# data[].attributes.body
Turkey's GDP Per Capita Changing Over Years

Turkey's GDP (Gross Domestic Product) per capita has decreased since 2013. In 2020 GDPPC is even lower than 2009's. If the inflation rate of the U.S. dollar is calculated from 2009 to 2020, $8.559 of 2020 may equal $7,210 of 2009. This data shows us Turkish citizens' purchasing power has dimished continually in the last seven years.

# data[].attributes.body
Essential's Prices

There is a catalog of a supermarket in Turkey which is from the summer of 2018. When prices are compared to this year, it is obvious that they have changed dramatically in three and half years.
Prices have surged approximately 300% for many products:

A pack of 32 toilet paper rolls were 35,90₺ (p.38) in the former catalog, but today's price is 131,50₺.

1 litre of milk was 2,50₺ (p.8) in the former catalog, but today's price is 8,90₺.

1-litre of olive oil was 19,95₺ (p.23) in the former catalog, but today's price is 63,90₺.

1 kg of veal was 51,90₺ (p.10) in the former catalog, but today's price is 114,95₺.

(The Prices belong to the same brands and the same supermarket.)

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Migroskop 19 Temmuz 2018 - 1 ağustos 2018

# data[].attributes.body
The government increases the minimum wage to protect people from the effects of inflation. But is that enough? According to Gindling (2018) raising the minimum wage has pros and cons, high increases can lead to employees firing and they could not find another job because of a higher minimum wage. It could be a danger for a country that has a lot of unrecorded migrants. Also according to Lemos (2004) article; If a higher minimum wage is not caused by unemployment, it can cause inflation. And inflation increases poverty.

Gindling, T, H,. (2018).  Does increasing the minimum wage reduce poverty in developing countries? IZA World of Labor 2018: 30(2), pp 1-10.  doi: http://10.15185/izawol.30.v2

Lemos, S,. (2004) The Effect of the Minimum Wage on Prices. IZA Discussion Paper No. 1072. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.524803

# data[].attributes.body
The inflation rates are an unbearable burden on the economy and they continue to rise. The National Bank needs to fight both the devaluation of the currency and the inflation for the country to survive this crisis. The new policy which lead to more money being printed could only be considered as a "half-measure", since its effects on the devaluation of the currency is only temporary while increasing inflation even more by printing more money. The National Bank does not seem to have a plan to accomplish the aforementioned goals. Therefore it does not seem like inflation or TRY will recover in the near future, or a couple of years. Also, the data provided by the government is outright incorrect and no figure even comes close to the inflation that is felt by the people and that is measured by literally anyone other than the government. Therefore, it would be reasonable to say that the figures provided by the government are misleading, incorrect and manupilative.

Bibliography

ENAGrup. (2021). TÜFE ENAGrup Tüketici Fiyat Endeksi Ağustos 2021. ENAGrup.Org. Retrieved December 28, 2021, from https://enagrup.org/bulten/2021agustosea.pdf?v1#:~:text=A%C4%9Fustos%202021%20d%C3%B6nemi%20(31.07.2021,bazda%20%254%2C06%20artt%C4%B1.

ENAGrup. (2021). TÜFE ENAGrup Tüketici Fiyat Endeksi Eylül 2021. ENAGrup.Org. Retrieved December 28, 2021, from https://enagrup.org/bulten/202109hb.pdf?v1

ENAGrup. (2021). TÜFE ENAGrup Tüketici Fiyat Endeksi Ekim  2021. ENAGrup.Org. Retrieved December 28, 2021, from https://enagrup.org/bulten/202110hb.pdf?v1

ENAGrup. (2021). TÜFE ENAGrup Tüketici Fiyat Endeksi Kasım  2021. ENAGrup.Org. Retrieved December 28, 2021, from https://enagrup.org/bulten/2021kasb.pdf?v1

TCMB - Tüketici Fiyatları. (n.d.). Tcmb.Gov.Tr. Retrieved December 28, 2021, from https://www.tcmb.gov.tr/wps/wcm/connect/TR/TCMB+TR/Main+Menu/Istatistikler/Enflasyon+Verileri/Tuketici+Fiyatlari

# data[].attributes.body
How has the Turkish people's purchasing power changed over the years?

How does Turkey overcome poverty?

Can raising the minimum wage to solve the problem of power?

How has Turkey's GDP per capita changed in the last ten years?

How have prices of essential needs changed in Turkey?

How has the percentage of employees who work for the minimum wage changed in the last ten years?

# data[].attributes.body
The purchasing power in Turkey is decreasing everyday.

Prices are increasing constantly.

More than half of the workers work for minimum wage.

The minimum wage in Turkey is under the breadline.

Turkey's government raises the minimum wage every year, but workers' relief only lasts a few months.

The breadline of a family is much more than the wage of qualified public officers.

# data[].attributes.body
How does the government plan to recover the value of the Turkish Lira? Do they have such intentions?

How does the National Bank of Turkey plan to increase their stocks, which are kept in USD as it is a "hard currency", without production and peculiar expenses?

If the right steps were to be taken, how long would it take for the Turkish economy to get back on its feet?

The new plan that brought USD/TRY to around 11 TRY will require the national bank to print more money, which will increase inflation thereby devaluating the money, undoing the process of recovery. How do the National Bank and the government plan to get out of this loophole?

How are farmers and various producers of Turkey expected to keep supplying goods with ever increasing prices? Does the government have a plan to stop this "food crisis" from happening?

With decreasing funds, how is Turkey supposed to catch up with other developed countries in fields such as technology and education?

# data[].attributes.body
The Turkish Lira (TRY) has fallen behind foreign currencies very significantly.
The loss of value of the currency does not look like it will stop anytime soon.
Turkey is a country that is dependant on foreign exports to   continue its local production of goods.
Turkey is the new "Venezuela" of the Middle East, with evergrowing inflation.
A lot of people live on minimum wage and even when it is increased, the devaluation of the currency makes this increase obsolete and even unsatisfactory in a very short period of time.
The data provided by government agencies concerning inflation often do not match the figures provided by independent research.

# data[].attributes.body
How does poverty affect education in Turkey?

What does the new generation think about the current economic situation?

Does poverty really cause crime?

# data[].attributes.body
Looking at oil prices is a good way to inspect the increase of consumer products as these have to be transported from the factory or the farm to the consumer. As can be seen in the graph, the prices of oil have been increasing steadily. Which is one of the reasons why products have been getting more and more expensive. To add fuel to the fire, seeds and such items that are used in farming are imported from other countries, which also gets affected by the devalued currency. As Turkey needs to import oil, the exchange rates also hurt the producers in that area.

Turkish exports are also hurt from the TRY being so low in value as more items and products must be sold to get the same amount of money, which is why the Turkish export figures have been up lately. Therefore these two could be explained through the devalued currency and the undesirable exchange rates. The government does not have a plan to combat this production and importation crisis, but a positive impact could be observed if the Turkish Lira were to be higher in value and more stable and less volatile. Prices have to be updated every day to keep up with the changes.

References
Sözcü Gazetesi. (2020). Petrolde Fiyat Farkı. Sozcu.Com.Tr. Retrieved December 28, 2021, from https://www.sozcu.com.tr/2020/ekonomi/petrol-krizi-boyunca-benzin-1-45-tl-ucuzladi-5728137/

# data[].attributes.body
Education and technology are another areas that are hurt badly by the economy. These come down to the low amount of, and most of the time, the lack of funding towards projects and research and the source of all evil: bad exchange rates.

Turkey does not produce any consumer products that can challange any professional tech company; be it phones, computers, forms of software or operating systems. What little technology the country has in military technology is sold to countries such as Qatar in exchange for funds to relieve the economy. Therefore, none can be imported to other countries. Consumer items such as computers and phones are very heavily taxed, and sometimes the government profits more than the original producer through taxes when selling such items, as is the case with iPhones, for example. The tools have to be up to the task to develop computer software and do coding to be imported, but these items are immensely expensive and therfore are out of reach for most people. Therefore, it seems that Turkey will not have any people Steve Jobs', working in their garages and producing something special as the general public lacks access to tools that enable such things.

As Maslow's hierarchy suggests, people need to reach a certain level of wealth to be able to produce sophisticated items, and this is especially true for technology. A low budget for research and no motivation provided by the government does not help research. Also, the lack of transparancy in Turkish developments also steer possible customers away to other options.

References
Shiftdelete.net . (2020). Vergiler olmasaydı iPhone fiyatları ne kadar olurdu?. shiftdelete.net . Retrieved December 28, 2021, from https://shiftdelete.net/vergiler-olmasaydi-iphone-fiyatlari

# data[].attributes.body
Does poverty really cause crime?

The general perception of society is that poverty causes crime. According to Fırat (2015), It can be accepted that poverty may cause crime. However, this relation may not necessarily be direct (p. 193), which means there could be other reasons such as lower education levels. Therefore only poverty cannot be considered as the only cause but it can be an important factor (p. 222).

FIRAT, M. (2014). Yoksulluk ve Suç İlişkisinin Sosyolojik Analizi: Bir Referans Çerçevesi (Elazig Örneği). Birey ve Toplum Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 5(9), 193-224. https://doi.org/10.20493/bt.67943

# data[].attributes.body
Poverty is increasing day by day in Turkey and making a living has become more difficult than ever before.

The minimum wage does not meet even the basic needs because of the constantly rising prices.

Despite the 40 percent raise that has been done, the dollar equivalent of this year's minimum wage is less than the one of last year’s.

It is easy to notice the increase in the product prices within a few days.

There are rows in front of the "Halk Ekmek" buffets, which is a state institution that provides more affordable bread.

Basic breakfast products have become a luxury for many people.

People are trying to survive rather than make savings.

# data[].attributes.body
What does the new generation think about the current economic situation?

Unlike previous generations, the new generation is quite interested in the economy, or they have to be. The reason for this is that the economic situation directly affects their daily life.

They often argue with the older generations in the street interviews. Recently a young hit a man in the mouth with his phone after hearing "take your phone out", which is a common sentence that the older generation uses to stress how "good" the economic situation is.

Birgün. (2021, December 6). 'Telefonunu çıkar' diyen adamın ağzına telefon soktu. Birgün. https://www.birgun.net/haber/telefonunu-cikar-diyen-adamin-agzina-telefon-soktu-368335

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
'Telefonunu çıkar' diyen adamın ağzına telefon soktu

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Bir yurttaş, Türkiye'deki ekonomik durum konuşulurken kendisinden telefonunu göstermesini istediği bir adamın ağzına telefon soktu.

# data[].attributes.body
Furthermore, the new generation does not see a bright future in Turkey because of the worsening economic situation.

According to the news of Gazete Duvar about the report of Sosyal Demokrasi Foundation, 62.5% of the young population wants a living abroad.

Gazete Duvar. (2020, May 19). Gençlik araştırması: Yüzde 62.5 yurt dışında yaşamak istiyor. Gazete Duvar. https://www.gazeteduvar.com.tr/gundem/2020/05/19/genclik-arastirmasi-yuzde-62-5-yurt-disina-gitmek-istiyor

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
DUVAR - Sosyal Demokrasi Vakfı (SODEV), 19 Mayıs Atatürk'ü Anma, Gençlik ve Spor Bayramı'nda Gençlik Araştırması Raporu'nu paylaştı. Türkiye'nin farklı bölgelerinde, farklı sosyo-ekonomik profillerine sahip gençlerin temel sorun alanları ve beklentilerini ölçen araştırma 600 örneklem üzerinden Türkiye'nin 12 ilinde gerçekleştirildi. Araştırmaya göre gençlerin öncelikli sorunları eğitim ve istihdamda yer alamamak, fırsat eşitsizliği ve güvencesizlik.

Katılımcıların yüzde 69,2'si ekonomik anlamda bağımsızlığını kazanmamış. Özellikle bölgesel eşitsizlikler ve işsizlik oranları ile paralel olarak, HDP'ye oy veren gençler arasında ekonomik bağımlılık daha yüksek.

Türkiye'de gençler önemli oranda dini ve milli değerleri önemserken, gençlerin bunu hem kendi hem başkalarının özgürlükleri ile bir arada gördüklerini gösteriyor. Gençlerin yüzde 68,3'ü düşüncelerini özgürce ifade edebilmeyi çok önemli olarak görüyor. yüzde 52'si ise başkalarının düşüncelerini özgürce ifade edebilmesini de çok önemli buluyor. En önemli görünen konular daha sonra sırasıyla milli değerler yüzde 49,8 ve dini değerler yüzde 45,7. Bunların dışında gençlerin yüzde 25'i kültür ve sanata zaman ayırmayı, yüzde 21,3'ü bilime zaman ayırmayı çok önemli buluyor. Çok para kazanmayı çok önemli bulanların oranı ise yüzde 37,5.

Özgürlük konusunda hassasiyet CHP seçmeni arasında daha yüksek iken, dini değerlerin önceliği daha alt sırada, CHP seçmeni gençler daha seküler bir zemin sergiliyor.

.

Türkiye'de gençlerin yüzde 62,5'i yurtdışına yerleşip orada yaşamak istiyor. Gençlerin oy verdikleri siyasi partilere göre yurtdışında yaşama tercihlerini karşılaştırdığımızda, AK Partili gençlerin yüzde 47,3'ü, CHP'ye oy veren gençlerin yüzde 74,4'ü, İYİ Parti'ye oy verenlerin yüzde 68,8'i, MHP'li gençlerin %68,6'sı, HDP'ye oy verenlerin yüzde 63,6'sı, henüz oy kullanmayanların ise yüzde 68,8'i yurtdışını tercih ediyor.
FIRSAT EŞİTLİĞİ
Katılımcıların yüzde 70,3'ü Türkiye'de arkası sağlam bir kişinin yetenekli bir gencin önüne geçebileceğini düşünüyor. Kayırmacılık ve "arkası sağlam olmanın" yükselmek için önemli bir koşul olarak görülüyor ve bu durum AK Parti'den, henüz oy kullanmayan gençlere kadar tüm gruplarda geçerli.

Araştırmaya katılan gençlerin yüzde 40,8'i Türkiye'de üniversitelerin iş bulmak için yeterli donanım sağladığını düşünmüyor. Bu oran HDP seçmeni gençlerde yüzde 72,8'e, İyi Partili seçmende yüzde 56,4'e, CHP'li seçmen gençlerde yüzde 49,5'e, MHP'li seçmende yüzde 48,5'e çıkıyor. AK Parti li gençlerin yüzde 31,8'i yeterli donanım olmadığını düşünüyor.
GENÇLER SOSYAL MEDYADA DA ÖZGÜR DEĞİL
Türkiye genelinde gençlerin yüzde 25'i sosyal medyada kendilerini özgürce ifade edemediklerini düşünüyor. Bu oran özellikle HDP'li, CHP'li ve İyi Partili seçmenlerde çok daha yüksek oranlarda seyrediyor. Örneğin, HDP 'ye oy veren gençlerin yüzde 72,7'si, sosyal medyada düşüncelerini özgürce ifade edemediğini düşünüyor.

Gençler yüzde 93,2 ile en çok Instagram'ı kullandıklarını belirtiyor. İkinci sırayı yüzde 49,2 ile Twitter, üçüncü sırayı yüzde 47,3 ile Facebook alıyor. (HABER MERKEZİ)

.
Raporun tamamına buradan ulaşabilirsiniz.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Gençlik araştırması: Yüzde 62.5 yurt dışında yaşamak istiyor

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
DUVAR - Sosyal Demokrasi Vakfı (SODEV), 19 Mayıs Atatürk'ü Anma, Gençlik ve Spor Bayramı'nda Gençlik Araştırması Raporu'nu paylaştı. Türkiye'nin farklı bölgelerinde, farklı sosyo-ekonomik profillerine sahip gençlerin temel sorun alanları ve beklentilerini ölçen araştırma 600 örneklem üzerinden Türkiye'nin 12 ilinde gerçekleştirildi. Araştırmaya göre gençlerin öncelikli sorunları eğitim ve istihdamda yer alamamak, fırsat eşitsizliği ve güvencesizlik.

# data[].attributes.body
How does poverty affect education in Turkey?

Poverty has profoundly affected education in Turkey. According to the research of “Derin Yoksulluk Ağı”, an organization aiming to build a solidarity network, 57,8% of children could not attend online education in the houses the study made. Furthermore, 6%of children are the only breadwinners. Poverty not only prevented education but also caused child labor.

Derin Yoksulluk Ağı. (n.d.). Gündemimiz Çocuk Yoksulluğu. https://derinyoksullukagi.org/raporlar/gundemimiz-cocuk-yoksullugu/

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
23 Nisan Ulusal Egemenlik ve Çocuk Bayramı dolayısıyla Gündemimiz Çocuk Yoksulluğu bilgi notu