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They have a lack of proper waste disposal and

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People in rural areas have no access to fridges to keep their food fresh, thus,  if left out too long , the food will start decomposing. And when the people consume the rotten food, it may result in food poisoning

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The houses may be damp and mouldy because of the lack of proper sanitation which can link to a number of health issues, including respiratory symptoms, nausea and vomiting and general ill health.

Humidity in the dwelling can cause condensation which encourages the growth of mould. Damp areas are also associated with an increase in house dust mites. Both of these are known allergens which can affect the health of the residents.

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People illegally throw waste into rivers. When it accumulates, this may be a breeding ground for mosquitoes, thus, there may be a dengue outbreak. People who step on the rubbish may get cut, thus resulting in injuries.

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People may get diseases such as cholera or dysentery.

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Houses can be built illegally and the owners may live in constant fear of being evicted for a long time. Some houses are built on steep slopes or low lying areas, which is very dangerous. Some of these places are overcrowded with people and there is even less space which means it would be more difficult for people to escape when a disaster occurs.

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When there is poor housing, there may not be access to clean piped water, waste disposal and toilets due to the lack of infrastructure.

This can lead to many health issues when the residents consume the dirty water.

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The houses are in a densely and disorderly order. During an emergency, the people may not be able to evacuate quickly or rescue missions may be hampered.

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Houses may have weak foundations, unstable walls and roofs made of poor quality materials like zinc and cardboard.  These   materials are highly flammable and can catch fire easily.
The materials of the houses may not be able to protect the residents from the cold weather at night or the hot weather in the day.
These houses may collapse easily during natural disaster such as floods and landslides due to the lack of proper foundation as the houses are makeshift and are thus not built with stability.