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The Boers (Dutch farmers) settles in the Cape of Good Hope.

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The Boer population expands when French Calvinist Protestants fled Europe.

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The British dispatched troops to the Cape and captured Cape Town after six weeks of fighting with France, the Netherlands and other European states.

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The Cape Colony was temporarily returned to the Dutch.

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The British took permanent control of the colony and began colonization

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discovery of diamonds and other natural resources

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First Anglo Boer war. The Boers made a petition against the annexation while Britain was stubborn. However, while Britain tried to extend their goal, Boers were infuriated by it and tried to take goods away from Britain.

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The second Anglo Boer war broke out. The British moved to occupy Transvaal.

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the British took permanent control of both Transvaal and the Orange free State.

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the South African Native National Congress, was founded in 1912