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Biomass is an incredibly versatile substance, able to produce energy through being burned directly, converted into liquid biofuels or harvested as a gas from landfills or anaerobic digesters. Its own source of energy comes from the sun, and as plant matter can be regrown relatively quickly, it is classed as renewable.

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Geothermal energy is the thermal energy generated and stored in the Earth. Thermal energy is the energy that determines the temperature of matter. The geothermal energy of the Earth's crust originates from the original formation of the planet and from radioactive decay of materials.

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Solar energy is used worldwide and is increasingly popular for generating electricity or heating and desalinating water. Solar power is generated in two main ways: Photovoltaics (PV), also called solar cells, are electronic devices that convert sunlight directly into electricity.

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Wind is a renewable energy source. Overall, using wind to produce energy has fewer effects on the environment than many other energy sources. ... Wind turbines may also reduce the amount of electricity generation from fossil fuels, which results in lower total air pollution and carbon dioxide emissions.

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Natural gas is a non-renewable fossil fuel formed from the remains of tiny sea plants and animals that died 300-400 million years ago. Approximately 90% of natural gas is composed of methane, but it also contains other gases such as propane and butane.

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Nuclear energy is a non-renewable energy source that comes from the nucleus of atoms. Nuclear fusion is when the nuclei of atoms are combined or fused together. Nuclear power plants produce electricity by using nuclear fission. Uranium is a naturally-occurring radioactive element found in rocks all over the world.

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Crude oil is a nonrenewable resource that builds up in liquid form between the layers of the Earth's crust. It's retrieved by drilling into the ground and ocean floor, and pumping the liquid out.

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Coal is classified as a nonrenewable energy source because it takes millions of years to form. Coal contains the energy stored by plants that lived hundreds of millions of years ago in swampy forests. Layers of dirt and rock covered the plants over millions of years.