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DNA stores and transmits genetic information from one generation of living things to the next.

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- Started studying DNA in 1950.
- She purified DNA then stretched the fibers in a thin tube so that most of the strands were parallel.
- Aimed an X-ray beam at DNA and recorded the scattering pattern X- shaped pattern shows that DNA is twisted around each other like coils of a spring (Helix)

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- Used Rosalind Franklin's notes to build a 3D model of the molecule, taking advantage of her work.
- They were not able to explain DNA's properties.

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Chargaff discovered that the percentages of Adenine [A] and Thymine [T] bases are equal in a sample of DNA and the same was true for Guanine [G] and Cytosine [C]

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- Two strands are anti-parallel.
- The nitrogen bases on both strands are in contact.
- Hydrogen bonds are between the nitrogen bases.
- Adenine pairs with Thymine and Guanine pairs with Cytosine.

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The DNA that makes up genes must be able to store, copy, and transmit the genetic information in a cell.

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The structure of DNA includes Nucleotides joined into long strands to make up nucleic acids. The structure consists of a Phosphate group, deoxyribose (5-carbon sugar), and a nitrogenous base (Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, or Cytosine).

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1866

Gregor Mendel published the results of his investigations of the inheritance of "factors" in pea plants.

1869
Friedrich Miescher discovers "nuclein" in the pus of discarded surgical bandages.

1952
Rosalind Franklin & Raymond Gosling produce single X-ray diffraction image.

1953
James Watson & Francis Crick suggest the first correct double-helix model of DNA structure.

1958
Meselson-Stahl experiment confirms replication mechanism as implied by the double-helical structure.