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"The popular idea of cutting our emissions in half in 10 years only gives us a 50% chance of staying below 1.5 degrees [Celsius], and the risk of setting off irreversible chain reactions beyond human control.

"Fifty percent may be acceptable to you. But those numbers do not include tipping points, most feedback loops, additional warming hidden by toxic air pollution or the aspects of equity and climate justice. They also rely on my generation sucking hundreds of billions of tons of your CO2 out of the air with technologies that barely exist.

"So a 50% risk is simply not acceptable to us — we who have to live with the consequences.

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"For more than 30 years, the science has been crystal clear. How dare you continue to look away and come here saying that you're doing enough, when the politics and solutions needed are still nowhere in sight.

"You say you hear us and that you understand the urgency. But no matter how sad and angry I am, I do not want to believe that. Because if you really understood the situation and still kept on failing to act, then you would be evil. And that I refuse to believe.

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"My message is that we'll be watching you.

"This is all wrong. I shouldn't be up here. I should be back in school on the other side of the ocean. Yet you all come to us young people for hope. How dare you!

"You have stolen my dreams and my childhood with your empty words. And yet I'm one of the lucky ones. People are suffering. People are dying. Entire ecosystems are collapsing. We are in the beginning of a mass extinction, and all you can talk about is money and fairy tales of eternal economic growth. How dare you!

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"To have a 67% chance of staying below a 1.5 degrees global temperature rise – the best odds given by the [Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change] – the world had 420 gigatons of CO2 left to emit back on Jan. 1st, 2018. Today that figure is already down to less than 350 gigatons.

"How dare you pretend that this can be solved with just 'business as usual' and some technical solutions? With today's emissions levels, that remaining CO2 budget will be entirely gone within less than 8 1/2 years.

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"There will not be any solutions or plans presented in line with these figures here today, because these numbers are too uncomfortable. And you are still not mature enough to tell it like it is.

"You are failing us. But the young people are starting to understand your betrayal. The eyes of all future generations are upon you. And if you choose to fail us, I say: We will never forgive you.

"We will not let you get away with this. Right here, right now is where we draw the line. The world is waking up. And change is coming, whether you like it or not.

"Thank you."

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Click the link for recording... (OPTIONAL)

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Click the link for recording... (OPTIONAL)

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https://youtu.be/TMrtLsQbaok

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Ad hominem, immediately contrasted reluctance and confessed "faith" in the audience; pathos.

She is methodically placing a source of shame and then immediately contrasting it by suggesting that there is still a path to redemption.

Throughout the rest of the speech there is a decisiveness, a certain weight to everything that suggests that she is the harbinger of a climate disaster, but suggests in this paragraph through her final tone that she is doing so quite reluctantly, that she is only doing so because no one else has spoken up, suggesting that perhaps she once had faith in the human nature but now it is shattered.

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Her speech is structured so that this introduction has her using an attacking manner right off the bat; ""My message is that we'll be watching you," and "...all you can talk about is money and fairy tales of eternal economic growth," are some of the key phrases in which she is found directly targeting and attacking her audience. This important choice has made the speech very attention grabbing, as it is an unusual way to start a speech, and one that is considered aggressive. To the audience it is targeted at, it leaves them feeling vulnerable and exposed, as they have someone pointing out their flaws.

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'How dare you!'

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Not only in the above extract but throughout the whole speech, Greta uses a very sharp and quite angry tone, which makes it very direct at the audience and enforces the points she is making, not only in terms of audibility but emotion as well.

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Anaphora: The constant repetition of the phrase 'how dare you' to point the finger at older generations and how they are to blame for climate change. Since the audience is mainly people from the older generation, this technique is used to make them feel guilty. Parents especially would start to take action in order to shape a better world for their children in the future.

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Greta is speaking from the point of view from the younger generation, she is saying that the adults are putting all the problems to the new generation for new hope and she judges the adults as they fail to act on the urgent environmental problems. The effect of this establishes a sense of guilt towards the older people in the audience

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Appeals to emotion and logic: Greta relies on the logical information which evokes an emotional reaction from the audience. The facts present the audience with a frightening outcome which evokes an emotional response from the audience. This is because the audience are adults and they reflect their current actions on the environment which Greta explained through logic, with the future generation such as their children. This makes them feel emotional as they compare the facts with their children suffering.

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Inductive - Basically the first layer of the speech. She uses the inductive device by concluding with evidence.

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Perspective: "And if you choose to fail us, I say: We will never forgive you." - Greta conveys her generation's perspective to the audience and warns them about their actions by speaking about the dire consequences her generation will have to deal with if the current situation is not improved.

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ETHOS- Greta utilises personal pronouns such as we or you to create a dynamic of right and wrong alluding to the audience(government officials) to being incompetent and the consequences directly impacting people like her(the young). It establishes her as relevent in the subject for she has a motivation behind her speech and creates a somewhat uncomfortable position for the opposition as she is the younger person talking down upon well established people.
IMAGERY- Greta invokes imagery through lines such as 'They also rely on my generation sucking hundreds of billions of tons of your CO2 out of the air' and 'setting off irreversible chain reactions beyond human control.' to give magnitude to the issue playing into emotion.
TONE- Greta positions her speech so she is attacking the audience who are the government officials who fail to commit to solving the climate crisis, this aggressive tone plays well into the ethos and dynamic.

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Realism- "There will not be any solutions or plans presented in line with these figures here today". She states that even though she is making a speech and addressing issues people will not do anything or come up with solutions, in an ideal world or ideal thinking we would just act as if people are trying to make plans.

Diction- "And you are still not mature enough to tell it like it is." The use of "still not mature enough" harsh words with corresponding tone to make a point.

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Catharsis- "The eyes of all future generations are upon you." She uses Catharsis by showing pity and stating future generations are witnessing a tragedy, and those adults are failing future generation by not taking action, essentially guilting them into rethinking their choices, evoking a sense of realization towards her target audience.

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Pathos: "... because these numbers are too uncomfortable. And you are still not mature enough to tell it like it is." - By pointing out on the maturity of the audience, Greta puts forth the bitter reality. She does this with an intention to change perspectives and priorities of her audience; transitioning them from thinking with a mindset dedicated to economic profit to a mindset dedicated to preserve nature.

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Methodically using syntax to place them in a position of shame in the beginning of the extract, through saying things like “how dar you… say that you’re doing enough… you would be evil” but then juxtaposes at the end of the extract when she refuses to believe their evil, showing that she alienates them as the antagonist in the story however ‘balances’ it out by showing that she does not believe they understand their actions

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Foreshadowing- "change is coming whether you like it or not." Foreshadowing is used to show the destruction that will ensue if adults are not taking into account their failed actions and responsibilities. Change will spark as the future generations are realizing and maturing in order to do what "adults" have failed to.

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Pronouns:
The use of various pronouns used to create an imaginary distance between the young communities and the audience"50% may be acceptable to You". This creates a sense of distance between the "evil" adults and the young playing the role of the "pray".

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As the audience keeps ignoring the problem the situations worsens. As a result, Greta is insinuating that the audience should act now. She guilt trips the audience into acting to find a solution.

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The main persuasive method that she uses to convince her her audience that the issue is critical is pathos, using the emotion and inflection in her voice to present her desperation and emotion. She uses tone and theme to evoke guilt in her audience, making them more likely to listen and understand her point of view through attempting to rectify their mistake. She goes further when she talks about her perspective, how their actions have changed her life and point of view in order to highlight the gravity of the issue.

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In this extract Greta uses heavy numerical and statistical values to back up her otherwise emotionally appealing speech, as much of the issue concerns amounts and numbers. She creates a balance between emotional and logical appeal.

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Didactic: "We will not let you get away with this. Right here, right now is where we draw the line." - Here, Greta firmly states that the targeted audience will have to end what they have started. It is not only for the current generation to take care of and deal with the consequences of the harm done to the environment.

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How Dare You, for you own goods leave us suffocating for decades to come. How Dare You, be this selfish , this FOOLISH. How dare You, leave us stranded while tricking us into believing your pathetic solutions are doing anything. How can You SLEEP the NIGHTS when YOUR actions are making 12 species EXTINCT EVERY DAY, EVERY     SINGLE     DAY.
HOW DARE YOU.

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https://fs.blog/2012/04/david-foster-wallace-this-is-water/
Anecdote: He uses an anecdote as a metaphor to two different peoples beliefs.
Contradiction: In the analogy he uses contradicting beliefs about the characters to describe a contrast in the characters, but also to allow the audience to realize the bigger picture that although different beliefs these two characters were still the same.
Pathos: the speech makes the audience feel emotional when he says "As I’m sure you guys know by now, it is extremely difficult to stay alert and attentive, instead of getting hypnotised by the constant monologue inside your own head (may be happening right now).". this quote makes the audeince reflect on their past choices through a relatable quote.

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"I Have A Dream" Speech - Martin Luther King Jr. 

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"I Have A Dream" Speech - Martin Luther King Jr. 

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https://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkihaveadream.htm

Repetition:
The repetition of the phrase "I have a dream" constantly reminds the audience that this is a dream of his and makes the speech more personal. It reinforces that Martin Luther King jr. is hopeful of his dreams coming true.

Anaphora: The phrase "100 years later" is used at the start of multiple sentences. This emphasizes how long the injustice has gone  unchecked.

Metaphor: Justice and Banks
In the speech, Martin Luther King jr. compares justice to currency at a bank, saying "we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is bankrupt". This illustrates how unfairly the african americans were being treated, when they look for justice it is claimed that there is none to spare.

Tone: Throughout the speech, Martin Luther King jr. speaks with confidence and urgency, which gives the audience a desire to do their part and make an effort for change.

Ethos: Martin Luther King jr. is a well known african american rights activist, making him credible and  causing this speech to garner nationwide attention.

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"I Have A Dream" Speech - Martin Luther King Jr.

https://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkihaveadream.htm

Anaphora/Repetition - This term describes the most famous part of the speech: King’s repetition of “I have a dream.” - illustrating that this is his dream, and that he is speaking this into existence so that it may come true.

Extended Metaphor - King equates light with freedom through the speech.
Here are two examples:

This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice. It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of their captivity.

Now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice.

In the 3rd and 4th paragraph, King plays with the extended metaphor of extending a check.

In a sense we have come to our nation’s capital to cash a check.

Hyperbole - King is using lots of “alls” and “every”s. But this hyperbole belies a seriousness; he believes that true justice will only come when every person believes in freedom for all.

Parallelism - Go back to Mississippi, go back to Alabama, go back to South Carolina, go back to Georgia, go back to Louisiana, go back to the slums and ghettos of our northern cities, knowing that somehow this situation can and will be changed.

With this faith we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day.

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This is a warning. I have not come here to beg world leaders to care. You have ignored us in the past, and will continue to ignore us. There are no more excuses, theres not time left. Some may still deny the overwhelming judgment of science, but no one can ignore the devastating impact of raging fires and devastating drought. You are stealing our future, and selling it as domestic product. Change is coming, change will ensue, heed this message. This is a global warming.

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Forget Shorter Showers-https://orionmagazine.org/article/forget-shorter-showers/
Juxtaposition: At the very start of this documentary there were several uses of juxtaposition that were mentioned. “Would any sane person think that dumpster dying would have stopped hitler.” These two topics the action and the point in history are different, they have nothing to do with each other however in the speech they are paired together to show the audience how unlikely it would be.

Rhetorical Question: At the start of the documentary there are questions asked for the purpose of showing the audience how unlikely it is. They asked would any sane person think that? and stated different aspects that make people think about the question without having to answer it.

Logos: There were statistics relating to the idea the person is trying to convey. “Scientific consensus is that emissions must be reduced by at least 75 percent worldwide.” Helping the audience have faith in the words of the speaker.

Anaphora: At the start of each new paragraph or section of the documentary, the sections being global warming, water and energy, the speaker says Or let’s talk, this is a transitional phrase that is repeated to help the audience know a new section has begun.

Point of view: Throughout the speech the speaker is trying to show the audience his point of view. Trying to make people understand that their point of view is the same and trying to make large corporations or companies understand the speaker's point of view.

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How dare you steal my dreams of doing what I want to do. I shouldn't have to stand up here talking to people about how they should have treated the Earth better before it is too late. I shouldn't have to despise other humans for destroying the homes of millions of animals. I should be able to live my life happily doing what I want to do, but instead I have to come up here and lecture a bunch of people on why they need to start treating the world better for future generations and so animals can live in harmony once again. How Dare you steal from me which should have been freedom and instead, you give me a rotting world, which all i can do to help is shout at people who should have treated the world better.

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(goes in between excerpt of group 2 and 3)

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(goes in between excerpt of group 2 and 3)

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At the end of the day, you are all people. You have friends, families, brothers, sisters, children, and parents. Even if you don't care about your own future, do it for them! You shouldn't be having someone, a child tell you what to do, for you to recognise that your actions are wrong; no, as much as I wanted to believe in you, I realised that you come here to maybe hear a few words, propose some superficial measures, then pat yourselves on the back while the media applauds your "efforts". You shouldn't be trying to pretend to be solving this problem because it is a tragedy, but because soon, it will become YOUR tragedy, the tragedy of your sons and daughters, and of my generation and many more to come! Because no matter what you think, you cannot sit there and trust in human nature, and have hope that maybe we'll reach unrealistic targets, where every person must hypothetically contribute, but you must hold those and yourselves, you who are responsible for this, to account; the burning of the Brazilian rainforests to make space for land, the extinction of polar bears and cod and countless other animals.

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'Freedom or Death', Emmaline Pankhurst
Perspective - " If I were a man and I said to you, "I come from a country which professes to have representative institutions and yet denies me, a taxpayer, an inhabitant of the country, representative rights," you would at once understand that that human being" Here Emmaline Pankhurst gives the audience perspective on what it's like to be a woman, people don't take you as seriously as a man.
Syllogism - Emmaline calls out the audience for being naive and believing everything they read on newspapers, she shares with them the truth as she does this she also uses Ethos as she refers to the audience by using the personal pronouns "you"
Rhetorical question - "How are they going to persuade people that they ought to have the vote by breaking their windows?" you say." Emmaline says what the audience is thinking and then enlightens them by answering the question and giving them a better understanding to the women's revolution to have the right to vote from the perspective of a woman, the intended audience are most likely men who wouldn't comprehend the struggles a woman has to endure on a daily basis just because they aren't seen as equal to men.

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i cant believe that i am actually in need to talk to all of you about this. you all have family or people you care about or should at least. So even if you do not care about your own future then you should at least try and take better care of the earth your children will be walking on at one point in life. i shouldn't feel hate towards people because they are destroying animals homes and killing them. i shouldn't have to talk about us destroying the earth and us being too late to save it. now you probably came here to suggest some kind of idea that might slow down the issue or provide a superficial fix but we all know you didn't come here to actually fix the issue. you came here to feel proud of yourself or to hope you become famous for it. but that same take take take that we as humans do is the exact same thing that destroyed our earth. we wanted farms, we just took some random animals and did it. we wanted land, we just killed millions of animals and cut down hundreds of trees for it.

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Malala Yousafzai's speech to the UN.
Anaphora - Malala uses the phrase 'we call upon...' repetitively. This engages the audience