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pink: watch it
yellow: explore it
blue: read it

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Since the beginning of time, and well into the future, the climate has changed significantly. In the last several hundred years, there have been changes in the Earth's temperature. Global temperatures have, however, significantly increased since about 1950. Global warming is the name given to this increase.

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Causes of climate change - human and natural factors

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Causes of climate change - human and natural factors

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A natural function of the Earth's atmosphere is to keep in some of the heat that is lost from the Earth. This is known as the greenhouse effect.

The atmosphere allows the heat from the Sun (short-wave radiation) to pass through to heat the Earth's surface.

The Earth's surface then gives off heat (long-wave radiation)

This heat is trapped by greenhouse gases (eg methane, carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide), which radiate the heat back towards Earth.

This process heats up the Earth.

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- limate change.
- restoration.
- fire
- wildfire
- wilderness.
- biodiversity.

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Natural factors increasing global warming

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Natural factors increasing global warming

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Orbital changes the Earth has natural warming and cooling periods caused by Milankovitch cycles or variations in the tilt and/or orbit of the Earth around the Sun (Wobble, roll and stretch theory).

Volcanic activity during a volcanic eruption carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere.

Solar output there can be fluctuations in the amount of radiation from the sun. If there is high amount emitted there will be an increase in Earth's temperatures.

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Short informational video about global warming 

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Short informational video about global warming 

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Clternative energy - using alternative energy such as solar, wind or tidal can reduce the use of fossil fuels. This will reduce the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere.

Alternative energ- using alternative energy such as solar, wind or tidal can reduce the use of fossil fuels. This will reduce the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere.

Planting trees encouraging afforestation means that there will be more trees to absorb the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere during the process of photosynthesis.

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Agriculture- farmers will have to adapt as some crops may not be able to grow in a warmer climate. However, other crops (eg oranges and grapes) will be able to be planted.

Water supply - water transfer schemes could be used. This is where water is transferred from an area of water surplus to an area of water shortage.

Reducing risk from sea level rise - areas at risk from sea level rise may use sea defences to protect the land from being eroded away.

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Impacts of climate change around the world

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Impacts of climate change around the world

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- sea level rise will affect 80 million people

- tropical storms will increase in magnitude (strength)

- species in affected areas (eg Arctic) may become extinc

- diseases such as malaria increase, an additional 280 million     people may be affected

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- Floods and droughts are more likely as extreme weather patterns increase, and sea levels could rise, covering low lying places.

- Water supplies are under pressure as a result of increasing demand during the summer's heightened heat.

- Industry may suffer, for example, ski resorts may have to close due to a shortage of snow