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Elephant toothpaste is a foamy substance created by the rapid decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. Hydrogen peroxide, liquid soap, and potassium iodide are mixed together. These ingredients break down into oxygen and water. The oxygen quickly pushes out of the container, but is trapped by the soapy water and foams. This new substance that is created is caused by the chemical reaction that took place. This picture shows the reaction of the mixture as it foams up.

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Corrosion is the chemical reaction where metals break down slowly because of other elements in their environment. One example of this chemical reaction is rust. Water and oxygen breakdown the metal iron and create hydrated iron oxide, another name for rust. Through the process of this chemical reaction, iron turns into a new substance as rust. This photo shows the contrast of iron to the rust forming on it.

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Matter which has a specific composition and specific properties

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In the case of chemical reactions, a solid is also considered a preciptate. It is when a substance is deposited in solid form from a solution.

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Alka Seltzer tablets contain solid forms of citric acid (vinegar) and sodium carbonate (baking soda). When a tablet is dropped into water, the solid form of the acid and baking soda are dissolved. This allows them to mix and react, creating fizz. It also results in a production of carbon dioxide gas. This picture captures the reaction of Alka Seltzer tablets in water.

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Precipitation is useful to isolate the products of a reaction. An example of this is when crystals of meso-tetratolylporphyrin from a reflux of propanoic acid precipitate upon cooling. By cooling the mixture to room temperature, crystals of the porphyrin precipitate during the chemical reaction and are collected by filtration shown here.

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An important physical property of copper is the reddish-brown color it has. Copper reacts with oxygen chemically and turns the reddish-brown color into a green tint. This change of color is a result of copper combining with water and carbon dioxide in moist air. This chemical reaction is called hydrated copper carbonate. One of the most well known examples of this reaction is the Statue of Liberty. It was once the natural color of copper, but over the years has turned green through this chemical reaction! The image on the left shows the original color of the Statue of Liberty, and beside it is the recognizable green color it is today.

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During the caramelization process of baking, high heat causes sugar molecules to break down and release water. This is one chemical reaction that takes place, causing the delicious aroma of freshly baked cookies. Another process that creates the flavors and aromas is called the Maillard reaction. The molecules produced are responsible for the characteristic smells of baking. This process begins as a simple reaction between amino acids and sugars. The molecules keep reacting in more complex ways, causing different baked goods to have a unique smell. The cookies shown in this image have a nice aroma after baking.

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When wood is burning, a reaction between oxygen and the gases released from the wood takes place. This is known as combustion. Otherwise considered burning, it produces a flame in fire and causes heat to be self-sustaining. Not only is this heat created by combustion, but carbon dioxide that is produced by the burning wood causes heat too. The heat given off from a fire indicates the chemical reaction of temperature taking place. This image shows wood as it is burning.

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Silver nitrate is a colorless solid that can be used as a soluble in water. Sodium chloride is a colorless crystalline compound which occurs naturally as a common salt. When these two elements are mixed with water, it will cause silver chloride to precipitate out of the solution as a solid. This picture shows the reaction as the liquid forms into a solid.

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The degree or intensity of heat present in a substance or object.

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Fireworks are chemical reactions caused by the different fuels that burn at different rates and temperatures. These colorful explosions are created when burning mixtures are packed into an aerial shell with black powder. Once the fuse is burned away, the bursting charge explodes and ignites the pellets of color. Temperature is the chemical reaction behind the chemistry of fireworks, and the excessive heat is able to make these wonderous explosions seen below.

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The color of leaves change from season to season because of chemical reactions. Due to decreasing length of daylight and temperature, leaves stop their food-making process in the fall. The chlorophyll breaks down, causing the green colors in the leaves to disappear and the yellow and orange colors to be seen in the leaves. Therefore, creating a new pigmentation for the leaves. Captured in the picture below, the colors of the leaf represent the chemical reactions that take place during the different seasons.

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The property possessed by an object of producing different sensations on the eye as a result of the way the object reflects or emits light.

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The bitterness of coffee is found in volatile compounds, which are organic compounds that contribute to the aroma of coffee. This aroma is created during the main chemical change, which occurs in the roasting process of the coffee making. Chemicals in coffee beans are extracted during brewing and impact the aroma. Two main factors impact the distinctive scent; the concentration of the compound, and the compound's minimum concentration at which coffee's scent is detectable. The ratio of the compound's concentration affect the overall aroma. The chemical reaction of coffee occurs in the brewing process, where compounds are extracted and create an aroma. After brewing, coffee will look as shown here.

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A bath bomb is made of few ingredients, the most important including citric acid and bicarbonate. These main parts are essential for the chemical reaction that takes place. Citric acid is a weak organic acid most commonly used as a natural preservative in many cosmetic products. Bicarbonate, also known as baking soda is a natural mineral form usually found dissolved in mineral springs. Both ingredients are white crystalline powders that can be used for cosmetic purposes. However, these two parts will not fizz without the key factor; water. Added into this liquid, the mixture starts to produce carbon dioxide bubbles and fizz. Pictured below is the reaction of a bath bomb as it fizzes in water.

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Aroma is a distinctive scent that one is able to smell.

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Also known as effervescence, this chemical is when bubbles of gas are created from a liquid and make a hissing sound.