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Olduvai culture 2.5-1 million years ago (early Paleolithic)

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Olduvai culture 2.5-1 million years ago (early Paleolithic)

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The most primitive culture of stone processing, when to obtain a sharp edge, the stone is usually split in half, without further refinement.
The bearers of the Olduvai culture used completely different tools. These were mostly choppers (unilaterally reflected tools) and choppings (bilaterally punched tools with a pointed edge). Many chips with numerous chips, spheroids (round tools reflected on all sides) and scrapers were also found. Olduvai tools were mainly used to process the carcasses of slaughtered animals. With their help, gabils could refresh carcasses, separate and cut meat, break bones and get the brain. Probably, the same tools could be means for production of other tools - for example, pointed sticks.

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 Mousterian culture 125-38 thousand years BC. is.

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 Mousterian culture 125-38 thousand years BC. is.

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Neanderthals of the Moustier era achieved relatively high productivity, produced more than 60 types of tools. All this indicates the specialization of tools in the Moustier era, in contrast to the initial stages of production.
Thus, the increase in the variety of tools indicates the complexity of the technology of their manufacture. Despite the fact that the very structure of the technological process remained the same, but its main stages were improved: acquired a more correct shape of the nucleus; chips have become more advanced; the number of operations has increased; manufacturing technology has become three-stage (upholstery, chipping, retouching). Such a complex process required considerable experience, skills, coordination of movements and some specialization in this matter. Later, folded tools appeared (spears, horns, knives, scrapers with wooden handles, etc.) and began to use such a technological technique as incandescence of stone in fire, and then its cooling in water.
Among the tools, a significant number of them are small tools that primitive people did not hold with his whole hand, but with two or three fingers.
One of the important monuments of South Asia is the Denis Cave in the mountain Altai.

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Seleutian culture - the archaeological culture of the early Paleolithic. 50-35 thousand years BC is.

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Seleutian culture - the archaeological culture of the early Paleolithic. 50-35 thousand years BC is.

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It is characterized by flint leaf-shaped spearheads with double-sided finishing, Mousterian scrapers, remnants of the Levallois stone splitting technique. Characteristic leaf-shaped tips of spears and darts, bilaterally processed, made of flat retouching.

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Orinyat culture - archaeological culture of the early Late Paleolithic.30-25 thousand years BC. is.

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Orinyat culture - archaeological culture of the early Late Paleolithic.30-25 thousand years BC. is.

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Orinyat culture is characterized by flint plates with retouching and notches on the edges, scraping, nucleus-like tools (Nucleus), well-developed bone processing (in particular, bone tips of spears with a split base), the remains of long-lived dwellings and relatively well-developed fine arts. of stone and bone).

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Hamburg culture - archaeological culture of the late Paleolithic and early Mesolithic 13-12 thousand years BC. is.

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Hamburg culture - archaeological culture of the late Paleolithic and early Mesolithic 13-12 thousand years BC. is.

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For the Hamburg culture is characterized by flint tools, reminiscent of the Upper Paleolithic: flint arrowheads with a notch and a kind of puncture. Reindeer antler tools with flint inserts were common. Fish and birds were killed on one side with jagged harpoons from reindeer antlers, cut with flint cutters.

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Maglemose is an archeological culture of Northern Europe of the Middle Stone Age.

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Maglemose is an archeological culture of Northern Europe of the Middle Stone Age.

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During archeological excavations in 1900, Danish scientists G. Sarau found bones of a wild bull, a red deer, elk, birds, fish, a domestic dog, flint tools (microliths, axes), horns and bones (harpoons, fishing hooks) in the Maglemoz peat bog. , wooden bows, oars, fucking boats, arrowheads, etc.).

In the next century, similar settlements of Muggle culture were found from England to Lithuania and from Swedish Skåne to northern France.