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Effects of the different stages of the Baltic can be seen in Rokua's national park. The area is covered in dunes and beach ridges, even though the nearest coast is 80 kilometers to N/W in present day.

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Salt water started to flow into the Baltic again after water levels in the Atlantic rose. Water levels of the Baltic rose at a faster pace than the land was rising, which is called transgression. Ice sheet had completely melted at this point.

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After the ice sheet melted, land began to rise and it closed the gap to the Atlantic near Denmark. The Baltic consisted of fresh water again and it covered parts of Sweden and almost half of Finland.

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Salt water from the Atlantic started to mix up with fresh water. This was the first ocean stage after the glacial period.

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Large ice sheet covered almost all of Fennoscandia. Fresh water was dammed in the south. Melting of this stage caused the formation of Salpausselkäs.

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Sandurs and deltas formed at the end of glacial rivers.

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Baltic Sea has gone through at least four major parts in its development during the last glacial period. These events can be observed in nature as landformational evidence.

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Photo by Barun Khanal from Outdooractive.com

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Overflow drainage channel, Rumakuru at Saariselkä, N/E Finland

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Overflow drainage channel, Rumakuru at Saariselkä, N/E Finland

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This is an example of the glacier's melted waters at work. Waterflow has eroded a huge channel to the mountain side perpendicular to countour lines.

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Glacial drainage rivers brought material to edges of the ice sheet and they can still be seen as eskers in nature. These rivers formed deltas at their ends, which partially form the Salpausselkäs.

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These end-moraines formed when melting of ice sheet stopped for hundreds of years and piled up material next to the ice. Sweden and Norway have both one of this kind of formations, Tromso--Lyngen and Ra respectively.

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Part of Salpausselkä I, the picture is approximately 50 kilometers wide. Factory from the video is located in the middle.

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Eskers from the video. The picture is 1,5 kilometers wide.

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The island is actually formed from multiple eskers. Their directions are perpendicular to Salpausselkä II, which is located just a few kilometers south from the island.

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Salpausselkä I, Lappeenranta, S/E Finland

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Salpausselkä I, Lappeenranta, S/E Finland

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Salpausselkä I is the cause of topography here in this video, going from left to right in it. The factory and city of Lappeenranta is built on top of the formation.

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After ice starts to melt from the glaciers it forms glacial rivers inside the glacier. These rivers stratify loose material into assortments from each other (i.e. sand or clay formations compared to unstratified till) and finally the material piles up when waterflow slows down. Flowing water also erodes the ground under high pressure.

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Ground is strongly undulating with till deposits.

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Here the glacier's till deposits can be seen as the forest bulges in the lake.

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Glaciations leave behind deposits of loose material and further glaciations modify them by shuffling, moving and reforming. Flow of the ice is turbulent and spiral, which leads to different kinds of formations based on the velocity of the ice mass. Highlands, lowlands and locations far away from the disturbance center of the glacier tend to have their own formation types.

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Slowly moving and cyclically freezing or melting glaciers have a strong eroding effect on the landscape. Effect of this event can be seen on a massive scale all over Fennoscandia, from the peaks of the Scandes to the lowlands of Gulf of Bothnia. Below are some of the most common formations from glacial erosion.

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Finally these formations were preserved and remained to alter the landscape in present day.

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Glaciers piled loose till infront of the ice mass and in cracks of ice.

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Till, most common deposit of Fennoscandia

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Till, most common deposit of Fennoscandia

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Glaciers eroded solid rock and thus created superficial deposits. Different stages of ice age furthermore shuffled this material, leading to different kinds of till formations. Different layers of till indicate the stages of ice age and orientation of larger rocks within the till shows direction of the ice flow.

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Steep proximal side on the left and rocky tail on the right.

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Movement of glacier shaped medium-sized hills into rock drumlins. They are identified by the steep proximal side and a rocky tail in the direction of glacier movement. The largest of them in the hillshade picture has a length of over 10 kilometers.

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Roche moutonnée, Porkkalanniemi, S Finland

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Roche moutonnée, Porkkalanniemi, S Finland

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Low-lying areas were affected by glaciers aswell. Glacial erosion removed softer material and sculptured lineation to bedrock, parallel to movement of ice.

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Common feature within Scandes, glacier cirques. These are deepened bowls formed by early stages of glaciation and they remained intact through latter total glaciations.

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Glaciers eroded deep U-shaped fjords into the mountain slopes. Basins of these are usually deeper than the sea where the fjords end. Sogne Fjord has a depth of 1308 meters. Fjords are located along the Atlantic coast of Norway.

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Piedmont lake, Stora Lulevatten, N Sweden

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Piedmont lake, Stora Lulevatten, N Sweden

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Eastern counterpart for fjords in the Scandes, a piedmont lake shaped by glaciers from former river valleys.