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Notes that are connected have their own rule. Within a set of connected notes, the note farthest from the middle line determines the direction.

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Notes above the middle line of the staff have stems reaching down. The stems are also on the left side of the note.

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Notes below the middle line of the staff have stems reaching up. The stems are also on the right side of the note.

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In the bass clef, the note F is on the the second line from the top. The bass clef symbol has two dots that straddle the F line.

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Notes and notation sit at the core of music production. This board will hopefully answer some basic questions you may have for notation.

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Each space and line in a measure with a bass clef represents a note. There are some mnemonics to help remember which notes are where. The image below shows each bass clef note, separated by lines (left) and spaces (right). The mnemonics used to remember the notes work from bottom to top.
Lines: Good Boys Do Fine Always - GBDFA
Spaces: All Cows Eat Grass - ACET

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Just like with the bass clef, a measure with a treble clef has mnemonics to help identify the notes on the staff. The image below shows each treble clef note, separated by lines (left) and spaces (right). These mnemonics also work from bottom to top.
Lines: Every Good Boy Does Fine - EGBDF
Spaces: FACE - FACE

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Each clef has another trick to help sort out where the notes lie. Musical notes span from A to G. A note range between two of the same letter is called an octave (ABCDEFGA. The sequence repeats alphabetically moving from bottom to top. The secret lies within the respective clef symbols.

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In the treble clef, the note G is on the second line from the bottom. The treble clef symbol wraps itself around the G line.

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Sometimes notes go beyond the five lines and four spaces. Those notes go on to Ledger Lines. The ledger lines continue the pattern of notes in both directions. Below shows "middle C", representing the C4 key in the middle of a grand piano.

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In music, there are different kinds of notes with different time values. The time value is determined by how many beats that note plays for. image rights: plankchoir.weebly.com

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Dotted rhythms add to the time value of a note. When a dot is placed next to a note, it's time value increases by half of the notes original value.

ex. In the image below, there is a dotted half note on the left. The half note plays for 2 beats by itself. The dot adds half of the original value to the note (1 in this instance). Therefore, the dotted half note plays for 3 beats (2 from HN + 1 from dot). The dotted half note is equal in value of the notes on the right (2 from HN + 1 from QN).

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Its important to know how to write the stems of notes. The key is the middle line of the staff.