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Animal Stories | Meet the Animals | Little Fox

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Meet the Animals introduces kids to popular wild animals. With real photos, and easy-to-read text, this nonfiction series helps kids to practice reading for…

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Marie Curie | Discovering Radioactivity | First Woman to Win the Nobel Prize

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Boosting Your English Listening Skills

Randall's ESL Cyber Listening Lab has been providing online English listening comprehension activities for ESL and EFL learners since 1998. Visit Randall's other Web sites at DailyESL.com, EZslang.com, and Trainyouraccent.com for more language practice.

General ESL Listening Quizzes

Activities focus on everyday English comprehension skills at three levels based on content, voices, vocabulary, and natural speed. A combination of adult, teenage, and children's voices are included.

Explore More English Listening Activities

Randall has created a variety of other ESL listening activities to improve your comprehension, speaking, vocabulary, and cultural awareness.

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Randall's ESL Cyber Listening Lab - English Listening

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Randall's ESL Cyber Listening Lab helps ESL and EFL learners improve their English listening comprehension skills through conversations.

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47 seconds · Clipped by Ira Svis · Original video "29 Minutes of Intermediate British English Listening Practice with a Native Speaker | British Accent" by B...

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56 seconds · Clipped by Ira Svis · Original video "29 Minutes of Intermediate British English Listening Practice with a Native Speaker | British Accent" by B...

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56 seconds · Clipped by Ira Svis · Original video "29 Minutes of Intermediate British English Listening Practice with a Native Speaker | British Accent" by B...

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60 seconds · Clipped by Ira Svis · Original video "29 Minutes of Intermediate British English Listening Practice with a Native Speaker | British Accent" by B...

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You can't hide the batteries when it's transparent!

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Gamma | Best AI Presentation Maker & Website Builder

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Design stunning presentations, websites, and more with Gamma—your all-in-one AI-powered design partner. No code or design experience needed.

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English Learning | English Courses | DK English For Everyone

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Learn how to improve your English with this great English speaking course from DK. Includes an English practice book and online English lessons with audio.

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English Learning | English Courses | DK English For Everyone

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Learn how to improve your English with this great English speaking course from DK. Includes an English practice book and online English lessons with audio.

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Just some odd exercises I made a note of in writing classes years ago, because they got me writing!

1. Choose a colour. Go for a fifteen-minute walk and notice wherever you see that colour (take notes if you like). When you get back, write about the things you saw. This is a great exercise in observation.

2. Write about the sun as though you love it. Then write about it as though you hate it. You can of course try this exercise on anything.

3. List five things you most dislike touching, then find five verbs that help to describe each item (e.g. maggots slither, wriggle, writhe). Do the same for your other senses.

4. Write about a recent incident you were involved in, from the point of view of someone else who was involved.

5. Find a news item that interests you. Using the 'who, what, when, where, why' of the item - and your imagination - rewrite it as a detailed narrative story.

6. Write about 300 words of dialogue. Show the difference between the two speakers only through the language they use (i.e don't use 'he said', 'she said', etc.) You might want to use the dialogue generator to start you off with this one.

7. Choose a cliche and write an argument against it. If you can use your own - or someone else's - experience, to support your argument, all the better. Here are a few cliches to start you off:

- What goes around comes around
- Money is the root of all evil
- Laughter is the best medicine
- There's no such thing as a free lunch
- All good things come to those who wait
- Revenge is a dish best served cold

8. Write from the point of view of a household item. Then write a dialogue between yourself and the item.

9. Find a headline in a newspaper. Take the first word in the sentence and use it to begin another sentence - write whatever comes into your head, it doesn't have to be related to the original headline. Do the same for each word in the sentence. Later on, look back over your new sentences and see if there's one you'd like to develop.

10. Write a short story in less than 100 words (you might want to use one of the generators to start you off with this one)

11. Go out and look for characters. Go somewhere busy, where people are moving around, not just sitting. Practice making quick, discreet observations, taking in hairstyle, clothes, shoes, jewellery, manner of walking, expression.

12. Write about five ridiculous things you'd like to try once.

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Selected Writing exercises to generate story ideas and help with writer\'s block.

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In the IELTS Speaking exam you may be asked questions about the topic of 'the weather', perhaps the weather in your country or when you've travelled to other countries. Read the following IELTS-style questions and answers below and pay attention to the phrases in bold. Use the 'Definitions' section at the bottom of the page to check the meaning of any phrases you don't understand.

Part 1-style questions

Examiner: What's the weather like in your country?
Katie: It's quite changeable really ... we have periods of time with clear blue skies then all of a sudden we'll have torrential rain.

Examiner: Which months have the best weather in your country?
Ernst: Well ... I suppose it's a matter of personal taste really ... I like it around the end of October and November ... I'm not fond of the we often get during the summer ... it's not freezing cold during these months and we still get lots of sunny spells.

Examiner: Does it bother you much when it rains?
Junko: It depends ... if I get caught in the rain and I get drenched I don't like it ... but I'm a gardener so a drop of rain is good for my plants.

Part 2-style task

Describe a time when you experienced extreme weather conditions. You should say

when this was

where you were

what the weather was like

and say how you felt about the experience.

I was studying English in a language school a few years ago ... we were in Cornwall in the UK ... we'd been enjoying lovely sunny days ... not a cloud in the sky ... when all of a sudden there was a change in the weather ... we were in town walking around the shops when it started to pour down ... I'd never seen such before ... within about 10 minutes the roads were full of water ... I think they call it a flash flood ... it was like being in the middle of a tropical storm ... the water was almost up to my knees ... the weather forecast hadn't predicted it so everyone was taken by surprise ... I'm not sure you could call it 'extreme' weather as a few hours later it started ... the sun came out and slowly the water level went down ... but a lot of people's houses were flooded so it would have been extreme for them ... I found it all quite exciting ... in my country we generally have a very mild climate and don't often get floods like this so it was quite an experience for me.

Part 3-style questions

Examiner: Do you think the weather affects how people feel?
Tierre: Absolutely ... yes ... I don't mind the occasional but I think the winter months can make you feel down. I hate having to leave the house in the winter ... there's often a every morning and we sometimes get bitterly cold winds ... the winter certainly makes me feel a little depressed ... though having said that ... it's always nice to see the town covered in a blanket of snow.

Examiner: Do you think the weather is changing due to global warming?
Ceri: I don't know if it's due to global warming or not but the weather in my country is certainly changing ... we've been getting quite mild winters lately ... the temperatures are sometimes below freezing but only occasionally ... and then during the summer it can get boiling hot with a lot of older people even suffering from heatstroke .

Examiner: In which ways are weather forecasts useful?
Sinita: Well ... if you're planning a trip or going on holiday it's important to know whether you'll need to dress up warm or take an umbrella ... farmers need to know what the long-range forecast is so they can plan their work ... I suppose people who organise outside events need to know as well in case things get .

Definitions

boiling hot : very hot (informal)

long-range forecast : the weather forecast for several days or weeks ahead

not a cloud in the sky: see 'clear blue skies' above

Next Step? Test yourself on topic vocabulary. Sign up to IELTS Speaking: Advanced for vocabulary tests and whole lot more!

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In the IELTS Speaking exam you may be asked questions about the topic of 'the weather', perhaps the weather in your country or when you've travelled to other countries. Read the following IELTS-style questions and answers below and pay attention to the phrases in bold.

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Eigo.AI: AI-powered lessons for English language learners!

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This article is about traditional gentlemen’s clubs. For the euphemism, see strip club.

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Made with Fillout, the best way to make forms, surveys and quizzes your audience will answer.

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Every Type of Railcar Explained in 15 Minutes

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To wish for, hope or want something; Precise; particular; just about that thing; To guess or estimate what will or might happen; Wanting to know more about something; Reason for which something is done; aim; goal; To use physical strength or violence to...

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An Introvert's Guide to Happiness - VoiceTube: Learn English through videos!

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Thousands of YouTube videos with English-Chinese subtitles! Now you can learn to understand native speakers, expand your vocabulary, and improve your pronunciation...

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Liveworksheets transforms your traditional printable worksheets into self-correcting interactive exercises that the students can do online and send to the teacher.

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Liveworksheets transforms your traditional printable worksheets into self-correcting interactive exercises that the students can do online and send to the teacher.

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Liveworksheets transforms your traditional printable worksheets into self-correcting interactive exercises that the students can do online and send to the teacher.

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Free Mind Map Templates - Customize & Download | Visme

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Choose one of our free mind map templates, customize it using your brand colors and download your concept map to your device or share it online.

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Log in and start using Piktochart's templates and drag-and-drop editor to create stunning visuals

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Log in and use Piktochart to create beautiful infographics, posters, reports, presentations, flyers, or social media graphics. No design experience needed

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Recruitment & Search Agency - Headhunter in the Philippines

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In any organization, there will always be employees who will stand out. Even in a group of individuals with similar credentials, a select few will possess distinctive qualities and exceptional abilities that will distinguish them from their peers.

These are the "HiPos" or high-potential employees. They are the key players who exhibit the aptitude, skill, and commitment not only to achieve personal career goals but more importantly, drive the organization towards success.

High-potential employees are assets. They are supremely talented, and the work they do brings significant value to the company. Consequently, it is an imperative for business leaders to put their best efforts into identifying and engaging exceptional employees within their organization.

While assessing an employee's potential can be tricky, there are certain indicators that can help managers identify employees who can be deemed as high-potential. Here's a list of traits that can help you recognize the top talents in your company.

They ask questions

With the company's growth and success in mind, high-potential employees always ask relevant questions. They're not worried about appearing too inquisitive because they pair their curiosity with a strong desire to perform and deliver results.

They take initiative

High-potential employees don't sit around waiting for tasks to be assigned to them. Instead, they are constantly brewing up new ideas and working on projects.

They are eager to assume more responsibility and take on more work as they see these as opportunities to improve their skills and contribute more to the company's growth.

They work well independently

Micromanaging is absolutely unnecessary, as you can always expect a high-potential employee to deliver the best outputs with minimal supervision. HiPos are reliable. They get things done without being constantly told do so.

They accept leadership opportunities

High-potential employees don't shy away from leadership opportunities. In fact, they are thrilled to assume more leadership roles because they want to practice and develop their skills.

HiPos possess innate leadership capabilities. Even without being given the role of leader, their leadership skills come out naturally.

They help co-workers

Despite their unwavering drive to achieve their personal career goals, high-potential employees don't neglect their co-workers. They often extend a helping hand to their colleagues because they are aware that success is a result of the collective efforts of everyone in the organization.

Additionally, HiPos recognize the value of teamwork and collaboration. They always have the best interests of the company in mind and understand that they need to help their co-workers to get more things done.

They listen to feedback

High-potential employees are committed to improve. They give prime importance to feedback - both good and bad.

They take both praise and criticism graciously, but they don't just stop there. They make sure to take action by utilizing the feedback they receive as guideposts in refining their skills.

They embrace the company's values

Exceptional skill and superior performance are not the only assets of high-potential employees. Their work attitude and behavior reflect the values and culture of the company. They fully embrace the company's mission and vision, which brings more meaning to the work they do.

They accept criticisms

High-potential employees recognize their weaknesses and are not anxious to receive criticisms from superiors and colleagues. They graciously accept their mistakes because they see these as valuable learning opportunities.

And yes, HiPos, like everyone else, make mistakes. What makes them different is that they don't get easily discouraged by their shortcomings and don't let these mistakes derail the success of the company.

They thrive in high-pressure situations

High-potential employees don't bail out when the going gets tough. In fact, when things get heated, expect your HiPos to be on top of the situation.

They are quick thinkers. When faced with a difficult problem, they can provide solutions without losing their composure. While most employees dread high-pressure situations, HiPos thrive when they are given challenges.

They reinforce positive work culture and environment

Even when their plates are full, expect high-potential employees to always be in a noticeably positive disposition. Sure, they also have their fair share of bad days, but HiPos never bring negativity to the workplace because they know how to manage their stress well.

Moreover, HiPos understand the importance of maintaining a positive culture and environment at work. They do the best they can to share only the positive while they deal with negative or stressful situations on their own.

They understand the importance of collaboration

High-potential employees are not adamant about sharing the spotlight with someone else. In fact, they greatly value collaboration because they understand that more work can be accomplished when they put their heads together with their colleagues.

Additionally, HiPos recognize that their coworkers have something valuable to bring to the table. When someone else proposes a better idea, they'll surely support their colleague.

They deliver solid results

One of the most distinctive characteristics of high-potential employees is their ability to deliver constant and solid results. They outperform their peers even when they're given more complex and challenging tasks.

Their level of performance is evidently superior, but they achieve this without stepping on someone's toes. In sum, HiPos pair their high performance with credibility helping them to build trust and confidence among their superiors and colleagues.

They go the extra mile

High-potentials are highly driven to excel and succeed. They are relentless in their pursuit to achieve their goals and never settle for mediocrity.

HiPos are always willing to go the extra mile if it means bringing them a step closer towards their goals. Furthermore, they understand that to achieve success, they must make some personal sacrifices to move forward in their careers.

They exude confidence

High-potential employees are confident in their capabilities. They exude confidence without being arrogant or condescending. Thus, they easily earn the trust and respect of others.

They commit to the company's goals

The company's success is the top priority of high-potential employees. Even with career goals of their own, HiPos recognize that the company's growth should always come first.

They're as committed to the company's goals as with their career objectives and never prioritize personal gain over the welfare of their organization.

Recruitment firms can all agree that high-potential employees are assets to any organization. HiPos possess superior skills and exemplary characteristics that allow them to outperform their peers and deliver the best results.

With effective management and appropriate training, HiPos can truly propel a company towards growth and success.

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The Anatomy of a High-Potential Employee | Blog

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Looking for high-potential employees? Know more about how recruitment firms assess an employee's potential.

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Do you like listening to and reading stories? Reading stories is a great way to improve your vocabulary and we have lots of great stories for you to watch. Watch stories, print activities and post comments!

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bring to a more advanced or effective state; to supply or equip; a person or organization that uses a commodity or service; to repair; mend; a car or other vehicle that combines an internal-combustion engine with one or more electric motors powered by a...

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Liveworksheets transforms your traditional printable worksheets into self-correcting interactive exercises that the students can do online and send to the teacher.

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I'm an engineer and innovative content developer for children. I love creating contents using easy drawings that kids love. This is my 3rd series where I used basic shapes to teach children how to draw animals. So we decided to make a printable version of these drawings for kids to put it online on the website of Light of Hope for children all around the world. Every time a parent, a teacher or anyone purchases the ho to draw e-book copy, the money directly goes to Light of Hope's account. And with that money from these drawing tutorials, they do some amazing works for underprivileged children in Bangladesh.

Light of Hope is an award-winning social enterprise that supports underprivileged children and makes learning fun, exciting and engaging for them. They establish libraries for disadvantaged children in their schools for free.

If you are a parent of 3-8 years old child, it's a fair deal to buy the amazing drawing ideas content for just $10. And Light of Hope will be able to buy five story books for underprivileged children. If you are a creative designer and want to do similar kids' drawing ideas, you can reach out to Light of Hope.

More info: lightofhopebd.org

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How To Draw Any Animal From A Square, A Triangle And A Circle

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I'm an engineer and innovative content developer for children. I love creating contents using basic drawings that kids love. This is my 3rd series where I used basic shapes to teach children to draw different animals.

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Drawings from Basic Shapes | Learn Drawing For Kids | Learn Drawing Step By Step For Children

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Drawing Shapes for Kids | Drawing Animals with Shapes | Learn Shapes and Colors | OKIDOKIDS

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In this drawing lesson for kids, you will learn how to draw a TV. This step-by-step drawing lesson will be easy even for kindergarteners!

Hello boys and girls! In this lesson, we will show you how to draw a TV for kids step by step. This simple TV drawing tutorial will help any artist to draw an old TV with high quality, regardless of skills.

The TV is an integral part of any home. Thanks to the TV, we can find out the news, watch our favorite films and series, interesting programs. TV helps to relax and unwind after a grueling day, and interesting and educational programs can be a great way of self-development.

This thing can look different. But all models are mostly rectangular. If now all TVs and screens are thin, then earlier this device was impressive. Drawing a TV is not difficult, precisely because this shape implies the presence of straight lines and even angles.

Time needed: 20 minutes

How to Draw a TV for Kids

The TV is drawn. We are sure that you have got a very beautiful drawing. Be sure to show your work to your friends and family. We also recommend checking out other drawing tutorials for kids.

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How to Draw a TV for Kids - How to Draw Easy

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In this drawing lesson for kids, you will learn how to draw a TV. This step-by-step drawing lesson will be easy even for kindergarteners!

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300 Futuristic Agriculture Machines That Are Next Level ▶ 68

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20 Unbelievable Heavy Equipment Machines That Are At Another Level

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Share your videos with friends, family, and the world

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Satisfying video of agricultural machinery

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100 Amazing Heavy Equipment Machines Working At Another Level

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Construction Site | What I Do Best | Jim Henson Family Hub | Kids Cartoon

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All my videos about concrete in one place.

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In engineering, construction is a method that involves assembling infrastructure using a detailed plan and different materials. Other than materials, design and use case influence the type of construction site that a project adopts. So, what happens on a construction site? This article will discuss the different kinds of construction sites and activities that take place in these sites.

A construction site refers to land where all physical construction activities related to a proposed structure take place. Many people typically use the term building site is to refer to a construction site. However, the term building site refers to a site where only housing projects occur, whereas a construction site is an umbrella term for all kinds of construction.

The landscape properties such as soil and vegetation are modified to provide a suitable environment for professionals to continue their fieldwork. A piece of land turns to a construction site when land is handed over to a contractor to commence construction works.

A construction site does not imply radical changes in a built-in environment. Even small projects with minimal changes qualify as construction sites. Construction sites need to comply with the relevant building regulations as these regulations govern the extent of a construction site.

There are different ways to classify construction sites. The most common classification is either a building site or an industrial site. Construction sites can also be classified by the type of owner, building type, and fire safety. This article will discuss some types of construction sites and where they are applicable.

Residential

These are construction sites for apartments, condos, and housing projects. Different countries and states have various rules governing residential construction sites. Most residential constructions take place in cities, bringing about more stringent laws protecting other residents and pedestrians.

A residential facility with multiple units is classified as a commercial project. Other facilities such as parking lots and swimming pools are also classified as part of the residential project if their location is within the confines of the construction site. Multiple contractors can also work on a project provided all their services are within the confines of the delimited construction site.

Institutional / commercial

Commercial construction projects refer to any projects constructed for commercial purposes. They include hospitals, restaurants, office buildings, skyscrapers, hospitals, universities, and such. On the other hand, institutional projects refer to educational facilities, hospitals, prisons, and nursing homes.

Another segment of a commercial site is the industrial construction site. This is a small segment of projects in the construction industry; they include refineries, power plants, manufacturing plants, and solar wind farms. The terms industrial construction and commercial construction are used interchangeably. These projects operate in the same manner when it comes to contractual and payment terms. The only difference is in the building occupancy.

Power generation

The most common energy sources for most countries are hydroelectric power, solar energy, and wind energy. Other forms of energy are coal, oil, and gas. The construction of infrastructure hydroelectric and solar power generating plants differs from that of coal and gas projects. The building of power generation plants involves constructing, installing, and maintaining conductors and shields for power generation.

Waste

Waste management plants are found adjacent to cities due to the dense population. These sites are connected by sewerage systems that link the sites to the waste management systems. In the waste management construction sites, the activities include classification, recycling, and destroying hazardous residues. Sometimes water purification plants are close to waste management plants as the water is purified and reused for secondary purposes like irrigation.

Heavy construction/transport

Heavy construction projects are big projects that fall neither under building or highway projects. Examples of such projects include dams, sewer lines, flood control projects, dredging, and water treatment plants.

Special Industrial Construction sites

Industrial construction sites involve large-scale projects with a high degree of complexity. Examples of such specialized industrial sites are steel mills, chemical processing plants, oil refineries, and nuclear plants.

Gas & oil

Gas and oil sites are heavily secure due to their volatile nature. There's usually a considerable distance between entry to the construction site and where the actual works occur. This flammable and explosive nature is a threat thus needs to be handled carefully. As gas and oil are some of the most significant energy sources, they need to be away from human settlements because if a person interferes with the supply, they will affect the energy supply to major cities.

Construction sites are dangerous places of work. Many accidents occur in construction sites, and employers need to take necessary precautions to curb the risks in construction sites. There are several plans employers can put in place to keep projects on track. Below are some of the things you need to be aware of on a construction site.

Be aware of health and safety rules

Every construction site is governed by health and safety rules documented in the Workplace Safety and Health guidelines. However, these guidelines are only practical if all the employees are aware of them and adopt them. Therefore, one should be mindful of these rules, and most employers spend time educating employees about their responsibilities and how they should carry them out. The management also ought to listen to employee concerns and effect appropriate protocols for safeguarding the workplace.

The scenarios in construction sites are constantly shifting, and it is necessary to evaluate safety plans and implement new ones.

Have your paperwork in place

For smooth operation of the programs on-site, you need to have proper documentation of the work done on-site. There are legal hoops in permissions and licensing that one needs to jump in before engaging in a construction project. Besides licensing, the contractor and project manager should appropriately document all financing and labor documentation to assess whether a project's progress is on track.

Licensing in a project takes time. You should therefore send your applications early to avoid hiccups in your project. The subcontractors and supervisors tasked with complex tasks such as licensing should have the necessary certifications.

Documentation on environmental considerations should be a top priority too. In 2019, the Singapore government heavily fined two construction firms for releasing a lot of silt into waterways leading to water pollution.

Arrange equipment and staff

Construction workers equipped with improper gear are likely to make terrible errors on site. The project foreman should ensure workers arrange the equipment to suit the task at hand. The construction firms also have a responsibility to ensure the equipment is maintained correctly. The equipment that is not necessary for the project at that particular point in time should be cleared from the site to avoid obstructions.

Remember the amenities

There are necessary amenities that make the environment easier for the staff. Good construction equipment ensures some level of safety within the construction site. The construction site should also make water available, toilets, washing areas, changing rooms, and erect temporary structures for shade to avoid dehydration and other illnesses related to exposure. Many contractors often overlook these amenities, but they minimize the chances of unwarranted incidents in the construction sites.

A construction site should also have storage areas for keeping the place organized and tidy,

If you don't know the answer, ask!

If you are unsure what you need to do, do not venture into guesswork. If you think something is not going to plan, stop, countercheck, and ask. It might be challenging to put things right after they go wrong. Always ask your supervisor if you feel things are going wrong.

Starting a construction project is exciting and equally stressful. One always has a lot to learn to ensure the success of a project. Nothing can replace real-life experience, but we will share below some essential tips to make your project a success.

Adequate training

It is a legal requirement that no worker commence work on a construction site without site-specific training. There are no similar construction sites, and therefore the training is always unique to a particular construction site. The training is always site-specific. It points out high-risk areas in the site, emergency protocols, and the operation of site-specific equipment. Site-specific orientation also accompanies the training. This orientation's objective is to ascertain that everyone has a common purpose on site. Other goals of the orientation include: -

Assessing site safety and reporting any new hazards noted

How to work safely amidst the identified hazards

Understanding the contractor safety requirements on site

Understanding safety procedures on equipment theft

PPE

According to the OSHA Act, anyone entering a construction site should be equipped with the necessary PPE (Personal Protective Equipment). PPEs are the last line of defense when someone encounters hazardous situations on site. High visibility vests make you easily visible, helmets protect your head, and safety boots give you grip and reduce your chances of slipping. Other PPE equipment includes gloves that prevent workers from cuts and safety glasses that prevent workers from debris in the atmosphere. Specialized construction might need one to wear protective gear such as hearing protection and face shields. PPE cannot protect you if you do not wear it, and you should therefore always wear it on site.

Know the construction work's code of practice

Every construction site has a code of practice approved under law. For safety purposes, everyone on site should be acquainted with the code of practice. It offers guidance to identify and manage risks on site. In some locations, you might come across workers whose first language is not English. These are referred to as Culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CALD) workers, and they might need special training on the construction site's code of practice.

Machinery maintenance

The more frequently machinery is inspected and maintained, the less likely it is to fail. Unexpected component failures can lead to dangerous working conditions that present environmental hazards. Preventive maintenance also curbs the expensive downtime brought about by the extra time needed for repairs. Machines in proper working conditions increase operator confidence, extend service longevity, and reduce costly litigation times.

Tidiness

In construction sites, workers face many dangers, such as working with power tools and at considerable heights. Having a cluttered work environment only works to increase the risks in construction further. For instance, a fall next to shattered glass or a pile of steel bars would be more detrimental than a fall next to a clean site. It is also easy for people to move around, but a site hampered with tools makes navigation risky.

Follow safety signs

Due to the numerous potential dangers in construction sites, they should be appropriately marked for workers with signs proper signages. This warns anyone nearby to take the necessary precautions. Safety signs are a cost-effective way of reducing accidents if followed well. Signages with notices around the site remind the staff of their professional responsibilities. They give vital information such as emergency kits, first aid kits, and fire extinguishers. In the case of an emergency, everyone can act to the best of their ability.

Construction projects use a lot of specialized equipment. The equipment used depends on the type and scope of work in the project. Without equipment, building structures would be a tedious and risky endeavor. Civil engineers also use specialized equipment for mapping out geographical locations and performing detailed design. Below are some of the heavy machinery used in a construction site.

Bulldozer

Backhoe

Grader

Tower crane

Trenchers

Dragline Excavators

Compactors

Dump trucks

Pile boring machine

Pile driving machine

Telehandlers

Pavers

Loaders

Wheel tractor scraper

Proper equipment for a project makes construction more straightforward and faster.

Architects design the structure, while architectural technologists ensure the technical aspects of design work.

Building services engineers

Building services engineers ensure that the building has more than walls and a roof. They provide that the lighting, power, ventilation, heating, cooling, and water systems work. In addition, they might work on building designs or guarantee that they are implemented correctly. They are sometimes known as mechanical or electrical engineers.

Building surveyors

They provide technical advice relating to construction and property. They have various roles, but their core work is to report on a building's condition, for example, if there is a dump and what any repairs would cost.

Civil, structural, and geotechnical engineers

They are essential in ensuring that project designs work in practice. Civil and structural engineers work either in an office on the technical aspects of methods or on-site, ensuring the designs are correctly implemented. In addition, structural engineers are responsible for ensuring that the project's structure holds up. Geotechnical engineers are responsible for structures' foundations. They design foundations and oversee foundation work on the site.

They aim to improve the quality of the environment by designing and managing the open spaces around us. They design and create public areas in towns, cities, and the countryside.

Quantity Surveyors

They help a construction project make a profit. They are involved in computing how much the design would cost to build in theory or how much the project costs to build in reality.

Site Managers

They ensure things get done on a construction site. They ensure that the building work is finished on time, within budget, and to a high standard, managing teams of workers.

Flooring Installer

The flooring installers lay and finish the floors inside buildings according to project specifications. They work with various flooring types, including wood, carpet, tile, laminate, linoleum, and vinyl.

Brick Masons

Brick masons create and build walls, fireplaces, patios, walkways, fences, decorative trims, and other structures using bricks, concrete blocks, and artificial stones. They also cut and break each brick or stone to the correct size and shape, mixing and applying the grout to finish the structure.

Plumber

They install, maintain and repair the pipes and fixtures that make up the plumbing systems in the construction site. They inspect fixtures such as sinks, showers, toilets, garbage disposals, and sewage lines to ensure they work correctly and make repairs and recommendations when needed.

Painters

Painters prepare surfaces in residential and commercial buildings that need paint and then mix and apply the paint to the surface. Preparing surfaces for paint involves cleaning, repairing holes, removing chipped or cracked paint, and tapping off areas as needed. They also cover and protect objects such as flooring, furniture, lighting fixtures, electronics, windows, and doors near the painting area before they paint and uncover, remove the tape, and clean their work area when they finish painting.

Pipefitters

Pipefitters manipulate metals into the correct shape and form, transport pipes to the right location, and install them in construction. They use various techniques such as welding, cutting, soldering, grinding, rigging, bending, and threading.

Crane Operators

They use various types of crane machinery to move heavy or oversized materials from one place to another and position them in very high or low spaces. They work alongside other construction professionals who guide their work from the ground using hand signals and radios for voice commands. Crane operators also Inspect cranes and their hydraulic systems before operating them, make minor repairs when needed, and record the materials they move in logs.

Roofers

They install and repair roofs in a construction projects. They also Inspect and maintain roofs on buildings to maximize the roof's durability.
Glaziers
A glazier cuts and installs glass for windows, skylights, storefronts, and display cases. They use project specifications to cut the glass to the required size, shape, and thickness. Glaziers also remove the old and broken glass before installing the new glass and add a weather seal around the edges of the glass after Installation.

Tile setter

They cut and install tiles on the construction site's floors, walls, and ceilings. They also prepare the surfaces they work with and use care to lay each tile evenly before applying grout and sealing to finish the structure.

Carpenter

The carpenter deals with cutting wood on the construction site.

Book a consultation

Due to the complex nature of construction sites, there are common questions that pop up. Below are some of the answers to frequently asked questions in construction.

Construction sites are exciting and vibrant. Many activities take place, but it is essential to be wary of the surroundings on site. Being of the work taking place around you reduces the risk of potential accidents. Communication is also necessary to notify managers and team leaders of the potential risks.

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Construction Sites: Types, Safety & Tips | ProEst

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A construction site is a designated piece of land where the erection of a project takes place. Construction sites vary depending on usage and are governed by different regulations.

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Have you ever wondered why you can always spot construction equipment from a mile away? It's because they are usually bright yellow! The vibrant color of yellow that adorns construction equipment has a long history. In this article, we will explore the origins of why construction equipment is always yellow and the benefits of using color to improve visibility, safety, and cost savings. So, if you've ever been curious about the "yellow standard" in the construction industry, let's get started!

The History of Yellow Construction Equipment

The trend of yellow construction equipment has been in place for generations, but its origins are a bit of a mystery. Over the centuries, various theories have been proposed about why construction equipment is almost always painted yellow.

The most popular theory is that yellow has become associated with safety in construction. Yellow is a bright and noticeable color, making spotting machinery and equipment on a construction site easier. This makes it easier to ensure that everyone on the site is aware of dangerous machinery and can take the necessary precautions.

Another theory suggests that the association between yellow and construction equipment has roots in the industrial revolution. During this time, yellow was seen as an efficient color, providing superior visibility in various lighting conditions. This made it the ideal choice for the hazardous environments found on construction sites.

It is also possible that the yellow color of construction equipment has cultural roots. In some countries, yellow is associated with strength, endurance, and power. As construction work is often associated with these attributes, it makes sense that the equipment used would be similarly colored.

Whatever the reason for construction equipment being painted yellow, it is a trend that is likely to continue for the foreseeable future. The color helps ensure that everyone on the site is aware of the machinery's presence and helps create a safe working environment for everyone.

The Benefits of Using Yellow Construction Equipment

When it comes to construction, using yellow equipment may seem odd. However, many advantages come with using yellow construction equipment. First and foremost, yellow is highly visible, allowing workers to see the equipment from far away and avoid running into it and potentially causing an accident.

Furthermore, yellow construction equipment can help avoid confusion when multiple machines are used in the same vicinity. If all machines are the same color, it could be difficult to tell them apart, but yellow equipment makes it easier to distinguish between them. This can help keep the job site organized and safer.

Additionally, yellow equipment can help improve communication between different construction crews. Since it is such a bright, noticeable color, it can be easily seen from far away, allowing workers to coordinate better with each other. For example, if one crew is driving a yellow bulldozer close to another crew, they will be easily seen, and the crews can better collaborate.

Regarding maintenance, yellow construction equipment can help make the job easier. The brighter color helps crews easily identify any problems or damage that must be addressed. Additionally, it is easier to clean and maintain yellow equipment, helping ensure the machines perform to the best of their abilities.

Finally, using yellow construction equipment can help create a sense of safety and security on the job site. The bright color is easily identifiable and recognizable, making it easier for workers to quickly identify construction equipment and know it is safe to approach and use. This can help boost morale, productivity, and overall job satisfaction.

Overall, many benefits come with using yellow construction equipment. The color is highly visible, easily distinguishable, and helps improve communication and job safety. It also makes it easier to maintain the machines, helping them last longer and perform better. Of course, many construction crews still use other colors, such as orange and red, which also benefit them. Nevertheless, using yellow equipment remains important to any successful construction job.

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The Yellow Standard: Why Construction Equipment is Always Yellow - The Constructor

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Discover why construction equipment is always yellow and the benefits it provides for visibility, safety, and cost savings.

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Daily News is a free service for English learners provided by Engoo. New articles are added every day, covering a range of topics and difficulty levels. Although the articles can be used for self study, they are intended for use with a teacher. To book a lesson with one of our professional teachers, please visit Engoo. If you would like to use our articles for commercial purposes, please contact us here.

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News content from around the world for English learners. Updated daily for all levels, beginner to advanced!

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Daily News is a free service for English learners provided by Engoo. New articles are added every day, covering a range of topics and difficulty levels. Although the articles can be used for self study, they are intended for use with a teacher. To book a lesson with one of our professional teachers, please visit Engoo. If you would like to use our articles for commercial purposes, please contact us here.

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There's a guitar on one sofa, a dog on another, and there are bags everywhere - welcome to the world of hostels!

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Daily News is a free service for English learners provided by Engoo. New articles are added every day, covering a range of topics and difficulty levels. Although the articles can be used for self study, they are intended for use with a teacher. To book a lesson with one of our professional teachers, please visit Engoo. If you would like to use our articles for commercial purposes, please contact us here.

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A trip to Norway wouldn't be complete without a visit to the Lofoten Islands.

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A Comprehensive Guide to Idioms in English • 7ESL

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Idioms! What is an idiom? Learn idiom definition, common idioms list and popular sayings in English with meaning, idiom examples and ESL pictures. These idiomatic expressions can be used to improve your English speaking and writing.

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Everyone studies numbers when they first start learning a new language.
However, talking about time involves more than the numbers on the clock.
Being able to ask questions and talk about time is fundamental to speaking any language, and that's also true if you're a beginner learning English.

Using this post, you will learn every English word and phrase you need to tell time like a natural!

Contents

Download: This blog post is available as a convenient and portable PDF that you can take anywhere.Click here to get a copy. (Download)

1. Learn to Talk About the Time of Day

Numbers may tell you the exact time. However, many people will talk about the general time of day instead of being specific. Here are words that you may hear and use when the exact time is not very important.

Noon

Noon means 12:00 p.m., at the very beginning of the afternoon.

"What time are we meeting this weekend?"
"Around noon, so we can sleep in."

Midday

This sometimes means the same thing as noon, because noon is in the middle of the day. Midday can also be any time between 11:00 a.m. and 2:00 p.m.

This is basically when people begin and finish eating lunch (meaning the middle of the day).

"It is supposed to be very hot and sunny today at midday."

Afternoon

Because this phrase means "after noon passes" it is really versatile. This can be any time between noon (12:00 p.m.) and before the sun sets (usually around 6:00 p.m.). If you do not live on the equator, the time of the sunset is always changing with the seasons. Sunset might be at 4:00 p.m. in the winter and 9:00 p.m. in the summer. This means that "afternoon" can be shorter or longer depending on the season.

"I'm busy all afternoon so let's have dinner together tonight."

Midnight

Midnight means the middle of the night. However, now many people use it to mean 12:00 in the morning (12:00 a.m.), when the next day begins.

The phrase midnight hours refers to any time between 12:00 a.m. and 3:00 in the morning (3:00 a.m.).

"People kiss on New Years Eve at midnight."

Twilight

"Twilight" may just be a popular book and movie series to some people, but twilight is actually the time when the sun is barely (very slightly or very little) lighting up the sky. This is usually right before the sun rises or right after the sun sets. The best way to remember this time is that it is in-between when one day is ending and when the new day is starting, and the sky has a blue or purple tint (slight color).

"I love the way that the trees look at twilight."

Sunset and Sunrise

When the sun is setting (going down) or rising (going up) you can call these times sunset and sunrise. Sunset is right before twilight, when the sky starts to turn pink and orange but is not dark yet. Sunrise happens when the sun starts to come up in the morning (after morning twilight happens) and has the same orange and pink colors as sunset.

"Let's climb the mountain before sunrise so we can watch the sun come up."
"I would rather leave in the afternoon and watch the sunset."

After Dark

The time of day that is after dark is usually between 9:00 at night and 1:00 in the morning, or even later. It can also be a phrase for when nightlife starts in a city, and people go out to drink or dance when the sun has set completely. A good way to remember this time is that if most people are asleep or going to sleep soon, it is after dark.

"Have you ever been to LA after dark?"
"No, but I heard that it gets crazy."

The Crack of Dawn

The actual time for the crack of dawn is when you first start seeing light in the sky, but the sun is not visible yet. People often use this term for waking up before the sun, or just very early, around 4:00 and 6:00 in the morning.

"If we want to beat the traffic tomorrow we will need to wake up at the crack of dawn."

2. Say the Hours

When you tell the time in English, the hours always come first. If you look at the clock and see that it is 3:00 p.m., then you can say "It is three" or "The time is three o'clock." It is that simple!

Remember that when you are talking about just the hour, and no minutes, then you will often use "o'clock."

3. Use O'clock

O'clock is shortened from an old phrase meaning of the clock, and is something that you can say after you tell what hour it is. However, you only use this when telling the hour. If you need to include minutes, then you cannot say o'clock.

"Sir, do you know what time it is now?"
"It is twelve o'clock in the afternoon."

You can do this with one o'clock (1:00) all the way to twelve o'clock (12:00).

4. Know About Morning, Afternoon, Evening and Night

There are only twelve hours written on a clock in any part of the English-speaking world. This may be true in the region where you live too. This is a very common system for telling time. However, that means it will be 6:00 twice every day, once in the morning and once in the nighttime! So, how do you talk about 6:00 in the morning and 6:00 at night?

Quite simply, you can say exactly what time of day you are talking about. For example:
Morning (from 12:00 a.m. to 12:00 p.m.):
1:00 a.m. - It is one in the morning.
6:00 a.m. - It is six in the morning.
11:00 a.m. - It is eleven in the morning.
Afternoon (from 12:00 p.m. to sunset):
1:00 p.m. - It is one in the afternoon.
3:00 p.m. - It is three in the afternoon.
4:00 p.m. - It is four in the afternoon.
Evening (from 5:00 p.m. to 8:00 p.m.):
6:00 p.m. - It is six in the evening.
8:00 p.m. - It is eight in the evening.
Night (from 6:00 p.m. to 12:00 a.m.):
7:00 p.m. - It is seven at night.
9:00 p.m. - It is ten at night.

5. Use a.m. and p.m.

When you say something is at six o'clock you should let the person know if you mean a.m. (morning) or p.m. (night). These words are abbreviations for the Latin terms "ante meridiem" and "post meridiem," which mean before midday and after midday.

"I think I overslept, what time is it now?"
"It's 12:30."
"12:30 a.m. or p.m.?"
"12:30 p.m. "

6. Describe the Exact Time in Minutes

When you are telling the exact time in minutes, the way that you pronounce the time can be different. For example, when saying 3:05, 3:06, etc. you would pronounce it as " three oh five" or " three oh six, " similar to saying "o'clock." This is because sometimes we call zero (0) "oh" in English, and saying "oh five" is faster and easier than saying "zero five."

All other minutes from 10 to 59 are pronounced normally ("ten" and "fifty-nine"). However, there are many other ways to talk about minutes other than saying the exact number.

Half an Hour

Since an hour is 60 minutes, half of an hour is 30 minutes. It does not have to be exactly 00:30 for you to use the term half an hour, you can use it for times between 25 and 35 minutes.

"How much longer until 6?"
"About half an hour."

Quarter of an Hour

Since half an hour is thirty minutes, a quarter of an hour is 15 minutes. You can use the term quarter along with past and until when telling the time. For example, 7:45 is " a quarter till eight"and 8:15 is "a quarter past/after eight." We will talk more about these words, past and until, later in this article, so keep reading!

You can still say "quarter" if the number of minutes you have is between 12 and 17.

"How much longer until 6?"

"About a quarter of an hour "

"What time is it right now?"
"A quar ter until nine."

7. Use Military Time

If you do not want to use a.m. or p.m., you may want to go by what Americans call military time.

With this method of counting the hours in the day you start with 00:00 at midnight (12:00 a.m.) and count up from there until 23:59 for 11:59 p.m.

People will also pronounce this differently, so instead of saying "twenty three and zero minutes" for 23:00, you would say "twenty three o'hundred."

"You need to report to the office at fifteen hundred hours today. After that,f you can leave at seventeen o'fifty."

8. Use Classic Phrases from History

When the Clock Tolls/When the Bell Chimes

These are both older terms for telling time, because they are based off of large clock towers, such as Big Ben in England.

Both a toll and a chime mean to ring a bell. In churches and town centers (and sometimes in clocks found in houses), the bell would chime every new hour. So, there are times that you can say you will do something at the start of the next hour using these phrases. You will probably hear this more often in older films and books, and sometimes as a joke.

"I'll see you after the clock tolls one."

9. Be More General

Maybe you do not want to use a very exact time, like 7:56. However, you also do not want to be too general by saying "evening" (between 5:00 and 8:00 at night). You can use the terms below to quickly tell around what time it is, without the need to be exact.

Past and Till

You can use these along with any combination of words about time. Which one you use depends if you are counting forwards or backwards.

6:30 can either be half past 6or it can be thirty minutes till 7. (Till is the more casual way of saying until, you can use either depending on the situation.)

10:30 p.m. - Half past ten. / Thirty minutes till 11.

11:30 a.m. - Half past eleven. / Thirty minutes to 12.

Couple and Few

A couple of anything generally means two of something. If you say that you have a couple minutes, it means about two or three minutes. A few usually means three to five of something, so a few minutes is a little bit longer than a couple. Still, they are usually used in the same way.

Both can tell people that there is only a short amount of time left before something, or can make the time of day less specific. You can use couple and few with minutes or hours.

"How long until we leave?"
"A few minutes."

"What time is it now?"
"A couple minutes past five."

Five, Ten or Twenty

When telling the general time people usually count in either fives, tens or twenties. For example, it is much more common to hear a person say "five past eight" than to hear "four past eight." If a person wants the exact time you can tell them, but a good rule is to count in groups of five since minutes are very short anyways.

"Do you know what time it is now?"
"About ten minutes past midnight."
"And when do the trains stop running?"
"At twenty after twelve."

Now you know all the different ways to answer the question "what time is it?" with ease.

It takes practice, but you will be able to say all of these vocabulary words naturally in no time!

Download: This blog post is available as a convenient and portable PDF that you can take anywhere.Click here to get a copy. (Download)

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How to Tell Time in English: Key Vocabulary, Tips and Examples | FluentU English Blog

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Learn how to tell time in English with this straightforward guide! Find out how to talk about the exact time or use general phrases that native English speakers often say. We break it down for you with nine important tips, including how military time works and when to say "crack of dawn" or "midday."

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Personality types

Understand others

In our free type descriptions you'll learn what really drives, inspires, and worries different personality types, helping you build more meaningful relationships.

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Personality types In our free type descriptions you'll learn what really drives, inspires, and worries different personality types, helping you build more meaningful relationships.

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In linguistics, a collective noun is a word referring to a collection of things taken as a whole. Most collective nouns in everyday speech are not specific to one kind of thing.[citation needed ] For example, the collective noun "group" can be applied to people ("a group of people"), or dogs ("a group of dogs"), or objects ("a group of stones").

Some collective nouns are specific to one kind of thing, especially terms of venery, which identify groups of specific animals. For example, "pride" as a term of venery always refers to lions, never to dogs or cows. Other examples come from popular culture such as a group of owls, which is called a "parliament".

Different forms of English handle verb agreement with collective count nouns differently. For example, users of British English generally accept that collective nouns take either singular or plural verb forms depending on context and the metonymic shift that it implies.

Morphological derivation accounts for many collective words and various languages have common affixes for denoting collective nouns. Because derivation is a slower and less productive word formation process than the more overtly syntactical morphological methods, there are fewer collectives formed this way. As with all derived words, derivational collectives often differ semantically from the original words, acquiring new connotations and even new denotations.

Early Proto-Indo-European used the suffix *eh₂ to form collective nouns, which evolved into the Latin neuter plural ending -a. Late Proto-Indo-European used the ending *t, which evolved into the English ending -th, as in "youth".

The English endings -age and -ade often signify a collective. Sometimes, the relationship is easily recognizable: baggage, drainage, blockade. Though the etymology is plain to see, the derived words take on a distinct meaning. This is a productive ending, as evidenced in the recent coin, " signage".

German uses the prefix to create collectives. The root word often undergoes umlaut and suffixation as well as receiving the ge- prefix. Nearly all nouns created in that way are of neuter gender:

There are also several endings that can be used to create collectives, such as "welt" and "masse".

Dutch has a similar pattern but sometimes uses the (unproductive) circumfix :

The following Swedish example has different words in the collective form and in the individual form:

Esperanto uses the collective infix -- to produce a large number of derived words:

Two examples of collective nouns are "team" and "government", which are both words referring to groups of (usually) people. Both "team" and "government" are countable nouns (consider: "one team", "two teams", "most teams"; "one government", "two governments", "many governments").

Confusion often stems from the way that different forms of English handle agreement with collective nouns-specifically, whether or not to use the collective singular: the singular verb form with a collective noun. The plural verb forms are often used in British English with the singular forms of these countable nouns (e.g., "The team have finished the project."). Conversely, in the English language as a whole, singular verb forms can often be used with nouns ending in "-s" that were once considered plural (e.g., "Physics is my favorite academic subject"). This apparent "number mismatch" is a natural and logical feature of human language, and its mechanism is a subtle metonymic shift in the concepts underlying the words.

In British English, it is generally accepted that collective nouns can take either singular or plural verb forms depending on the context and the metonymic shift that it implies. For example, "the team is in the dressing room" (formal agreement) refers to the team as an ensemble, while "the team are fighting among themselves" (notional agreement) refers to the team as individuals. That is also the British English practice with names of countries and cities in sports contexts (e.g., " Newcastle have won the competition.").

In American English, collective nouns almost always take singular verb forms (formal agreement). In cases that a metonymic shift would be revealed nearby, the whole sentence should be recast to avoid the metonymy. (For example, "The team are fighting among themselves" may become "the team members are fighting among themselves" or simply "The team is infighting.") Collective proper nouns are usually taken as singular (" Apple is expected to release a new phone this year"), unless the plural is explicit in the proper noun itself, in which case it is taken as plural ("The Green Bay Packers are scheduled to play the Minnesota Vikings this weekend"). More explicit examples of collective proper nouns include " General Motors is once again the world's largest producer of vehicles," and " Texas Instruments is a large producer of electronics here," and " British Airways is an airline company in Europe." Furthermore, " American Telephone & Telegraph is a telecommunications company in North America." Such phrases might look plural, but they are not.

A good example of such a metonymic shift in the singular-to-plural direction (which exclusively takes place in British English) is the following sentence: "The team have finished the project." In that sentence, the underlying thought is of the individual members of the team working together to finish the project. Their accomplishment is collective, and the emphasis is not on their individual identities, but they are still discrete individuals; the word choice "team have" manages to convey both their collective and discrete identities simultaneously. Collective nouns that have a singular form but take a plural verb form are called collective plurals. An example of such a metonymic shift in the plural-to-singular direction is the following sentence: "Mathematics is my favorite academic subject." The word "mathematics" may have originally been plural in concept, referring to mathematic endeavors, but metonymic shift (the shift in concept from "the endeavors" to "the whole set of endeavors") produced the usage of "mathematics" as a singular entity taking singular verb forms. (A true mass-noun sense of "mathematics" followed naturally.)

Nominally singular pronouns can be collective nouns taking plural verb forms, according to the same rules that apply to other collective nouns. For example, it is correct usage in both British English and American English usage to say: "None are so fallible as those who are sure they're right." In that case, the plural verb is used because the context for "none" suggests more than one thing or person. This also applies to the use of an adjective as a collective noun: "The British are coming!"; "The poor will always be with you."

Other examples include:

This does not, however, affect the tense later in the sentence:

Abbreviations provide other "exceptions" in American usage concerning plurals:

"Runs Batted In" becomes "RBIs". "Smith had 10 RBIs in the last three games."

"Revised Statutes Annotated" or RSAs. "The RSAs contain our laws."

When only the name is plural but not the object, place, or person:

The tradition of using "terms of venery" or "nouns of assembly", collective nouns that are specific to certain kinds of animals, stems from an English hunting tradition of the Late Middle Ages. The fashion of a consciously developed hunting language came to England from France. It was marked by an extensive proliferation of specialist vocabulary, applying different names to the same feature in different animals. The elements can be shown to have already been part of French and English hunting terminology by the beginning of the 14th century. In the course of the 14th century, it became a courtly fashion to extend the vocabulary, and by the 15th century, the tendency had reached exaggerated and even satirical proportions.

The Treatise, written by Walter of Bibbesworth in the mid-1200s, is the earliest source for collective nouns of animals in any European vernacular (and also the earliest source for animal noises). The Venerie of Twiti (early 14th century) distinguished three types of droppings of animals, and three different terms for herds of animals. Gaston Phoebus (14th century) had five terms for droppings of animals, which were extended to seven in the Master of the Game (early 15th century). The focus on collective terms for groups of animals emerged in the later 15th century. Thus, a list of collective nouns in Egerton MS 1995, dated to c. 1452 under the heading of "termis of venery &c.", extends to 70 items, and the list in the Book of Saint Albans (1486) runs to 164 items, many of which, even though introduced by "the compaynys of beestys and fowlys", relate not to venery but to human groups and professions and are clearly humorous, such as "a Doctryne of doctoris", "a Sentence of Juges", "a Fightyng of beggers", "an uncredibilite of Cocoldis", "a Melody of harpers", "a Gagle of women", " a Disworship of Scottis", etc.

The Book of Saint Albans became very popular during the 16th century and was reprinted frequently. Gervase Markham edited and commented on the list in his The Gentleman's Academie, in 1595. The book's popularity had the effect of perpetuating many of these terms as part of the Standard English lexicon even if they were originally meant to be humorous and have long ceased to have any practical application.

Even in their original context of medieval venery, the terms were of the nature of kennings, intended as a mark of erudition of the gentlemen able to use them correctly rather than for practical communication. The popularity of the terms in the modern period has resulted in the addition of numerous lighthearted, humorous or facetious collective nouns.

Linguistics concepts

Interdisciplinary

Fanous, Samuel (2014). A Conspiracy of Ravens: a compendium of collective nouns for birds. Oxford: Bodleian Library. ISBN 9781851244096.

Fanous, Samuel (2015). A Barrel of Monkeys: a compendium of collective nouns for animals. Oxford: Bodleian Library. ISBN 9781851244454.

George, Patrick (2009). A drove of bullocks. Patrick George. ISBN 978-0-9562558-0-8.

George, Patrick (2009). A filth of starlings. Patrick George. ISBN 978-0-9562558-1-5.

Hodgkin, John (1909). "Proper Terms: An attempt at a rational explanation of the meanings of the Collection of Phrases in 'The Book of St Albans', 1486, entitled 'The Compaynys of besties and fowls and similar lists", Transactions of the Philological Society 1907-1910, Part III, pp. 1-187, Kegan, Paul, Trench & Trübner & Co, Ltd, London.

Lipton, James. An Exaltation of Larks, or The "Veneral" Game. Penguin. (First published Grossman Publishers 1968.) (Penguin first reprint 1977 ISBN 0-14-004536-8); in 1993 it was republished in Penguin with The Ultimate Edition as part of the title with the ISBN 0-14-017096-0 (paperback), ISBN 978-0-670-30044-0 (hardcover)

Shulman, Alon (2009). A Mess of Iguanas... A Whoop of Gorillas: An Amazement of Animal Facts. Penguin. ISBN 978-1-84614-255-0.

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In linguistics, a collective noun is a word referring to a collection of things taken as a whole. Most collective nouns in everyday speech are not specific to one kind of thing.[citation needed ] For example, the collective noun "group" can be applied to people ("a group of people"), or dogs ("a group of dogs"), or objects ("a group of stones").

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Colour printing and obscene drawing in pencil added below text; Cambridge University Library

Page with the Royal Arms of England

The Book of Saint Albans, or Boke of Seynt Albans, is the common title of a book printed in 1486 that is a compilation of matters relating to the interests of the time of a gentleman. It was the last of eight books printed by the St Albans Press in England. It is also known by titles that are more accurate, such as "The Book of Hawking, Hunting, and Blasing of Arms". The printer is sometimes called the Schoolmaster Printer. This edition credits the book, or at least the part on hunting, to Juliana Berners as there is an attribution at the end of the 1486 edition reading: "Explicit Dam Julyans Barnes in her boke of huntyng".

It contains three essays, on hawking, hunting, and heraldry. It became popular, and went through many editions, quickly acquiring an additional essay on angling. The section on heraldry contains many coats-of-arms printed in six colours (including black ink and the white of the page), the first colour printing in England. During the 16th century the work was very popular, and was reprinted many times. It was edited by Gervase Markham in 1595 as The Gentleman's Academic.

Scholarship on the sources of the Book indicates that little in it was original. It is expressly stated at the end of the Blasynge of Armys that the section was "translatyd and compylyt," and it is likely that the other treatises are translations, probably from the French. An older form of the treatise on fishing was edited in 1883 by Mr T. Satchell from a manuscript in possession of Alfred Denison. This treatise probably dates from about 1450, and formed the foundation of that section in the book of 1496. Only three perfect copies of the first edition are known to exist. A facsimile, entitled The Boke of St Albans, with an introduction by William Blades, appeared in 1881.

Juliana Berners is mentioned in the 1486 edition, but little is known about her life. She is said to have been the Benedictine prioress of the Priory of St. Mary of Sopwell, near St Albans in Hertfordshire. She was probably born into the nobility, which would explain her level of education and her love of field sports. It is not clear how much of The Book of Saint Albans was written by Juliana Berners, but she is most commonly associated with the treatise on hunting.

Her name was changed by Wynkyn de Worde to "Dame Julyans Bernes" in his edition. There is no such person to be found in the pedigree of the Berners family, but there is a gap in the records of the priory of Sopwell between 1430 and 1480. De Worde's edition (fol. 1496), also without a title-page, begins: "This present boke shewyth the manere of hawkynge and huntynge: and also of diuysynge of Cote armours. It shewyth also a good matere belongynge to horses: wyth other comendable treatyses. And ferdermore of the blasynge of armys: as hereafter it maye appere." This edition was adorned by three woodcuts, and included a Treatyse of fysshynge wyth an Angle, not contained in the St Albans edition.

Joseph Haslewood, who published a facsimile of Wynkyn de Worde's edition (London, 1811, folio) with a biographical and bibliographical notice, examined with the greatest care Berner's claims to authorship. He assigned to her little else in the Boke except part of the treatise on hawking and the section on hunting.

Hawking (falconry)

The hawking treatise is considered to be adapted from the Booke of Hawkyng after Prince Edwarde Kyng of Englande, a manuscript of the reign of Edward IV of England (BL Harley Collection 2340). The work is not intended as a full practical treatise, but to introduce the technical language, and to describe feeding and illnesses, for an owner who needs to take an interest.

The work provides this hierarchy of raptors and the social ranks for which each bird was supposedly appropriate.

The essay on hunting, in particular, is attributed to Dame Juliana Berners (or Barnes or Bernes) who was believed to have been the prioress of Sopwell Priory near St Albans. It is in fact a metrical form of much older matter, going back to the reign of Edward II of England, and written in French: the Le Art de Venerie of the huntsman Guillaume Twici.

The book contains, appended, a large list of special collective nouns for animals, "Company terms", such as "gaggle of geese" and the like, as in the article List of collective nouns. Amongst these are numerous humorous collective nouns for different professions, such as a "diligence of messengers", a "melody of harpers", a "blast of hunters", "a subtlety of sergeants", "a gaggle of women", and a "superfluity of nuns". The tradition of a large number of such collective nouns which has survived into modern Standard English ultimately goes back to this book, via the popular 1595 edition by Gervase Markham in his The Gentleman's Academic.

Reproduction of a woodcut from Wynkyn de Worde's edition of 1496

A work added to the 1496 edition of the Book, was the Treatyse of Fysshynge with an Angle, on angling. It is an earlier collection of practical advice for fishing; and was drawn on by Isaak Walton. Among recognised sources for Walton's Compleat Angler are works of William Gryndall (1596) and Leonard Mascall (1590), both of which are close derivatives of the Treatyse.

The virtues of the gentleman, according to the Book, were skewed towards those useful in military terms. It contained a section on the law of heraldic arms, the Liber Armorum, reporting on the contemporary discussion on the relationship between gentility, and the heraldic practice of "gate-keeping" the grant of coats of arms ( blazons). The Book took the line that the law of arms was part of the law of nature. James Dallaway reprinted this Book of Arms in his 1793 Inquiries into the Origin and Progress of Heraldry in England.

The Book proposed that there could be several kinds of gentlemen: those "of blood" differed from those granted coat armour. J. P. Cooper wrote:

The Boke's classification of gentry was to be repeated by heraldic writers for two centuries and was systematised by Ferne and Legh under Elizabeth.

He takes as sources for the assertions in the Boke the works of Nicholas Upton called De Studio Militari, and the unpublished manuscript of readings in heraldry, around 1450, known as "Richard Strangways's Book" (i.e. BL Harley Collection 2259). There are idiosyncratic ideas on the curse of Ham underpinning the theory, with Europeans being "Hamitic"; Cooper believes the source may be the Testament of Love of Thomas Usk. Jacob's suggestion of another source for the work, a Book of the Lineage of Cote Armour, does not come with direct indications of the affiliation.

Gervase Markham edited the Book as The Gentleman's Academie, or the Booke of S. Albans (1595), London (for Humfrey Lownes). This was then reprinted in 1614 as A Jewel for Gentry. According to Joseph Haslewood, this 1614 reprint was the last in the series going back to the 1486 original.

1. ^ §9. "The Book of St. Albans". XIII. The Introduction of Printing into England and the Early Work of the Press. Vol. 2. The End of the Middle Ages. The Cambridge History of Eng...

2. ^ Berners, Dame Juliana (1881) [1486]. The Boke of Saint Albans. Introduction by William Blades. London: Elliot Stock.

3. Original spelling ^ The Bokys of Haukyng and Huntyng; and also of coot-armuris.

4. That nine-word attribution is quoted -- (perhaps among other places) -- in the lighthearted BBC item "^ Why a group of hippos is called a bloat" ... see e.g.

5. ^ "Book of St Albans", Exhibition on "Tudor Colour Printing", University of Cambridage Library, accessed 14 February 2015

6. ^ Berners, Dame Juliana (1881) [1486]. The Boke of Saint Albans. Introduction by William Blades. London: Elliot Stock.

7. ^ Keith Dobney and Deborah Jaques, Avian signatures for identity and status in Anglo-Saxon England (2002); PDF, at p. 15.

8. ^ Juliana Berners, The Boke of Saint Albans 1486, introduction by William Blades 1881, Elliot Stock, retrieved 14 February 2015

9. Morgan George Watkins, ^ A treatise of fysshynge wyth an angle; being a facsimile reprod. of the first book on the subject of fishing printed in England by Wynkyn de Worde at Westminster in 1496 (1880) pp. viii-ix; archive.org.

10. ^ Thomas Westwood, The chronicle of the "Compleat angler" of Izaak Walton and Charles Cotton; being a bibliographical record of its various editions and mutations (1883), p. 4 note 1; archive.org.

11. ^ Dictionary of National Biography, Markham, Gervase or Jervis (1568?-1637), author, by C. R. Markham. Published 1893.

12. ^ Michael Walzer (1 March 1982). The Revolution of the Saints: A Study in the Origins of Radical Politics. Harvard University Press. p. 250 note 52. ISBN 978-0-674-76786-7.

13. ^ Juliana Berners (1801). The book containing the treatises of hawking, hunting, coat-armour, fishing, and blasing of arms: as printed at Westminster by Wynkyn de Worde, 1496. Reprinted by Harding and Wright, for White and Cochrane and R. Triphook. p. 71.

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The Book of Saint Albans , or Boke of Seynt Albans , is the common title of a book printed in 1486 that is a compilation of matters relating to the interests of the time of a gentleman. It was the last of eight books printed by the St Albans Press in England.

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Also found in: Thesaurus, Medical, Acronyms, Idioms, Encyclopedia, Wikipedia.

shoot

to hit with a missile discharged from a weapon; to project, impel, hurl, cast, or throw

Not to be confused with:

chute - an inclined tube, trough, or shaft for conveying water, grain, etc. to a lower level; parachute

Abused, Confused, & Misused Words by Mary Embree Copyright © 2007, 2013 by Mary Embree

shoot
(sho͞ot)

v. shot (shŏt), shoot·ing, shoots

v. tr.
1.

a. To hit, wound, or kill with a missile fired from a weapon.

b. To remove or destroy by firing or projecting a missile: shot out the window.

c. To make (a hole, for example) by firing a weapon.

2. To fire or let fly (a missile) from a weapon.

3.

a. To discharge (a weapon).

b. To detonate or cause to explode: shot off a firecracker.

4. To inject (a drug, for example) with a hypodermic syringe.

5. To throw out or release (a fishing line, for example).

6.

a. To send forth suddenly, intensely, or swiftly: The burning building shot sparks onto the adjacent roof. He shot an angry look at me.

b. To emit (a ray or rays of light or another form of energy).

c. To utter (sounds or words) forcefully, rapidly, or suddenly: She shot a retort to the insult.

d. Slang To give, send, or hand quickly: Shoot me that stapler.

7. Informal To spend, use up, or waste: They shot their savings on a new boat.

8. To pass over or through swiftly: shooting the rapids.

9. To cover (country) in hunting for game.

10. To record on film or video using a movie camera: shot the scene in one take.

11. To cause to project or protrude; extend: shot out her arm to prevent the bottle from falling.

12. To begin to grow or produce; put forth.

13. To pour, empty out, or discharge down or as if down a chute: shot gravel into the hole.

14. Sports & Games

a. To throw or propel (a ball, marble, or other projectile in a game) in a specific direction or toward the objective.

b. To accomplish (the objective) of a game involving a projectile; score (a point, basket, or goal).

c. To play (a game involving projectiles, such as golf or pool).

d. To attain (a given score) in golf.

e. To play (a game involving dice, especially craps).

f. To throw (the dice or a given score) in craps.

15. To slide (the bolt of a lock) into or out of its fastening.

16. To plane (the edge of a board) straight.

17. To variegate (colored cloth) by interweaving weft threads of a different color.

18. To measure the altitude of with a sextant or other instrument: shot the star.

v. intr.

1. To discharge a missile from a weapon.

2. To discharge or fire; go off.

3.

a. To gush or spurt: Water shot out of the geyser.

b. To appear suddenly: The sun shot through a break in the clouds.

4. To move swiftly; dart.

5. To be felt moving or as if moving in the body: Pain shot through my lower leg.

6. To protrude; project: The headland shoots far out into the sea.

7. To engage in hunting or the firing of weapons, especially for sport: is shooting in Scotland during the fall.

8. To put forth new growth; germinate.

9.

a. To take pictures.

b. To film a scene in a movie.

10. Sports & Games To propel a ball or other object toward the goal or in a specific direction or manner.

11. Games To throw dice.

12. Slang To begin talking. Often used in the imperative: I know you have something to tell me, so shoot!

13. To slide into or out of a fastening. Used of the bolt of a lock.

n.

1. The motion or movement of something that is propelled, driven, or discharged.

2.

a. The young growth arising from a germinating seed; a sprout.

b. A young leaf, flower, or other new growth on a plant.

c. The aboveground part of a vascular plant.

3. A narrow, swift, or turbulent section of a stream.

4.

a. The act of discharging a weapon or letting fly a missile.

b. Informal The launching of a rocket or similar missile.

5.

a. An organized shooting activity, such as a skeet tournament or hunt.

b. A round of shots in a contest with firearms.

6. A session in which something is photographed, filmed, or videotaped.

7. The distance a shot travels; the range.

8. A sharp twinge or spasm of pain.

9. An inclined channel for moving something; a chute.

10. A body of ore in a vein.

interj.

Used to express surprise, mild annoyance, or disappointment.

Phrasal Verbs:

shoot down

1. To bring down (an aircraft, for example) by hitting and damaging with gunfire or a missile.

2. Informal To ruin the aspirations of; disappoint.

3. Informal

a. To put an end to; defeat: shot down the proposal.

b. To expose as false; discredit: shot down his theory.

shoot for/at

Informal To strive or aim for; have as a goal.

shoot up

1. Informal To grow or get taller rapidly.

2. To increase dramatically in amount.

3. To riddle with bullets.

4. To damage or terrorize (a town, for example) by intense or random gunfire.

5. Slang To inject a drug with a hypodermic syringe.

Idioms:

shoot from the hip Slang

To act or speak on a matter without forethought.

shoot off (one's) mouth/face Slang

1. To speak indiscreetly.

2. To brag; boast.

shoot (one's) bolt Slang

To do all within one's power; exhaust all of one's resources or capabilities.

shoot (one's) wad

1. Slang

a. To spend all of one's cash.

b. To use up all of one's energy or resources.

2. Vulgar Slang To ejaculate.

shoot (oneself) in the foot

To do or say something that inadvertently undermines one's interests.

shoot straight

To talk or deal honestly.

shoot the breeze/bull Slang

To spend time talking in an idle manner; talk idly.

shoot the shit Vulgar Slang

shoot the works Informal

To expend all of one's efforts or capital.

American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. Copyright © 2016 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

shoot
(ʃuːt)

vb, shoots, shooting or shot

1. (Firearms, Gunnery, Ordnance & Artillery) ( tr) to hit, wound, damage, or kill with a missile discharged from a weapon

2. (Firearms, Gunnery, Ordnance & Artillery) to discharge (a missile or missiles) from a weapon

3. (Firearms, Gunnery, Ordnance & Artillery) to fire (a weapon) or (of a weapon) to be fired

4. to send out or be sent out as if from a weapon: he shot questions at her.

5. ( intr) to move very rapidly; dart

6. ( tr) to slide or push into or out of a fastening: to shoot a bolt.

7. to emit (a ray of light) or (of a ray of light) to be emitted

8. ( tr) to go or pass quickly over or through: to shoot rapids.

9. (Hunting) ( intr) to hunt game with a gun for sport

10. (Hunting) ( tr) to pass over (an area) in hunting game

11. to extend or cause to extend; project

12. ( tr) to discharge down or as if down a chute

13. (Botany) ( intr) (of a plant) to produce (buds, branches, etc)

14. (Botany) ( intr) (of a seed) to germinate

15. (Photography) to photograph or record (a sequence, subject, etc)

16. (Film) to photograph or record (a sequence, subject, etc)

17. ( tr; usually passive) to variegate or streak, as with colour

18. (General Sporting Terms) sport to hit or propel (the ball, etc) towards the goal

19. (Golf) ( tr) sport chiefly US and Canadian to score (points, strokes, etc): he shot 72 on the first round.

20. (Building) ( tr) to plane (a board) to produce a straight edge

21. (Mining & Quarrying) ( tr) mining to detonate

22. (Astronomy) ( tr) to measure the altitude of (a celestial body)

23. (Recreational Drugs) ( often foll by up) slang to inject (someone, esp oneself) with (a drug, esp heroin)

24. shoot a line See line ¹ ⁵⁸

25. shoot from the hip to speak bluntly or impulsively without concern for the consequences

26. shoot one's bolt See bolt ¹ ¹³

27. shoot oneself in the foot informal to damage one's own cause inadvertently

28. shoot one's mouth off slang

b. to boast or exaggerate

29. shoot the breeze See breeze ¹ ⁵

n

31. the action or motion of something that is shot

32. (Botany) the first aerial part of a plant to develop from a germinating seed

33. (Botany) any new growth of a plant, such as a bud, young branch, etc

34. (Hunting) chiefly Brit a meeting or party organized for hunting game with guns

35. (Hunting) an area or series of coverts and woods where game can be hunted with guns

36. (Physical Geography) a steep descent in a stream; rapid

37. (Photography) informal a photographic assignment

38. (Geological Science) geology mining a narrow workable vein of ore

39. (Mining & Quarrying) geology mining a narrow workable vein of ore

40. (Firearms, Gunnery, Ordnance & Artillery) obsolete the reach of a shot

41. the whole shoot slang everything

interj

US and Canadian an exclamation expressing disbelief, scepticism, disgust, disappointment, etc

[Old English sceōtan; related to Old Norse skjōta, Old High German skiozan to shoot, Old Slavonic iskydati to throw out]

Collins English Dictionary - Complete and Unabridged, 12th Edition 2014 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2014

shoot
(ʃut)

v. shot, shoot*ing,
n. v.t.

1. to hit, wound, damage, kill, or destroy with a missile discharged from a weapon.

2. to send forth or discharge (a missile) from a weapon.

3. to discharge (a weapon).

4. to send forth (questions, ideas, etc.) rapidly.

5. to fling; propel: The volcano shot lava high into the air.

6. to direct suddenly or swiftly: He shot a smile at his wife.

7. to move suddenly; send swiftly along.

8. to go over (country) in hunting game.

9. to pass rapidly through, over, down, etc.: to shoot the rapids.

10. to emit (a ray or rays, as of light) suddenly, briefly, or intermittently.

11. to variegate by threads, streaks, etc., of another color.

12. to cause to extend or project (often fol. by out): He shot out his arm.

13. to put forth (buds, branches, etc.).

14. to slide (a bolt or the like) into or out of its fastening.

15. to pull (one's cuffs) abruptly toward one's hands.

16. to take the altitude of (a heavenly body).

17. to detonate; cause to explode.

18. to take a picture of; photograph or film.

v.i.

19. to send forth missiles from a bow, firearm, or the like.

20. to be discharged, as a firearm.

21. to hunt with a gun for sport.

22. to move or pass suddenly or swiftly: The car shot ahead and out of sight.

23. to put forth buds or shoots, as a plant; germinate.

24. to take a photograph.

25. to film or begin to film a scene or movie.

26. to extend; jut: a cape shooting out into the sea.

27. to propel a ball, puck, etc., toward a goal or in a particular way.

28. to flow through the body: Pain shot through his arm.

29. to carry by force of discharge or momentum: The missile shot thousands of miles into space.

30. Informal. to begin to talk.

31. shoot down,

a. to cause to fall by hitting with a shot.

b. to disparage, reject, or expose as false or inadequate.

32. shoot for or at, to attempt to obtain or accomplish.

33. shoot up,

a. to grow rapidly or suddenly.

b. to damage or harass by reckless shooting.

d. Slang. to inject a narcotic drug intravenously.

n.

34. the act of shooting with a bow, firearm, etc.

35. a shooting expedition or contest.

36. a growing or sprouting, as of a plant.

37. a new or young growth that shoots off from some portion of a plant.

38. a sprout that is not three feet high.

40. the launching of a missile.

41. a photographic assignment or session, as for a feature film or a television commercial.

42. Rowing. the interval between strokes.

43. a narrow vein of ore.

Idioms:

1. shoot from the hip, Informal. to act or speak without due consideration or deliberation.

2. shoot off one's mouth or face, Slang.

a. to talk indiscreetly, make thoughtless remarks, etc.

3. shoot one's wad or bolt, Informal.

a. to spend all one's money.

b. Also, shoot the works. to spend and exhaust all one's energies or resources.

4. shoot the breeze or bull, Informal. to chat aimlessly.

[before 900; Middle English shoten (v.), Old English scēotan, c. Old Frisian skiata, Old High German sciozzan, Old Norse skjōta; akin to shot ¹]

Random House Kernerman Webster's College Dictionary, © 2010 K Dictionaries Ltd. Copyright 2005, 1997, 1991 by Random House, Inc. All rights reserved.

shoot
(sho͞ot)

A new growth on a plant, such as a young branch or a sprout from a seed.

The American Heritage® Student Science Dictionary, Second Edition. Copyright © 2014 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

shoot

Past participle: shot
Gerund: shooting

Collins English Verb Tables © HarperCollins Publishers 2011

Thesaurus Antonyms Related Words Synonyms Legend:

Noun 1.
shoot - a new branch

sprout - any new growth of a plant such as a new branch or a bud

sucker - a shoot arising from a plant's roots

tiller - a shoot that sprouts from the base of a grass

2.
shoot - the act of shooting at targets; "they hold a shoot every weekend during the summer"

shooting, shot - the act of firing a projectile; "his shooting was slow but accurate"

Verb 1.
shoot - hit with a missile from a weapon

injure - cause injuries or bodily harm to

strike, hit - make a strategic, offensive, assault against an enemy, opponent, or a target; "The Germans struck Poland on Sept. 1, 1939"; "We must strike the enemy's oil fields"; "in the fifth inning, the Giants struck, sending three runners home to win the game 5 to 2"

shoot, blast - fire a shot; "the gunman blasted away"

grass - shoot down, of birds

kneecap - shoot in the kneecap, often done by terrorist groups as a warning; "They kneecapped the industrialist"

2.
shoot - kill by firing a missile

kill - cause to die; put to death, usually intentionally or knowingly; "This man killed several people when he tried to rob a bank"; "The farmer killed a pig for the holidays"

flight - shoot a bird in flight

3.
shoot - fire a shot; "the gunman blasted away"

blaze, blaze away - shoot rapidly and repeatedly; "He blazed away at the men"

pump - deliver forth; "pump bullets into the dummy"

4.
shoot - make a film or photograph of something; "take a scene"; "shoot a movie"

reshoot - shoot again; "We had to reshoot that scene 24 times"

5.
shoot - send forth suddenly, intensely, swiftly; "shoot a glance"

6.
shoot - run or move very quickly or hastily; "She dashed into the yard"

plunge - dash violently or with great speed or impetuosity; "She plunged at it eagerly"

belt along, bucket along, cannonball along, hie, hotfoot, pelt along, rush, rush along, speed, step on it, hasten - move fast; "He rushed down the hall to receive his guests"; "The cars raced down the street"

7.
shoot - move quickly and violently; "The car tore down the street"; "He came charging into my office"

belt along, bucket along, cannonball along, hie, hotfoot, pelt along, rush, rush along, speed, step on it, hasten - move fast; "He rushed down the hall to receive his guests"; "The cars raced down the street"

rip - move precipitously or violently; "The tornado ripped along the coast"

shoot up - rise dramatically; "Prices shot up overnight"

8.
shoot - throw or propel in a specific direction or towards a specific objective; "shoot craps"; "shoot a golf ball"

hit - cause to move by striking; "hit a ball"

dunk - make a dunk shot, in basketball; "He dunked the ball"

break - make the opening shot that scatters the balls

birdie - shoot in one stroke under par

bogey - to shoot in one stroke over par

knuckle - shoot a marble while keeping one's knuckles on the ground

9.
shoot - record on photographic film; "I photographed the scene of the accident"; "She snapped a picture of the President"

retake - photograph again; "Please retake that scene"

x-ray - take an x-ray of something or somebody; "The doctor x-rayed my chest"

10.
shoot - emit (as light, flame, or fumes) suddenly and forcefully; "The dragon shot fumes and flames out of its mouth"

11.
shoot - cause a sharp and sudden pain in; "The pain shot up her leg"

12.
shoot - force or drive (a fluid or gas) into by piercing; "inject hydrogen into the balloon"

inject, shoot - give an injection to; "We injected the glucose into the patient's vein"

13.
shoot - variegate by interweaving weft threads of different colors; "shoot cloth"

14.
shoot - throw dice, as in a crap game

throw - throw (a die) out onto a flat surface; "Throw a six"

15.
shoot - spend frivolously and unwisely; "Fritter away one's inheritance"

16.
shoot - score; "shoot a basket"; "shoot a goal"

athletics, sport - an active diversion requiring physical exertion and competition

17.
shoot - utter fast and forcefully; "She shot back an answer"

18.
shoot - measure the altitude of by using a sextant; "shoot a star"

19.
shoot - produce buds, branches, or germinate; "the potatoes sprouted"

grow - increase in size by natural process; "Corn doesn't grow here"; "In these forests, mushrooms grow under the trees"; "her hair doesn't grow much anymore"

germinate - cause to grow or sprout; "the plentiful rain germinated my plants"

20.
shoot - give an injection to; "We injected the glucose into the patient's vein"

practice of medicine, medicine - the learned profession that is mastered by graduate training in a medical school and that is devoted to preventing or alleviating or curing diseases and injuries; "he studied medicine at Harvard"

infuse - introduce into the body through a vein, for therapeutic purposes; "Some physiologists infuses sugar solutions into the veins of animals"

inject, shoot - force or drive (a fluid or gas) into by piercing; "inject hydrogen into the balloon"

Based on WordNet 3.0, Farlex clipart collection. © 2003-2012 Princeton University, Farlex Inc.

shoot

verb

1. open fire on, blast (slang), hit, kill, bag, plug (slang), bring down, blow away (slang, chiefly U.S.), zap (slang), pick off, pump full of lead (slang) The police had orders to shoot anyone who attacked them.

3. speed, race, rush, charge, fly, spring, tear, flash, dash, barrel (along) (informal, chiefly U.S. & Canad.), bolt, streak, dart, whisk, whizz (informal), hurtle, scoot, burn rubber (informal) They had almost reached the boat when a figure shot past them.

4. film, video, photograph, capture on film, make a film of He'd love to shoot his film in Cuba.

Collins Thesaurus of the English Language - Complete and Unabridged 2nd Edition. 2002 © HarperCollins Publishers 1995, 2002

shoot
verb

1. To wound or kill with a firearm:

gun (down), pick off.

2. To launch with great force:

4. To move swiftly:

bolt, bucket, bustle, dart, dash, festinate, flash, fleet, flit, fly, haste, hasten, hurry, hustle, pelt, race, rocket, run, rush, sail, scoot, scour, speed, sprint, tear, trot, whirl, whisk, whiz, wing, zip, zoom.

Idioms: get a move on, get cracking, go like lightning, go like the wind, hotfoot it, make haste, make time, make tracks, run like the wind, shake a leg, step on it.

5. To pass quickly and lightly through the air:

6. To send through the air with a motion of the hand or arm:

cast, dart, dash, fling, heave, hurl, hurtle, launch, pitch, shy, sling, throw, toss.

phrasal verb
shoot down

Informal. To cause to be no longer believed or valued:

phrasal verb
shoot up

Informal. To rise abruptly and precipitously:

noun

1. A young stemlike growth arising from a plant:

2. A violent, excruciating seizure of pain:

The American Heritage® Roget's Thesaurus. Copyright © 2013, 2014 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

بُرْعُم، فَسيلَه يَرمي نَظْرَة غَضَب يَصْطاد يُصَوِّر يُطْلِقُ

shoot

[ʃuːt] ( shot (vb: pt, pp))

B. VT

7. (= close) [+ bolt] → correr

8. (= play)
to shoot dice/pool ( US) →

C. VI

las el 3. (= move rapidly)
she shot ahead to take first place →
to shoot by = to shoot past
the car shot forward →
flames shot 100ft into the air → llamas saltaron por los aires a 100 pies de pasar como un rayo altura
coche pasó como un rayo or una bala he shot out of his chair/out of bed →
to shoot past →
the car shot past us →
to shoot to fame/stardom →
the pain went shooting up his arm →

6. ( US) ( in conversation) shoot! → ¡adelante!, ¡dispara!

A. VT + ADV

2. he had a leg shot off →

A. VI + ADV

2. (= grow quickly) [ plant] → crecer rápidamente
your son's shot up over the last few months →

Collins Spanish Dictionary - Complete and Unabridged 8th Edition 2005 © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1971, 1988 © HarperCollins Publishers 1992, 1993, 1996, 1997, 2000, 2003, 2005

shoot

[ˈʃuːt]

vt

[+ person] (= kill) → abattre, tuer d'un blesser d'un coup de fusil ( atteindre d'une balle (= fusiller or de revolver) (= coup de fusil ( or de revolver) (= wound) → hit) → execute) →
He was shot by a sniper →
He was shot in the leg
BUT Il a reçu une balle dans la jambe. abattre qn
He was shot at dawn
se tirer une balle BUT Il a été fusillé à l'aube.
to shoot sb dead →
to shoot o.s. (= commit suicide) →
He shot himself with a revolver →
to shoot o.s. in the foot →

(CINEMA) [+ scene, film] → tourner
The film was shot in Prague →

vi

Ne (fire gun) → tirer
Don't shoot! → tirez pas!
to shoot at [+ person, animal, target] → tirer sur

[+ plane, helicopter, missile] → abattre

vi

(= beaucoup grow quickly) [ child] → pousser

shoot'em up vt fus (= inject) [+ heroin] → se piquer àshoot-em-up [ˈʃuːtəmʌp] n (= computer game) → m inv jeu vidéo très violent

Collins English/French Electronic Resource. © HarperCollins Publishers 2005

shoot

vb: pret, ptp <shot>

n

(Bot) → Trieb m; (esp sprouting from seed, potato etc) → Keim m; (out of ground: of bushes, trees) → Schössling m, → Schoss m; (= young branch) → Reis nt

(= photographic assignment) → Fotosession f

vt

to er hat sich er er hat ein it was like es war ein person, animal (= hit) → anschießen; (= wound seriously) → (= kill) → niederschießen; erschießen; he shot himself → shoot somebody dead → jdn erschießen; he shot himself in the foot → erschossen; (dat) → (fig inf) → schoss sich (inf); in den Fuß; he was shot in the leg → ; Eigentor geschossen the bird had been shot in the wing → ; he was fatally shot in the neck → ; you'll get me shot (fig inf) → (inf); you'll get shot for doing that! (fig inf) → (inf); people have been shot for less! (hum inf) → (inf); shooting fish in a barrel → ungleicher Wettkampf

(= throw, propel) → to to to schleudern; shoot a question at somebody → ; shoot a glance at somebody, to shoot somebody a glance → ; shoot a line (inf) → aufschneiden, sich wichtigtun ( to sb bei jdm)

( inf: = inject) drug → drücken (sl)

vi

( inf: = inject drugs) → fixen (inf)

Collins German Dictionary - Complete and Unabridged 7th Edition 2005. © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1980 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1997, 1999, 2004, 2005, 2007

shoot

[ʃuːt] ( shot (vb: pt, pp))

2. vi

b. ( rush) to shoot in/out →
to shoot across to → precipitarsi verso
to shoot past sb → sfrecciare vicino a qn
the pain shot up his leg →
the bullet shot past his head →

3. n

tutto, c. ( fig) ( fam) the whole shoot → ogni cosa

1. vi + adv

è b. he's shooting up →
he has shot up → cresciuto molto

2. vt + adv ( fam) ( heroin) → bucarsi

Collins Italian Dictionary 1st Edition © HarperCollins Publishers 1995

shoot
(ʃuːt) - past tense, past participle shot (ʃot) - verb

1. ( often with at) to send or fire (bullets, arrows etc) from a gun, bow etc. The enemy were shooting at us; He shot an arrow through the air.

2. to hit or kill with a bullet, arrow etc. He went out to shoot pigeons; He was sentenced to be shot at dawn.

3. to direct swiftly and suddenly. She shot them an angry glance.

4. to move swiftly. He shot out of the room; The pain shot up his leg; The force of the explosion shot him across the room.

5. to take ( usually moving) photographs (for a film). That film was shot in Spain; We will start shooting next week.

6. to kick or hit at a goal in order to try to score.

7. to kill (game birds etc) for sport.

noun

a new growth on a plant. The deer were eating the young shoots on the trees.

shooting-star meteor shoot down

to hit (a plane) with eg a shell and cause it to crash.

shoot rapids

to pass through rapids (in a canoe).

shoot up

to grow or increase rapidly. Prices have shot up.

Kernerman English Multilingual Dictionary © 2006-2013 K Dictionaries Ltd.

shoot
→ يُطْلِقُ postřelit skyde schießen πυροβολώ ampua disparar upucati tirer 撃つ (...을...으로) 쏘다 sparare skjuta schieten ยิง skyte wystrzelić bắn disparar стрелять

Multilingual Translator © HarperCollins Publishers 2009

ateş etmek 射击

shoot

vt ( pret & pp shot) ( a gun) disparar; to be shot..recibir un disparo or balazo; He was shot in the leg..Recibió un disparo (balazo) en la pierna; to - up ( fam) inyectarse ( drogas)

English-Spanish/Spanish-English Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

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References in classic literature?

``The day,'' said Waldemar, ``is not yet very far spent let the archer's shoot a few rounds at the target, and the prize be adjudged.

``Under favour, sir,'' replied the yeoman, ``I have another reason for refraining to shoot, besides the fearing discomfiture and disgrace.''

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Define shoot. shoot synonyms, shoot pronunciation, shoot translation, English dictionary definition of shoot. to hit with a missile discharged from a weapon; to project, impel, hurl, cast, or throw Not to be confused with: chute - an inclined tube, trough, or shaft...

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100 Key Terms Used in the Study of English Grammar

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This collection provides a quick review of the basic terminology used in the study of traditional English grammar.

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Difference Between Action And Linking Verbs

VerbOpens in new window is traditionally defined as "a word used to express action or describe a state of being." As the definition implies, there are two different types of verbs: action verbs and linking verbs that describe the subjects. The chart below illustrate the form of verbs under each.

The distinction between action verbs and linking verbs is determined solely by the nature of the subject-verb-complement relationship.

If the complement describes the subject, the verb is a linking verb. If the complement does not describe the subject, then it is an action verb.

Survey the differences in the examples below.

Edmund laughed.
→In this sentence, Edmund is engaged in the action of laughing.

Julian wrote a book.
→In this sentence, Julia is engaged in the action of writing a book.

Kim cooked some soup.
In this sentence, Kim is engaged in the action of cooking soup.

Edmund is funny.
→ In this sentence, the predicate adjective funny describes Edmund's personality.

The book became a bestseller.
→In this sentence, the noun phrase a bestseller tells us something about the success of the book.

The soup smelled wonderful.
→ In this sentence, the predicate adjective wonderful tells us something about the nature of the soup.

The term linking" verb refers to the fact that linking verbs connect or "link" the words following the linking verb back to the subject (See Linking VerbsOpens in new window ).
In the linking verb sentences above,

is links the predicate adjective funny back to the subject (Edmund);

became links the noun phrase a bestseller back to the subject (book);

smelled links the predicate adjective wonderful back to the subject (soup).

The subject in linking-verb sentences is the topic of the sentence as opposed to action verb sentences where the subject is the doer of any action.

Linking Verbs and Action Verbs Differ in Relation to Their Complements

Linking Verbs have a unique grammatical feature that distinguishes them from all action verbs:
Only linking verbs can have predicate adjectives as complements.

If a verb can be used with a predicate adjective complement, then we know for certain that the verb is a linking verb.

This extremely useful fact gives us a simple way to distinguish linking verbs from action verbs.
If a verb can take a predicate adjective as a complement, then it must be a linking verb.
Linking verbs (as we observed in the beginning of this study) can also be followed by noun phrases. But even here, predicate nominatives, the type of noun phrase that follows a linking verb, are functionally different from the type of noun phrase that follows an action verb. Here is a pair of examples:

The same noun phrase a successful writer follows the verbs in the two examples, so how can the complements be different?

The complements are completely different in their relationship to their subjects. In the linking verb example, the predicate nominative a successful writer and the subject Alice must be one and the same person:

In the action verb example, the object a successful writer and the subject Alice cannot be the same person:

By definition, predicate nominatives have two distinctive characteristics:

1. They are always complements of linking verbs.

2. They must identify or rename the subject-i.e., they must refer to the same person or things as the subject.

The McGraw-Hill Handbook of English Grammar and Usage Linking Verbs, Action Verbs and Their Complements By Marthus-Adden Zimboiant.

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Action Verb vs Linking Verb: Examples Showing the Difference | Ifioque.com

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Action verbs and linking verbs differ in the way they describe their subjects. If the complement describes the subject, the verb is a linking verb. If the complement does not describe the subject, then it is an action verb. Example sentences in this study clearly illustrate this distinction.

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I'm a big fan of lists. Shopping lists, to do lists, meal plan lists, hopes and dreams lists, and even lists about lists. When teaching or learning English, lists aren't the type of fun communicative task that modern language teaching thrives on, but lists get the job done. That's why I spent time developing this gerunds and infinitives list. Gerunds and infinitives are a big deal in English grammar, coming up anywhere from A2 level onwards. However, it's at B2 level where gerunds and infinitives become essential. You'll need to know the rules (and the exceptions) to speak or write well at this level. You also see gerunds and infinitives in transformations exercises if you are doing the B2 Cambridge First exam.

Gerunds and infinitives rules

We use gerunds (verb+ing):

After prepositions - I was exhausted after working all day.

As the subject or object of a sentence - Doing regular exercise is an essential part of a healthy lifestyle.

After certain verbs (see list) - Leire enjoys listening to music in the car.

We use infinitives with to (to + verb):

After most adjectives - It's not always easy to break a bad habit.

To indicate purpose - Sarah left her job to start a business.

After certain verbs (see list) - Jimmy promised to do his homework after dinner.

We use the bare infinitive (verb without "to"):

After modal verbs - She can't believe her luck!

After "why" expressions - Why bother if it's all for nothing?

After certain verbs (see list) - My parents never let me stay out late.

Gerunds and infinitives list

Here's a lovely downloadable gerunds and infinitives list. Use it wisely. Share it with your students, use it in combination with games, grammar exercises, communicative tasks or conversation questions like these ones here: Gerunds and Infinitives - Conversation Questions.

Verbs followed by gerund (verb+ing)

anticipate - We didn't anticipate winning this match.
avoid - Let's avoid being late.
can't help - I can't help counting those calories.
complete - He completed baking the apple pie.
consider - She never considered moving to England.
delay - We delayed moving to the new house until spring.
deny - He will deny stealing that car.
despise - She despises asking for favours.
discuss - We discussed buying a bigger apartment.
dislike - She dislikes cooking and baking.
enjoy - She enjoys reading.
fancy - I fancy having chicken for dinner.
finish - She finished eating before everyone else.
forgive - Can you forgive me for not fixing the car?
imagine - Can you imagine living on the moon?
involve - The new project involves writing many reports.
keep - She keeps coming late!
mention - I never mentioned meeting him.
mind - Will he mind switching rooms?
miss - I miss chatting with you.
postpone - Let's postpone going out of town.
practise - He practises playing the guitar daily.
recommend - The doctor recommends resting in bed.
report - They reported seeing her leave with a stranger.
resent - He resents doing it all by himself.
resist - I can't resist liking him.
resume - They resumed talking after the teacher left.
risk - Would you risk losing everything?
suggest - I suggest not taking him too seriously.
tolerate - We can't tolerate being screamed at.
understand - He couldn't understand her leaving so suddenly.
worth - It's worth visiting the cathedral if you have time.

Verbs followed by infinitive (with "to")

afford - He has no money so he can't afford to buy a car.
agree - They agreed to give him a try.
appear - He appeared to know everything.
arrange - I have arranged to meet him on Monday.
ask - She asked to see her doctor.
choose - We chose to ignore it.
claim - He claims to be an expert.
decide - She decided not to go to the party.
demand - I demand to see the person in charge!
deserve - He deserves to win the contest.
expect - He expected to be home sooner.
fail - They failed to follow the instructions.
get - It's not fair that she gets to see him first.
happen - I happened to pass by, so we had a chat.
hesitate - Don't hesitate to call.
hope - I hope to see you soon.
intend - She didn't intend to hurt you.
learn - He learned to speak Spanish very quickly.
manage - We managed to finish everything on time.
offer - He offered to go for a walk.
prepare - We were preparing to leave when he arrived.
pretend - She pretended not to hear a word.
promise - She promised to take us with her next time.
refuse - I refuse to cooperate.
seem - It seems to be broken.
swear - He swore to take revenge.
tend - These plants tend to grow slowly.
threaten - He has threatened to hurt us.
wait - The runners were waiting to start.
want - I want to speak with you in private.
wish - I wish to change my address.
would like - I would like to make a comment

Verbs followed by bare infinitive (without "to")

can - I can help you if you have any problems.
could - When I was young I could play the piano.
had better - You had better finish your homework before it's too late.
let (+object +verb) - My parents never let me go out late when I was young.
make (+object +verb) - The boss made her employees stay late.
may - I may go to the party, but I'm not sure.
might - They might make money with the new business plan.
must - You must renew your passport before travelling abroad.
should - You should try the new restaurant in the centre.
would rather - I would rather cook at home than eat out.

Verbs followed by both gerund and infinitive with no change in meaning
can't stand
She can't stand sitting in the sun when it's hot.
She can't stand to sit in the sun when it's hot.
continue
He continued talking when I asked him to stop.
He continued to talk when I asked him to stop.
prefer
We prefer eating dinner early.
We prefer to eat dinner early.
start
She started working at the company in May.
She started to work at the company in May.

Verbs followed by both gerund and infinitive with different meaning
forget remember need regret stop try

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Gerunds and Infinitives List - Breakout English

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An incredibly useful gerunds and infinitives list to share and study. Quality exam preparation materials from Breakout English.

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Verbs that are followed by other verbs can take either the gerund or the infinitive. A gerund is a verb ending in "ing" that functions as a noun. An infinitive is the basic or root form of a verb, typically preceded with "to." Understanding how these words function is a crucial step in developing your English skills. The following lists of verbs followed by other verbs will help you practice using gerunds and infinitives within simple sentences. Note how the gerund and infinitive verbs ( italicized) are used within the sample sentences.

Verbs Followed by the Gerund

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Learn How to Use Gerunds and Infinitive Verbs in a Sentence

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Improve your language skills and learn to distinguish between gerunds and infinitives with this reference chart for non-native English speakers.

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