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The first major battle in the American Civil War to take place on Northern soil. It was the bloodiest single-day battle in American history, with almost 23,000 casualties. After this "win" for the North, Lincoln announced the Emancipation Proclamation

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1862 - Provided free land in the West to anyone willing to settle there and develop it. Encouraged westward migration.

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1854 - anti-slavery Whigs and Democrats, Free Soilers and reformers from the Northwest met and formed party in order to keep slavery out of the territories

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A large battle in the American Civil War, took place in southern Pennsylvania from July 1 to July 3, 1863. The battle is named after the town on the battlefield. Union General George G. Meade led an army of about 90,000 men to victory against General Robert E. Lee's Confederate army of about 75,000. Gettysburg is the war's most famous battle because of its large size, high cost in lives, location in a northern state, and for President Abraham Lincoln's Gettysburg Address.

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A conflict in which the participating countries devote all their resources to the war effort

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1862 legislation to encourage the construction of a transcontinental railroad, connecting the West to industries in the Northeast (Union Pacific and Central Pacific RR)

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States cannot deny any person the right to vote because of race.

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Compromise that enables Hayes to take office in return for the end of Reconstruction

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This was Lincoln's reconstruction plan for after the Civil War. Written in 1863, it proclaimed that a state could be reintegrated into the Union when 10% of its voters in the 1860 election pledged their allegiance to the U.S. and pledged to abide by emancipation, and then formally erect their state governments. This plan was very lenient to the South, would have meant an easy reconstruction.

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Tax paid to the state, federal, and local governments based on income earned over the past year.

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Fair treatment through the normal judicial system, especially as a citizen's entitlement.

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Issued by President Abraham Lincoln January 1, 1863, as America approached the third year of civil war. Declared "that all persons held as slaves" within the rebellious states "are, and henceforward shall be free.

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compulsory enlistment for state service, typically into the armed forces.

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Union war plan by Winfield Scott, called for blockade of southern coast, capture of Richmond, capture Mississippi R, and to take an army through heart of south

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A 3-minute address by Abraham Lincoln during the American Civil War (November 19, 1963) at the dedication of a national cemetery on the site of the Battle of Gettysburg

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Declares that all persons born in the U.S. are citizens and are guaranteed equal protection of the laws

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Laws denying most legal rights to newly freed slaves; passed by southern states following the Civil War

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Northern democrat who advocated making peace with the Confederacy during the Civil War

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A system used on southern farms after the Civil War in which farmers worked land owned by someone else in return for a small portion of the crops.

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a writ requiring a person under arrest to be brought before a judge or into court, especially to secure the person's release unless lawful grounds are shown for their detention.

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the period after the Civil War in the United States when the southern states were reorganized and reintegrated into the Union

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the surrounding of a place in order to force it to surrender

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the act of uniting or bringing together, especially people of different races

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Abolition of slavery w/o compensation for slave-owners

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Favoring drastic political, economic, or social reforms.

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Largely former slave owners who were the bitterest opponents of the Republican program in the South. Staged a major counterrevolution to "redeem" the south by taking back southern state governments. Their foundation rested on the idea of racism and white supremacy. Redeemer governments waged and aggressive assault on African Americans.

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a war measure that isolates some area of importance to the enemy

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1864 Proposed far more demanding and stringent terms for reconstruction; required 50% of the voters of a state to take the loyalty oath and permitted only non-confederates to vote for a new state constitution; Lincoln refused to sign the bill, pocket vetoing it after Congress adjourned.

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Set up to help freedmen and white refugees after Civil War. Provided food, clothing, medical care, and education. Lasted from 1865-72. Attacked by KKK and other southerners as "carpetbaggers" Encouraged former plantation owners to rebuild their plantations, urged freed Blacks to gain employment, kept an eye on contracts between labor and management, etc

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A formal document charging a public official with misconduct in office

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a general increase in prices and fall in the purchasing value of money.

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Rebellion or revolt against a government or similarly established authority