism.

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I think the gender pay gap is still a resemblance of "Men In Power", but most companies in 2023 pay their employees in an amount for how much money they are bringing in. For example, if person A is bringing in 500$ in profit, and person B is only bringing 100$ in profit, person A should, and most likely get paid an amount around that is a bit more than person B. This concept is especially big in sports, and a lot of people get confused as why women's teams/leagues get paid a lot less than men's teams/leagues, and that is simply because the men's teams/leagues are bringing in more money.

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"Who was Jackie Mitchell?"

Although baseball was seen as a sport for men only, by the time she was 17, Jackie Mitchell had already struck out two of the biggest names in baseball of all time. Jackie wanted to prove that baseball was not exclusively a sport for men. The "All-American Girls Professional Baseball League" unfortunately did not last long, but paved the way for an amendment that made it illegal to be excluded from federally funded programs based on your sex.

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What are the continuing legacies of the activism of the 1960s, 70s, and 80s?

American politics, social life, and culture were all significantly changed by the social movements of the 1960s,70s, and 80s. Americans rallied in new ways to support social change, from civil rights organizations to advocates of women's rights.

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What is the gender pay gap?
The gender pay gap refers to the difference in wage between men and women. Women often get paid less than men for doing the same or similar work.

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This book, while lacking in actual historical content, and unable to truly claim to be able to show 'all of women's history', it does serve an important purpose in forcing people to acknowledge the reasons for gender inequalities and thus be better equipped to solve such problems at the root instead of heading deeper down a road of inequity.

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Question 2 - what is the gender pay gap?

On average, women are payed 15.5% less -or 82 cents versus one dollar - of what men are payed in the U.S. The U.S. has one of the highest gender pay gaps, along with South Korea, Latvia, Japan Israel, Cyprus, and Canada. The gap has decreased around 22% since 1979, but in the last few years its stayed about the same. This gap is even greater for black and hispanic women, they make around 57-67 cents for every dollar a white man would make.

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Chapter 6: Question 1) I feel that not only the author being a woman herself inspired this book, but the fact she's also a person of color. Both of these identities have had their own set of major issues in the past, and though getting better with time, there will probably always be work to get done. She mentions lots of different from different backgrounds. Some are well known but there are probably so many in this book that most people have never heard about, which can say a lot. I don't think the book necessarily intended for a certain audience. I think there's definitely something everyone can learn about with this book though I'd imagine both POC and women will get to feel more represented. Women and there struggle to get to where they are today is obviously the main focus of the book but with all the women who are POC mentioned, I'd say that other POC will feel represented to some extent.

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What is the gender pay gap?
The gender pay gap is the average difference in earnings between working men and women. Despite common belief, this gap is not as black-and-white as "women are just paid less than men"; worded differently, this gap doesn't reflect the pay difference between men and women doing identical work, instead, it reflects the ratio of pay across all jobs. The gender wage gap is complex, but one of the factors contributing to its existence is a "segregation" of "men's" and "women's" jobs. "Women's jobs", or historically female-dominated jobs such as housekeeping, childcare, nursing, etc., tend to have a lower salary and less benefits compared to historically male-dominated jobs, which are usually higher-accomplishing and therefore tend to have more to offer. Due to inherent misogyny and patriarchal societal structures often seeping into workplace practices, it can be difficult for women to achieve the same positions as their male coworkers or even leave their current positions to pursue career fields that are historically male-controlled.

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Chapter 7 Question 2.

The gender pay gap is a difference in salary between genders. This pay gap has men earning more money, and women earning less. This pay gap does not have any actual reasoning and hopefully pay becomes equal in the near future.

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Q 3:

Equality is an issue for everyone because there will always be sides and opinions, to what equality is and what we deserve as a whole. No one will ever be equal because everyone has differences: personalities, appearances and opinions.
Yes, many of us in the world fight for equality, and some of us get that recognition, but I don’t think we will fully all be equal in this world, due to the “high standards” we have as a society and what “we believe is right.” We will never fully come together as a whole and decide what is equal and what isn’t, it’ll just always be parts of us choosing for all of us what is and what isn’t.

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I think with Kendall being a black woman of color, she might want to represent POC who influenced the women's rights and exclude non POC who are more talked about and more known. She might have also intended the audience to be towards everybody to educate everybody on women's history, or maybe from her positionality, POC history. Not saying she just includes WPOC history but she might cover that a bit more than the more mainstream women's activists.

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What is the gender wage gap?

The gender wage is when women get paid less than men even if they are working in the same job. This puts the stereotype that men are better and have to provide for women even more, and this really just enforces that so that men can feel good about themselves. This also applies to trans women, trans men, and non binary people. Trans people often get paid 30-40 cents less than workers just based on their identity.(source)

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One of the continuing legacies is the pig gap between men and women in the workplaces today still. A woman can be doing the same job as a man and maybe even better but still be getting paid less. It has gotten better in some work places, but still needs a bunch of improvements.

Also this could (probably does) apply to anyone who doesn’t identify as a man.

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1. What are the continuing legacies of the activism of the 1960s, 70s, and 80s?

one of the continuing legacies of activism from the 70s is women got the right to have their own credit cards and bank accounts. It also became no longer allowed to treat a woman differently because she was pregnant.

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#2

The Gender pay gap is is how women get paid less then men - they earn only about 83.7% of what men earn on average(according to google). This even applies to men+women who have the same job being paid different amounts. It has been a longstanding issue with still no resolve.

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What is the gender pay gap?

Women get paid less than men on average, even today. this issue has gotten much better but still needs work because there is no reason for there to be a difference.

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2. What is the gender pay gap?
I think gender pay gap is inequality between men and women, although women are working hard in the same time and place as men but got less payment than men,because of their gender.
Ofcours men accept them to work and earn money but not as equal as men, it is just like you can work and earn money but not more than us, or same like us.
It means men never let women to improve and go higher in their position, and at the end have their own work and job, they want them to always be worker for them, not a ruler to them, it is the common inequality between men and women that men are afraid of women improvement.

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question 2)

The gender pay gap is, in short, when women get paid less for the exact same thing that a man does. A woman in the work force could be a boss of a team that includes men, and then men would still get paid more than his female boss. It could also apply to non binary people being discriminated against in the work force.

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1. How might the author's positionality have factored their decisions to include certain individuals and groups and exclude them? What about the intended audience?

I think the author, Mikki Kendall, like anyone else, is going to focus on people with similar viewpoints and identities and in turn not focus as much on people with different identities. I think the intended audience is women, or anyone wanting to learn about women's history

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Question 2.

The activism of the 1960s, 70s, and 80s left lasting legacies in civil rights, women's rights, and environmental movements. It was an inspiration for greater social and political awareness, inspiring subsequent generations to advocate for change and progress. These decades started important legal reforms, expanded societal norms, and heightened environmental consciousness, contributing to ongoing efforts for social justice, gender equality, and environmental sustainability.

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What are the continuing legacies of the activism of the 1960s, 70s, and 80s?

There are so many continued legacies of activism. People are working on Roe v. Wade, equal pay, LGBTQIA + rights, trans rights, and so much more. These are going to continue because things can always be improved and worked on. Just because something is better now does not mean it’s done and can’t be changed. With equal pay women were and are not always paid equally as men. Whether it's in sports, doctors, scientists, and more they have not been paid equally. This is only one example of how activism is important and will always be shown.

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chapter(6) question "1"
I think the authors wrote about those people who had same opinion as themselves. Authors are women rights supporters so they chose figures who also supported women rights, such as women right advocates and champions, and first females who advocated for women equality against patriarchy in their field.
I think the intended audience for this book is women and also men. The reason I think the women are the audience is to not forget their history of combat for women rights and continue their way.
This book is also written for men to help to stop the period of patriarchy and raise their awareness by giving information about history of inequality between men and women and all of the struggle that women went through.

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What was Jane Crow?

"Jane Crow" was a term coined by Pauli Murray, who was a very significant figure in the movement. One of her major accomplishments was co-founding N.O.W, an organization that fought for women to be more included into " the mainstream of American society,"which meant fighting for more equal treatment as well as try make women treated equal to men in society. This was one of the things that caused Pauli Murray to bring about Jane Crow; the term was meant to encapsulate the struggle black women face against both racism and sexism. The term was called this because it was was referencing the Jim Crow laws at the time, which were basically a system that permitted segregation toward African Americans. Therefore, that is the story behind the term of Jane Crow.

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2. What are the continuing legacies of the activism of the 1960's, 70's, and 80's?

Activism didn't stop once voting rights, there were still things that women weren't equal in. For example, equal pay. Women weren't payed as much as men, and some could say that still happens. Even now, Activism hasn't stopped.

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Q3
Equality is an issue for all of us because without it, members of our community and society are continually pushed down and forced to suffer with unequal opportunities. A community is not who when its members suffer like this. Also, if people's opportunities are influenced by some base [part of their identity, then our society might loose some incredible minds and wonderful opportunities just because of it's prejudices.

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What is the gender pay gap?

It's where women will be paid less then men in certain jobs, ~80 cents per every male dollar on average. I have seen lots of progress on this issue.

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Question 3 Answer: Equality benefits even those who aren't directly oppressed in countless ways. Two important ones are:
- An unequal society is necessarily less cohesive, and cohesiveness is necessary to have a functioning society. Otherwise, without an equal society, anti-sociality and violence starkly rise. We see this all over the world, even now, including here.
- Equality protects those who wouldn't normally be part of the oppressed group from becoming part of it. Whether that's by how they act, an identity that is added to the list of degeneracy, etc. No one is perfectly safe in an unequal world.
So equality is an issue for all because it's needed for all. But, there is a second meaning to this. Saying "it is an issue for us all" can also mean it must be fought for by us all, which is also true. The struggle against the oppressor from the oppressed is much harder without those outside of the binary fighting for their rights as well. All must fight for equality, not just those who are hurt by the inequality directly.

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Agnes Meyer Driscoll and Elizebeth Smith Friedman are mentioned, and they decoded messages. There is a segregated group of the cryptanalysists, and although the general group is acknowledged, not one name is brought up. It seems that there is so little info about them that not one name is mentioned.

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I think a riot is a disturbance in the peace, but a rebellion is more to overthrow a government or leader. Riots can be very chaotic, and not planned out; mainly just fighting without a true clear intention. Whilst a rebellion is more methodical, and structured; it has a clear goal and can take a lot of time and effort. In a riot, those who happened to be at the wrong place at the wrong time, have a very good chance of being hurt, or have possessions stolen, but a rebellion seek out only the target, and those supporting that target.

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Question 5

Page 123 is about women who coded and deciphered messages during the war. Two white women, Agnes Meyer Driscoll, and Elizabeth Smith Friedman are named for their accomplishments in this field. The line after talks abouts segregated work places in Virginia, “Though little is know about them individually, there was even a segregated cryptanalysis wing as Arlington Hall that tracked who was doing business with axis companies.” Readers are left to wonder about these women who aren’t specifically named and not even anything about their importance to the war or even accomplishments in coding and deciphering is mentioned.

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What are civil rights? Do they differ from human rights? If so, how?

Civil rights result from a nation's unique legal and social environment. They are the freedoms and advantages governments give their people, usually stated in the constitution, laws, and rules of a given nation. Human rights, on the other hand, are more broad and general in context. They are everyone's inheritance by reason of their humanity. They are not dependent on citizenship or place.

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"Women were the backbone of the civil rights movement, though men were more likely to be given credit for the results." (page 138)

On this page, it talks about so many significant women in history who fought really hard to make things fair. Unfortunately, men were given most of the credit for this, because women's accomplishments weren't viewed of as influential and important as those of men.

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question # 5

Agnes Meyer Driscoll and Elisabeth Smith Friedman were mentioned on this page, it talked about how women used to decipher codes for the war so that enemy forces didn’t know what they were up to. This is not an easy job and they didn’t get any credit for their hard work.

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2) The roaring 20's is often seen as a positive time period, and to an extent that could be considered true. Though if women rights are brought into the question, then it could be considered more of a pause. From what I understood, women did get the get the right to vote, but that was only for white women, and it didn't end up fixing the majority of the problems women had. I'd describe it as sort of a pause in the movement. Even though it gave certain women that right, it didn't really do too much.

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Many female leaders have been forgotten about because a woman serving as a leader doesn’t fit into the patriarchy that is burned into our brains growing up. Because of this throughout history female leaders are commonly erased.

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Riots are charectarized by being sudden or loosely planned, sometimes violent, chaotic, often with a clear political cause but sometimes without a clear political goal. Rebellions are usually well planned with a specific goal to challenge some sort of (political) authority or societal structure. They usually have a very clear goal and very clear requests, and are more drawn out.

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Reading through some of the other replies I saw someone talking about how Abraham Lincoln was credited with ending slavery however the reason slavery was ended was because of the efforts of enslaved people to end it. This made me think of how behind all these major movements, such as the womens rights movement or the gay rights movement, there are always people of color who played major roles who get their work taken credit for or overlooked by white people “advocating for equality” who only really want equality for people who are the same as them.

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Intersectional perspective is crucial to being able to understand a historical event. History books often paint prejudice and injustice as very black and white, and this is because history is almost always taught through an extremely eurocentric perspective. As a result of that, there’s a lot of incomplete histories out there because the perspectives of women, people of color, queer people, and other marginalized communities are all but thrown out the window.

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The patriarchy exists today pretty much everywhere in some form or another because of these historical society structures. The reason this all has stuck is because of power. Once one human or one group of humans gains some sort of power over another group, it seems to almost be human nature to do whatever possible to hold on to that power. Because of this, concepts such as gendered equality have no real standing anymore.

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In certain ancient societies, women and men had very different roles. These usually went along with “traditional values” in our society today — women would take care of children and the house and men would do jobs that involves more manual labor. However in these societies, women and men had the same legal rights. This concept of gendered equality is important to understand because it does impact our society today, however that doesn’t mean this concept exists in todays world.

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What was the roaring 20s/renaissance? What's in a name?

In AAA, it talks about these two events sequentially, one after the other. The roaring 20s, is usually thought of to be a "good" time in history, associated with partying and such; mostly because of woman achieving the goal of suffrage. After women earned the right to vote, they somewhat gave up and didn't do much to help other marginalized groups get their chance to have this right. The Harlem Renaissance, having the goal to create "the flowering of culture while being faced with white supremacy." Even though white women had received the right to vote, people of color and really anyone who was not white hadn't, leading to even more determination and persistence for this to be extended to all. The Harlem Renaissance, laid the ground work for African American literature to be more widespread, as well as spreading the information of people's experiences that would later lead up to the civil rights movement.

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Men often take credit for many of woman's achievements. I find the most infuriating example of this in the story of Adam and Eve, and how Eve ate the forbidden fruit, the fruit of knowledge, and gave humans intelligence, yet she is frowned upon, and men see themselves as more intelligent than women, priding themselves in this misconception.

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Page 123 focuses on the women who were decoding/deciphering messages from the military and other groups. The two only women mentioned by name were white women, although they did acknowledge there was a segregated wing, they didn't say any of their names. It could be possible that no one even really knows their names, so it really could not be the books fault, but they are still left unknown. This makes me think that if there is so much unknown about this group of people apart of this work, how much could they have gotten done or discovered that has gone unnamed and unrecognized?

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#7
There is a big difference between Riot and rebellion. Rioting is incredibly chaotic, as we saw with the Capital riots a couple years ago. Usually a numerous amount of fights occur along with a flurry of arrests. There is usually not nearly as much of a concise and clear goal as there is when it comes to a rebellion. While Rebellion takes alot of planning and somtimes alot of patience a Riot is lead by anger+impulse to make a difference immediately. In my opinion another reason why rioting is so bad is because it really throws the people - regardless if in the good or wrong, in a really bad light.

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7

There are big differences between riots and rebellions. Riots are chaotic, loud, unpredictable, sometimes violent, and often times seen as the worst kind of protest. Rebellions are more strategic, purposeful, and even sometimes harmful, but overall a very common way to protest. If one were to mistaken the two, perspectives could very well be changed, and the story could be written as a completely opposite story compared to the truth. In other words, if someone were to mistaken the two, history and the stories that take place could very much be altered just by two simple words. Chaos or Rebellion.

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The roaring 20s was a time widely known for its music, dancing, and partying culture. But during this time, women’s rights were significantly set back and pushed under the rug.

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I found it interesting how women had so much influence in jazz music, especially in the instrumental part, as you only hear about them singing. I'm very into different types of music an their backgrounds but I had no idea of this massive influence on Jazz and rock and roll music

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This first section of the reading was very interesting because I did not know that the reasons women wanted the right to vote varied based on their race, social class, economic situation and more. It brings me the question of how this impacted the women's rights movement. Did this divide them? Did this cause any issues?

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question 7.

The key distinction between a riot and a rebellion lies in their nature and intent. A riot is typically a quick, often chaotic, and violent outburst by a group of people against authority or order, often without clear political goals. In contrast, a rebellion is a more organized and sustained challenge to authority or a government, often driven by political or social motivations. The choice of terminology is significant as it shapes how events are perceived historically, with those in power often defining and influencing these labels, impacting our understanding of past events and the legitimacy of various perspectives. The agency to label and define typically rests with those in power, and their definitions often become the widely accepted ones.

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This section of the book characterizes these changes by naming laws that gave access to people with disabilities. They do mention in the section that the fight isn't over so in a way they're also saying that the changes aren't completely over and there are still changes to be made. The people credited were women activists who stood up for this specific community, even though there isn't much diversity in the credit section, credit was still given to the community.

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The 1920’s was called the roaring 20’s because it was a big economic, social and cultural change for America in a good way for America at the time. The time was right after world war 1 and after the war many people started immigrating to the United States. With all the money that the country had the technology started improving. Also it was a big change for women in the United States because they were able to work. (well they kinda did in world war 1 but after they were ale to still work). But the it all came to and end when the Great Depression start in the 1930’s.

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What is a renaissance? what is in a name?
Renaissance was a period of time when people from different cultures started to show their art and literature equally as white people.
Renaissance word means improvement of art and literature.
The book examples for Harlem renaissance include: editors, poet, writer, singer, and anthropologist who improved their culture through their art and literature.

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7. What is the difference between a riot and a rebellion?
A rebellion is most of the time seen as a positive, non-violent way of protesting, and having a powerful impact. Rioting is seen as violent, wrong, and most of the time the reason said people are starting a riot is negative. Rioting also has a big impact, but most of the time it's not in the way a group of people intend.

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A riot and a rebellion can often be the same thing, but from different points of view. A riot is seen as negative and disruptive in a harmful way, whereas a rebellion is seen as powerful and uplifting. This language is significant, because in the case of the Stonewall Rebellion, the name riot was used to twist what it was into something bad, when in reality, it was oppressed people rising up for their rights. It impacts our understanding of the past because you hear riot and think 'oh so this wasn't justified', instead of the facts, which is that the Stonewall Inn was raided by cops because it was a queer haven, and the people inside fought back. The people who have agency to label are, in this context, the oppressed.

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Why are human rights getting SO COMPLICATED?

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Examine page 123. Who is named? Who is unknown?

On page 123 there are two women who are named, Agnes Meyer Driscoll and Elizebeth Smith Feiedman, they are both white. The women who remain unknown are the women who were segregated and worked in a separate area from the others. They were probably seen as not important even though they did good work to help the war. They were not seen most likely because they are not white and probably not rich. They should be named but because of the time then we don’t know all of their names.

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The U.S deemed actions in other countries immoral and wrong when the very same thing occurred within its own society.
The U.S was being very hypocritical and made no attempt to better itself without major push from groups.

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Question 7:

The terms rebellion and riot differ greatly from each other. On the surface, they could sound quite similar, but in reality they have completely different meanings. A riot is usually unplanned, and has no particular goal in mind. A rebellion is carefully thought out, and makes no rash decisions about what they do. A riot is also usually very chaotic, while a rebellion is more strategic in terms of their common goal.

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Sophie Scholl:
Sophie was a german student who was executed by the government for being involved in the resistance movement (she was caught handing out anti-war leaflets) She was also a member of the white rose. Now she’s a symbol of resistance.

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Reading about Alice Paul made me think about this movie I watched in 8th grade about her called Iron Jawed Angels. The movie is mainly about her, but also features Lucy Burns, Inez Milholland, and Ida B. Wells. Although the movie frames her as a hero and important suffragette, it also highlights her conflict and racism towards Wells, especially regarding letting Wells and other black women walk in the huge women rights parade Paul organized. The film also went into Paul’s imprisonment and force feeding and her struggles with the National American Woman Suffrage Association.

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I think that WWl is referred to as "The Great War" because nothing like it had ever happened before. Sure would conquest has happened in the past in ancient times like the great roman empire, but in a more modern setting, it was the first war with many countries. WWl effected many communities and governments, it also revolutionized combat, with the addition of tanks to counter all of the trench battles. Due to WWl, when Hitler led the Nazi's in WWll, the surrounding nations had at least a fighting chance to form an alliance.

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Why is an intersectional perspective important when reading history?

Having an intersection perspective when reading history is crucial for a number of reasons. It is extremely important because it helps to uncover the truth about different events and people that have been erased from history. It establishes all of the key stories that many people fail to mention. It is especially important to demonstrate the large amount of impact that female leaders have made throughout history, and makes sure that their stories are heard and not forgotten.

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How did the industrial revolution impact women across intersectional identities?

The Industrial Revolution created new opportunities for women's employment, working in factories and mills. However, those jobs frequently had hard working conditions and minimal pay. Since they had few other options, working-class women were more severely impacted by these situations. The increasing income caused by industrialization, on the other hand, led to some improvements in the quality of life for women in the middle and upper classes.

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7.

I think that the difference between riot and rebellion all depends on what side you are coming from. The language is significant because  riot usually referees to something being rowdy, chaotic, and usually deemed as something bad, while rebellion is righteous, strong, and fighting for good. It impacts our understanding of the past because depending on what you are reading, it can show a bias without even being conscious of it happening. It could also be very intentional. I honestly don't know who has the agency to defines these words and decided that definition is correct. It really depends on what books and news you decide to read and "believe".

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What is the difference between a riot and a rebellion? Why is this language significant? How does it impact our understanding of the past? Who has the agency to label and define and have their definition become the definition?

Riots and rebellions both have the same end goal, to make some form of change happen. The difference between them is the way that they protest to make that change happen. In riots, there is violence and can harm many people, and even if it gets the attention of, for example, people in power, the fact that it was a huge riot could just want them to stop the riot rather than addressing the problem. It can make the rioters and supporters seem crazy. A rebellion is also a group of people united to make a change, but instead of rioting, they might have peaceful protests, or if they do something hands on, it could be something non violent, for example like in star wars, the rebellion does fight the empire, but sometimes the ways that they do so aren't physical violence. If 3 rebel spies snuck onto a star destroyer, they could disguise as storm troopers and destroy the engine, or steal money/materials that the empire may need as a way to protest the empire.

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Question 1) The idea of equality was difficult due to what equality necessarily meant to the person if that makes sense. For instance, the right for women to vote. All women probably wanted the right to speak their mind when it came to important decisions usually decided by voting. Though this was for all women genuinely speaking, the possibility of only allowing white women vote compared to women in minorities would probably have been more likely. Minorites were already given so little. If people were against the idea of white women voting, then imagine the chance for women who were also in minorities voting. More so being as an example to show what I mean but equality can mean something different, depending on who you're asking due to their position.

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How might the author’s positionality have factored into their decisions to include certain individuals and groups and exclude others? What about the intended audience?

Mikki Kendall's positionality may make her highlight individuals with similar identities because she might want there to be more light shed on issues of her own. Or, she might recognize that looking at one demographic of women in history isn't a fair portrayal of it and make an effort to show a spectrum of women from varying identites. The intended audience, I believe, is women and girls from all kinds of identities. At the end of the book, Kendall shapes the narrative toward empowering people to continue the legacies of these movements to create change. Although this message could be for everyone, based on the overall context of the book one can assume the target audience to be mostly women and girls.

Equality isn’t just an issue for the oppressed, it is an issue for us all” (186). How? Why?

It's an issue for everybody because everybody is a part of oppression and inquality whether they are aware of it or not. A person who has no idea of a system of oppression is actually actively participating in it by their lack of knowledge of the issue and the people being oppressed. A  big part of moving toward equality is recognizing the system that is causing the harm. This is why the "I don't see color" mentality about racism isn't conducive to change and equality.

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Question 7 Answer:
I believe the difference between a riot and rebellion is the perceived magnitude of righteousness and chaos. The word riot, implies a level of un-earned aberration and disorder, while rebellion is used as a term for a morally righteousness fight against the ruling power. The words are used as a way to paint in your mind a moral and organizational bias against (what would be called) riots and rebellions as a means to ethically categorize previous deviation from the government to the likings and standards of modern society and rule.
Also, it's funny how they start this chapter talking about eugenics, right after talking about Hellen Keller, she was also a eugenicist sadly.

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On page 79, the weird AI person mentions that Florence Nightingale was more interested in self-sufficiency as a means of empowerment, which reminded me of Black Wall Street. If you don't know, Black Wall Street was a community in Tulsa, Oklahoma where black people kept money cycling through the community, so the means still in place for money to be siphoned to white people could be prevented. It ended up being incredibly successful... till it was seen as a treat to white-run American capitalism and was bombed.

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It’s interesting to read about the different activists converging and disagreeing. Reading about the ignorance of the country isn’t surprising thought.

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People who are oppressed and seeking more rights for them and people like them often try to use their voice only to ask for the bare minimum. It is partially from fear that by asking for too much you will get too little, and partially from a belief that change is slow and cannot be rushed. This leads to certain people getting left out of certain movements, being ignored in the writings of certain laws, being overlooked and forgotten or dismissed. White women leave out black women, gay people leave out trans people. We've seen this pattern repeat over and over again in the fight for our rights. Is it that they are afraid of their own power, even though they obviously have less of it than others, and those others never seem to hesitate to use theirs.

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3. What is a renaissance? What's in a name?

The definition of a renaissance is the revival of art and literature under the influence of classical models in the 14th–16th centuries. It is composed of the French word, "Re" (back again) and "naissance" (be born).
I don't think this word holds any value, even though it's a word many people know of.

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The fight for better working conditions was a fight for women rights and much more. Lucy Gonzalez Parsons cofounded an international labor union in order to talk to many other workers in many other types of fields. This organization (IWW) was one of the only to allow and welcome an extreme diverse amount of members, including women. This union was fighting for equal rights for women both in the workplace and at home. The fact that women were allowed in this union must've been a fight in itself. They also advocated for things such as birth control and legalizing it.

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#3
It's almost always from what i've heard - Abraham Lincoln. After the civil war ended he made all the slaves free. That could just be from my lack of knowledge because i'm sure some other place in the world ended slavery before Lincoln did but I never heard of it. Because while Lincoln could be the one to officially put an end to it he most likely never started the original movement. And I mean all respect given to Abraham of course but history would definitely much rather talk about a white mans victory then one of the many slaves who tried to advocate for freedom.

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I feel like this has been a system that keeps reoccurring in these independency marks. For this book it happened when people celebrated women getting the right to vote when at the time it was mainly for white women with privilege. Even though it promoted rights for all women (which is supposed to be an anti-racist thing) it wasn't. It was masked as it was but this book really shows you or tries to show and uncover the truth about women's history and in particular/addition, women's rights.

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Well, speaking for me, I think the abolitionist, and Abraham Lincoln are most credited for ending slavery but in class the other day, when you asked us who like started the movement of ending slavery, I never thought to think about how enslaved people actually started the movement towards ending slavery. I think the impact of this type of myth is the cause of power and history, and how the enslaved people didn’t have a voice and they never learned how to write or read so they couldn’t even journal anything that was going on at the time.

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What is the difference between a riot and a rebellion? Why is this language significant? How does it impact our understanding of the past? Who has the agency to label and define and have their definition become the definition?

There is a distinct difference between the two terms, each comes with a different conotation. 'Riot', to me, implies usually violent, destructive, chaos for no particular reason. This term is typically used to label an act that is unjust, something we don't agree with, or is done without any positive outcome from its havoc. Like said on page 42: " As things [Stonewall Riot] escalated the raid turned into a rebellion-- or a 'riot' depending upon which side you were on" (Kendall, 42). The 'which side you were on' part is referring to whether you were on the side of rebellion against social injustice or the side of police, government, and prejudiced people. I believe rebellion is a better word for justified outward opposition to hate and injustice. Ultimately, powers such as the police, media, and government have agency to decide how they want the public to view a situation or events. And one can understand pretty easily why the media chose to use "riot" rather than "rebellion" to label Stonewall just after it happened.

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Why do you think WWI is referred to as the “great” war? What message does that convey? Why is this significant?

I think that it was called the “great war” because it was the first “true world war” where multiple countries were at war. Calling it the “great war” can be interpreted as many things, one being that it was a very significant moment in history that affected a lot of people, or that it was a huge event that ended up turning into something even bigger than it originally was. It's important because, in the book we are reading, I think the pictures and texts are showing what we know in history books and not from the perspective of just that year. It shows that World War 1 had a huge impact because what led up to World War 1 was World War 2.

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8. What do you notice about the women involved in the Hull House (98-99)

I noticed that Jane Addams, a woman married to a very important person at the time, John Addams, is credited with creating the Hull House, while 8 other women are not. John Addams likely wanted his wife to gain more recognition than the other women and he has the power to do that.
Also, the other women mentioned are poor. At the time. Jane Addams was quite wealthy, so I can see how she would gain more recognition as opposed to the other women.

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The cycle of poverty is the idea that poverty continues down through generations in an unavoidable way. For example, in the time period this chapter talks about, a poor family might need all their children to work alongside the parents in order to keep all of them afloat. This (as well as financial barriers) then prevents the child from getting in education, which then forces them to get a low-paying job and repeat the cycle. This has carried through into present day, where lower class families often cannot afford a good education for their children, resulting in a repeat of financial struggle. The only people making money are the people who already have it.

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Who is traditionally credited with ending slavery? Again, how does this conception impoverish our understanding of abolition? What is the legacy and continuing impacts of this type of mythology.?

In many traditional history learning settings, it is taught that Abraham Lincoln was the one who abolished slavery; and magically like that, prejustice disappeared. This of course is not true, just because slavery was legally abolished in the South, people of color were still very much discrimated against and this racism still continues today. This part of history is not linear, and different parts of the US and greater world changed in this way at different times because of various people, not just Lincoln. This is also true for really any movement in history, just because progress was made, this doesn't reverse the systems of the past, or make the problem go away.

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8. What did you notice about the women involved in Hull House?

I noticed that all of the women involved in Hull House seem to be similar. They are all the same race, come from generally the same area, and all study social work. The women were all also each a head of a department or a director of a program on a federal level. Hull House was made to be super diverse and was made to reduce poverty by bringing in multiple different perspectives, but yet seemed to have brought in people with similar interests and views.

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Why do you think WWI is referred to as the "great" war? What message does that convey? Why is this significant?
WWI was referred as "The Great War" because most people (I think) thought that there was not going to be any wars after it (it was "great" as in big). This is significant because people back then didn't understand that wars like WWI are not the only kinds of wars, like wars fought for human rights that had no involvement with multiple countries of any kind.

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1. In chapter, the text states that " the idea of equality got very complicated"(72). for whom?
I think idea of equality got complicated for white people. because they did not want to lose their power and social position. of course they were agreeing with idea of ending slavery but not equality.

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What did you notice about the women involved in the Hull House?

I noticed that all the women shown that were involved in the Hull House were white. They also were from America. They all seemed to have a similar story and what they did. The Hull House was supposed to help reduce poverty in different ways but based on the people who were involved they could have bias on what and who they could help or focus on.

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Abraham Lincoln is mainly credited for being the one to end slavery because he signed the emancipation proclamation. This is false because abolitionists actually fought and suffered through changing society and deserve credit, not Abraham Lincoln.

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Reading #10 A.A.A chp.4 reflection -Daisy 

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Reading #10 A.A.A chp.4 reflection -Daisy 

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8. what do you notice about the women evolved in the Hull House?

All the women shown that were involved in the Hull house were white, and all of them were from America. Non of them have any different background, or vastly different upbringings, from what I can tell from the reading.

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"Why is intersectional perspective important when reading history?"

Intersectional perspective is essential to understanding the entirety of a historical event or figure's life. Without acknowledging all of the various factors that could directly influence history we are left learning a half-truth.

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3.

Abraham Lincoln is viewed as then man who ended slavery, but he didn't really help all that much with oppression and discrimination towards people of color. He gets to have a legacy and have the story of how he ended slavery told for the rest of time, even though a lot of powerful white men could have had the power to do this, he was just the one that did.