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After the attack of Fort Sumter, four more states joined the Confederacy but the Union still had more states than them. Lincoln saw this as an advantage for the Union but it wasn't. In the First Battle of Bull Run, the Confederacy won the battle against a bigger army. This made Lincoln realize that winning the war wouldn't be easy so he enlisted 500,000 more soldiers to fight with the Union. The Union tried to weaken the Confederacy by establishing a blockade on their trade with other nations. The Confederacy had a new general named, Robert E.Lee. He was a very strong leader that helped the Confederacy win many battles. In August 1862, Lee invaded the Union territory in Maryland but General McClellan forced Lee to retreat to Antietam Creek in September. The battle of Antietam was between McClellan’s Army of the Potomac and Lee's army. It turned out to be a violent battle because many people from both sides died. The Union won the battle and Lee's army went back to Virginia. McClellan was removed from the Army of the Potomac because he was to hesitant to purse Lee and his army.

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During the first half of the 19th century, slavery was a normal practice in the South. It was far less common in the North however, and seen as "immoral" by Northerners. Southerners, despite the dislike for slavery in the North, wanted slavery to move further west. Northerners opposed the idea, which resulted in several states seceding from the Union and formed their own "nation:" The Confederate states of America. President at the time, Abraham Lincoln, refused to recognize them as a legitimate nation. The Confederate states then attacked and took over the Union military fort "Fort Sumter." This attack marked the begin of the Civil War.

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Commander of Confederate ( Robert E. Lee)

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Commander of Confederate ( Robert E. Lee)

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Lincoln made Ulysses S. Grant the commander of all of the Union because he thought that Grant was  a good leader that would help the Union win the War. Grant was able to take control of Vicksburg, Mississippi which was a Confederacy city. Grant and Lees had many violent battles together but both armies didn't get victories from those battles. General William Tecumseh Sherman captured the city of Atlanta, Georgia and the city of Savannah. He captured the city of Savannah in December during the March to the Sea. General Sherman then captured South and North Carolina in 1865.

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Grant and his troops continued to attack Richmond and Petersburg until April of 1865. As a result, the Confederacy began to retreat back to the South. Lee planned to meet the Union army here in a final attempt to turn the advantage in the Confederacy's favor. While retreating however, general Grant of the Union intercepted the retreat at the Appomattox Court House in Virginia. Outnumbered, Lee surrendered to the Union army. Soon after, general Sherman accepted a second Confederate surrender, this time in North Carolina. These surrenders basically ended the war, and slavery was abolished across the entirety of the United States. Over 640,000 lives were lost in the war.

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The Confederacy was able to keep the advantage all the way into late 1862. In 1863 however, several actions were able to shift the advantage into the North's favor. One of these events was the Emancipation Proclamation being written, which stated that all slaves should be freed from captivity. The goal of this was to destroy the Confederate economy by cutting off their main source of labor. However, the Confederacy had a very strong group of generals and, despite having a very weak economy, were able to have a strong advantage all the way through mid 1863. However, in June of that same year, general Robert E. Lee ordered his troops into Maryland and southern Pennsylvania. It was here that a callosal battle near the small town of Gettysburg commenced. In this battle, one-third of the Confederate army was killed, which forced Lee to retreat to Virginia. This is often credited as the beginning of the Confederacy's downfall.

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Abolitionists- a person who favors the abolition of a practice or institution like slavery
immoral- not conforming to accepted standards of morality
intensified- become or make more intense
siege- a military operation in which enemy forces surround a town or building, cutting off essential supplies, with the aim of compelling the surrender of those inside

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The Civil War was a four year war with the Northern and Southern states of America. The alliance between these two were for the rights of slavery. The northern side didn’t want to continue the slave path however, the Confederacy still wanted slaves. Over the course of four years the Union successful won in 1865.