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http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/documents/filesonfilm/mata-hari-alias-mcleod-margaretha-geertruida-marguerite-gertrude-kv-2-1.pdf

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Howard Burnham was a french spy who actually used his wooden leg to conceal spying tools when behind enemy lines.

George Bacon wrote secret messages with invisible ink on socks. These messages could only be seen is certain chemicals were dumped on them.

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https://blog.nationalarchives.gov.uk/blog/secrets-spies-first-world-war/

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Leopold Vieyra, known as the ‘Spy in the Heart of Filmland’, was a German WW1 spy. He was a film agent that operated between England and Holland. Through his travels he passed naval intelligence to the Germans by scratching secret messages into the edges of his films.

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Not only did the volume of spies increase in WWI because of the amount of people fighting, but because of how close some of the countries were and their cultural similarities. The mutual familiarity made spying an effective way to uncover your enemies plans and gain the upper hand. WWI was the first time ordinary objects became a threat in warfare. Spies effectively used objects such as loaves of bread, windmills, or even hair pins to hide and send secret messages. The increasing paranoia led to falsely accusing many civilians as spies. In 1917 over 2,000 "spies" were rounded up and imprisoned or executed in France. Telephone systems were used to send signals and secret messages during the war and many electronic advances were made to interrupt and pick up these signals, such as the Moritz system. This system was used by the Germans to spy on the British.

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Mata Hari was a professional dancer and mistress, who became a spy for France in WWl. She went to Madrid, where she tried to woo a German diplomat, who gave her false information. This made the French suspect her of being a double spy for France and Germany, so she was executed by a firing squad in 1917.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mata_Hari

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Mata Hari fell deeply in love with Vladimir Massloff, who was a Russian soldier. She agreed to become a spy to earn money so the two could get married. “I will marry my lover,” she wrote, “and I will be the happiest woman on earth.”- Mata Hari

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https://youtu.be/VFZyUBfDkeA

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https://www.nationalgeographic.com/archaeology-and-history/magazine/2017/11-12/mata-hari-history-killing/

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Several films, songs, and books have been made about Mata Hari and her mysterious, inconclusive life as a spy. There is even a room in The Fries Museum in Leeuwarden, Netherlands, that has a room dedicated to Mata Hari. This room includes scrapbooks that have been kept along with a carpet, which has the footsteps from her fan dance. To this day, researchers don't believe there was enough evidence to prove whether she was wrongly convicted to working as a double spy for Germany and France.