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                           "Caribbean Civilization"...?

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                           "Caribbean Civilization"...?

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A civilization is a society that has reached an advanced stage of social development and organization. It expresses the culture and way of life of that particular area.
A Caribbean Civilization, therefore, is the norms and values and the different cultures that are indigenous to the Caribbean and its people.

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                The Caribbean is a distinct Civilization. 

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                The Caribbean is a distinct Civilization. 

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The book "Beyond Massa- Sugar Management in the British Caribbean, 1770-1834" by Dr. John F. Campbell played a major role in emphasizing that the Caribbean is a distinct civilization. This is because Caribbean societies have developed and obtained an identity of its own through its historical experiences and cultural expressions. The book sought to explain Caribbean history, slavery and life on the sugar plantations furthermore, that of the relationship between the enslaved Africans and their masters, as well as, the affairs of the sugar plantations. Dr. Campbell also focused on chattel slavery during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries on the sugar estates of the British Caribbean, primarily that of Jamaica’s Golden Grove plantation.

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African American & Caribbean American | Jouelzy

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                            Sugar became "KING".

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                            Sugar became "KING".

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On sailing across the Atlantic Ocean in 1492, Christopher Columbus anchored his ship into the Caribbean region bringing with him the essence of European consciousness and euro centrism. As development began, the quest for gold and mineral wealth by the many European interlopers failed tremendously. As such, the Europeans longed for an alternative profit making source in which sugarcane popularized. Sugarcane production was to rein the Caribbean islands. The sugarcane was first introduced in the Caribbean by the Spanish and Portuguese settlers. In the 17th century, sugarcane production by the Dutch gave rise in Brazil which showcased its potential of becoming profitable not only as a crop but also for capital investments and improvements. However, the Dutch were expelled from Pernambuco in 1654 and they migrated to Barbados. Barbados sugar industry was soon challenged by the growing industry in British-controlled Jamaica. Sugar production in Jamaica prospered mainly because they had a vast amount of fertile land and development was encouraged by land grants. One such plantation that was evident of this transformation was that of the Golden Grove plantation.

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              Sugar Production was Labor Intensive.

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              Sugar Production was Labor Intensive.

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The first set of labor used was the native Caribbean NeoIndian peoples. However, their period on the plantations were short as many of them died due to being overworked and plagued with diseases brought by their masters. As a result, labor schemes were introduced using white bonded servants from Europe which comprised of convicts, refugees and debtors. Soon, these laborers were seen as unfit and unsuitable for the job. Nonetheless, African labor had proven to be the best suited due to their low cost and the belief that African people had no souls and would be ideal for the inhumane work of the estates. Consequently, the importation of African people to work on the sugar plantations was then legalized.

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The history of sugar's rise to prominence as the "white gold" of the Caribbean became the passion of an MTSU language professor. Dr. Ric Morris, who teaches Spanish and linguistics in the Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures, produced "Cuba in the Raw: A Story of Sugar," featured at a public screening at the Paul W.

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After hundreds of years toiling on sugar plantations and facing harsh working conditions, the enslaved Africans were emancipated in 1834.

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                                     Indentureship. 

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                                     Indentureship. 

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After slavery had ended, planters continued the search for other sources of labor to work on the sugar plantations.  Indentured laborers were brought into the Caribbean to replace the African slaves. These laborers included:

Chinese

Freed Africans

Whites

Portuguese

Syrians

Lebanese

East Indians

The East Indians of all labor schemes were best suited as they were the largest group of immigrants and were also influenced by many push factors such as the decline of industries, decline of agriculture, caste system, taxation, low wages and mutiny. Indian indentureship was similar to that of slavery as Indians faced harsh working conditions and poor living, however, unlike the Africans, they were paid a wage and were brought on contract after which they were promised repatriation but as this was costly, they were permitted to own land as a persuasive method. In 1917, Indian indentureship came to an end.

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                       The Colors of the Caribbean.

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                       The Colors of the Caribbean.

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Various schemes of labor from many countries were brought into the Caribbean each with their unique culture. They brought with them their:

religion

cuisine

dress

music

language

This therefore added to the cultural development of the Caribbean and its societies. The Caribbean today is one of a multi-colored society as a result of its historical pass. Thus, there are people of different races, ethic groups and background that reside in the Caribbean. Many religions were created and some were maintained for example the Indians as they were allowed to practice their religion. Consequently, varied cultures were present and many festivals arose which brought the Caribbean together as one people.

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                          The Integration Movement.

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                          The Integration Movement.

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Integration means bringing the different islands together to make a unified whole.

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                         West Indies Cricket Board.

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                         West Indies Cricket Board.

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Cricket is the only game in the Caribbean that fields a regional team which has proven to be a unifying force for the region. West Indies colonies began playing cricket matches as early as 1860s however, there were few blacks on the team as the game was color coded. It was a white man's game. By 1928, the WICB was responsible for the administration and organisation of cricket in the region. Cricket players have always been from several Caribbean territories which fostered and promoted a national pride and a sense of Caribbean identity. Cricket also allowed the Caribbean to be placed on the map. Cricket has also brought Caribbean people together as they would enjoy matches and and cheer on the team.

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                   The University of the West Indies. 

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                   The University of the West Indies. 

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UWI was first established in 1948 in Mona, Jamaica followed in 1960 in St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago and Cave Hill, Barbados in 1963. They provided coordination and facilitation for much of the cultural development within the region by allowing students to travel throughout the region and become acquainted with the diverse Caribbean culture. In turn, this allowed to deepen the integration process. Also, UWI assisted in the development of science, business, agriculture and technology within the region. UWI also provides an advantage to Caribbean people as they would now be able to study within the region rather than abroad.

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                                         Carnival

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                                         Carnival

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Carnival, the festival of color, is one of the Caribbean's major movement to integration as it brings together people of the Caribbean of different races and culture. Many people flock to Trinidad and Tobago for Carnival and Crop Over in Barbados where they partake in the festivities and enjoy themselves dancing to loud soca music and the sound of the steel pan. Wearing their costumes, masqueraders would parade the streets beautifying them with their bright colors. Carnival is therefore a true reflection of Caribbean oneness. Although this is so, Carnival is a major source of revenue for most countries as foreign exchange increases. This is because many foreigners from around the world come to participate in the activities and in addition, it also benefits local businesses, hotels and tourism as many go site seeing.

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                                       One Love.

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                                       One Love.

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Caribbean Civilization as one of my courses has taught me how to appreciate the Caribbean as one society so that its people would stand tall and proud with pride as a unified force. It emphasized on the Caribbean historical past and that we the people should be grateful as they were our stepping stone and we should continue to uplift ourselves as "One Caribbean One People".