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Yelda
Using the recombinant DNA technology to produce GMO's is that it can be used as medicines and drugs that can be produced in large quantities from the microbes instead of having to kill animals which is considered to be unethical. Another benefit that is beneficial is that it provides nutrition and improves the nutritional qualities of crops such as wheat, rice which can therefore, be seen as an improvement to the human's life as it allows them to have nutritional value. It is also seen as a way to improve agricultural production of crops such as not having to use as much fertiliser which can lead to eutrophication and herbicides which can be toxic to the environment, it can also allows the growth of crops in areas which do not have the appropriate conditions to grow crops in.

-Yelda

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- Environmental Risks: People are concerned regarding the transfer of genes from GM plants and animals to wild species. People are worried that antibiotic marker genes and other alien/ foreign DNA will spread into wild populations and cause problems.
- Risks of Bias: People are concerned that any advances made with GM will be biased to the needs of the richer countries.
Another concern is that GM is an expensive process requiring expensive technology which is unaccessible to some countries.
- Risk of antibiotic resistance: Antibiotic resistance was frequently used as a marker gene. People were concerned that the genes for antibiotic resistance might get into wild plant populations in turn causing antibiotic resistance problems.

Farida

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- The nutritional value of foods could be improved by introducing proteins, vitamins, vaccines.
- The crops can be produced that lack down allergens (a type of antigen that produces an abnormally vigorous immune response in which the immune system fights off a perceived threat)
- The crops can be grown in arid conditions for better yield (e.g by introducing drought resistant genes).
-Genetically modified crops can produce herbicides to kill pests
- They improve food supply in poor countries ( they can be engineered for improved yields)
-Reduces economic conners and carbon footprint- less needs for land clearing and pesticide usage.

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Manufacturers use GMO to give crops their desired traits. This could involve making crops more resistance to disease, to increase nutritional value, addition of flavors and tolerant of herbicides. More benefits are as mentioned-

- can be grown at higher yield with better quality.
- disease resistance and can be made to adapt to the weather. Resistance to environmental factors like less rainfall, flooding, frost and pH levels .
- resistance to toxic chemicals in herbicides. Also resistance to disease (bacteria/viruses)
- longer shelf life and nutritional value
- farmers will have crops with more desirable traits making more demand for these crops, hence allowing the farmers to make profit.

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Edward
There are many benefits of using GMO’s: one basic way of using GMO’s is the fact that they inscrese the yield to certain food stock and foods that are seasonal can now be found all year around. This would be able to create a steady cash flow income to the suppliers as more food is available would be able to meet the demand. Speaking of demand: the food that are provided can be made to be more nutritional further increasing the vitamins and minerals via genetically modified the content to be more nutritional; this would make for a certain health population. To note another great point about GMOS’s is that you can increase the flavor profile of certain food by prolonging aging and giving a more enhanced flavor and color: this would make the food more able to be brought by the consumer.

Another point is that GMO’s can be used to produce medicine with the microbes , that would have otherwise come from the slaughtering of animals. This in itself would reduce the need for a high yield of animals to be killed to produce medicine for humans and would in turn mean that a fast rate of medicine can be produced and ethically the microbes would not feel pain. So medicines can be produced.

Another way GMOs are used is that we can genetically modify organisms that lead to harming the Earth for example we can cause cattle to release methane and certain crops to release less CO2 so less tilling would occur. This would reduce greenhouse gas emissions therefore less likely to contribute to global warming.

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Yelda
The risks of GMO are not usually seen instantly and generally, have a long term effect. It causes a reduction in the biodiversity of the area. GMO technology is very expensive and can't usually be accessed by the local farmers therefore, many LEDCs would not be able to make income as the export of the products that they make would not be necessary. Furthermore, it can cause economic consequences, countries would be able to grow crops that they usually would not be able to grow therefore, countries who rely on  the export of certain crops will see a decrease in income therefore, causing the demand for their produce to decrease and as a result, making it disastrous for their economies. With GMO's it can also cause effects on the local food chain which can affect the animals
It can cause risks such as metabolic diseases and cancers.
People are also worried about the the transfer of the marker genes which can cause antibiotic resistance there could be horizontal gene transmission in the bacteria where there could be cross pollination in plants , viral transfer.

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- New traits could cause adverse health reactions (e.g new proteins may cause allergic responses).
-Removal of traits could have unknown effects.
-Crops may limit biodiversity of local environment (increased competition with native species)
-Foods with GM components may not be labeled
-Different governments may have conflicting regulatory standards concerning safety usage

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Media input appears to play a dominating role in people's opinions regarding GMO. However, following an analysis of the risks and benefits of GMO, the benefits exceed the risks. Scientists are continuously working to come up with methods and solutions to overcome the risks of GMO. However, their benefits and value cannot be ignored, particularly their ability to save lives. While the risks do not appear to be life threatening.
Malnutrition and infectious diseases are universal thing many areas of the world are affected by and GM crops and medicines can offer the solution and save lives.
Furthermore, for some of the risks discussed, there appears to be limited evidence supporting them, while there is more evidence supporting the benefits associated with GMO and the greatest fear/ concern appears to be the fear of the unknown which is understandable considering this is a new branch of science.

Farida

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In conclusion, with GM food, people are still concerned about risks for both for humans that use them as well as for the animals that we use to produce them. Despite that, food security is often an issue, risks come from a wide variety of sources, including starvation, eating poor quality food and infectious diseases. Overall, the risks outweigh the benefits.

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Yelda
I believe that the benefits of GMO are greater as opposed to the risks of GMO products as with the benefits it provides a advantage for a longer time which can benefit the future I believe that with the growing technology in the 21st century there would be many improvements of the production of the GMO products that will be bound to be beneficial for people. Based on scientific research the food that is made naturally and the genetically modified foods do not pose any greater risk than the normal crops.  It is important to note the great benefits that have been obtained by the use of the GMO products this includes the great medicines that have been made and that has saved the lives of many people as well as providing benefits to the large community. Based on research there aren't as much life threatening effects of the production of GMO products. Although there are  risks to the production of GMO however, I do believe that the benefits of GMKO have provided an overall greater impact on the community and overtime with the evolving technology in the community it can be controlled and improved, as of now the benefits outweigh the risks.

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1. Higher yield
2. Makes crops grow in different areas and conditions than what they are used to.
3. Crops are more resistant to diseases.
4. Makes size of fruit bigger
5. Make colour of fruit more appealing
6. Makes fruit sweeter.

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1. Decrease in biodiversity
2. Antibiotic resistance
3. Ethical problems to do with animals.

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GMO's have more benefits than risks. Increasing yield would feed larger populations, also would increase economy as more appealing fruits with flavour will be sold more. However, fruits maybe unhealthy. Scientists must be aware of the mutations and that plants can be antibiotic resistant.

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There are countless benefits of using GMO, economically wise as well as biological wise.

1. GMOs can be tailored to have better health benefits.
2. GMOs can be made to have a longer shelf live, thus reducing waste.
3. GMO takes less land to grow more foods leading on to the second point.
4. GMOs conserve water, energy and resources.
5. GMO's may provide environmental benefits.
6. GMOs can make crops more resistant to diseases, thus reducing biological waste.

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1. GMOs can lead to increased risks of allergies.
2. Animal proteins can be affected by GMOs as they feed on these crops.
3. GMOs encourage the use of additional herbicides which have a negative effect on the surrounding environment.
4. GMOs can create superbugs.
5. GMOs can help create antibiotic resistant bugs.

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Overall i believe GMO's should continue taking place as there are many more benefits which can benefit developing countries, as well as helping feed a growing population, there are also many economic benefits which can benefited from such as the saving of money due to less water and energy used, these profit can be reinvested in the research of more improved GMOs.