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Watch the video describing what is beyond Earth into the unknown.

Click on the links; read the article or watch the video

https://youtu.be/-9WjtRRiov0

https://youtu.be/eW4eaKbq6io

https://youtu.be/ic9_mxsmD_o

Answer the following questions:

a.    What do you call the boundary between the inner planets and the outer planets just beyond the asteroid belt?

b.    Why is Jupiter likened to a “protective older sibling” to the earth?

c.     What term is used to describe Jupiter (largest planet) and Saturn (second largest planet)?  What term is used to describe Uranus and Neptune?

d.    According to the video, what would have happened to the solar system had Saturn reached the same size as Jupiter and why is this fortunate for us?

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Scientists use the Hubble Space Telescope and other instruments on earth and in the orbiting International Space Station to study distant star systems.

A nebula is a huge cloud of space dust. Immanuel Kant, a philosopher, first put forth the nebular theory about the origin of our solar system.

Click on the link; read the article or watch the video

https://youtu.be/ZDXhn1fmeGg

Answer the ff. questions:

a.    According to the video, what insights do scientists get about our own solar system when they study distant star systems?

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Ever since the earliest men had looked up at the nigh time sky, they have often asked:  What are those sparkling lights?  What is the connection between us and them?

Click on the link; read the article or watch the video

https://youtu.be/uzn9SJsn_uw

Answer the ff. questions:

a.    Based on what the characters had said, how do we perceive what the stars are?

b.    Which character gave the most accurate description of what the stars are?

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Watch the video describing the characteristics of the four inner planets:  Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars.

Click on the link; read the article or watch the video

https://youtu.be/SeCW-RVqOjU

Answer the questions:

a.    Mercury and Venus are names of Gods in Roman mythology.  Their counterparts in Greek mythology are Hermes and Aphrodite respectively.  It is from their names – Hermes (male) + Aphrodite (female) – that we derive the term used in describing an organism which contains both the male and female reproductive organs.  What is this organism called?

b.    According to the video, what is the nickname given to the Earth that is derived from a famous children’s fairy tale?  Explain briefly why this is so.

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The moon rotates about around its axis in the same time as it takes to make one revolution around the earth.  That is why the same side of the moon always faces us.

Everyone of us is like the moon; we all have our bright side and our dark side.

Watch the video describing the birth of our moon.

Click on the link; read the article or watch the video

https://youtu.be/hSXJAaDhQis

Answer the question:

a.    What is the most accepted theory about how the moon was formed?  Explain briefly.

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Kindly work on the tasks assigned to your class number. 

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Kindly work on the tasks assigned to your class number. 

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CN 1-14: TASKS 1-3
CN 15-28: TASKS 4-6
CN 29-40/41: TASKS 7-9

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Watch the video to refresh your memory about the two different models of the solar system – the earth-centered and sun-centered models.

The ancient astronomer Claudius Ptolemy is generally considered to be the one who formulated the former and the Polish monk Nicolas Copernicus the latter.

Click on the link; read the article or watch the video

https://youtu.be/k9RMZlug7cg

Answer this question:

a.    What is meant by retrograde motion?  (Hint:  If you are familiar with the term “retro” you should know this one.)

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Watch how gravity played an important part in the formation of our solar system.

Click on the link; read the article or watch the video

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w6MlV92yA2E

Answer the question:

a.    What is the process called in which gravity caused smaller pieces to form into larger pieces of matter during the formation of our solar system?

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Click on the link; read the article or watch the video on Nebular Theory

https://youtu.be/fREpF0EbyIY

Answer this question:

a.    How does the nebular theory explain the existence of the universe and its components?

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Gustav Holst composed a suite – a collection of musical works entitled “The Planets” – based on the astrological characteristics of the planets.  The most famous piece of music in this suite is entitled “Mars - The Bringer of War”

Click on the link; read the article or watch the video

https://youtu.be/qz6LPNewf8k

Answer the following questions:

a.    Holst completed his suite sometime around 1916.  Aside from Earth, Pluto is missing from this suite. Why was Pluto missing?  You may have to do additional research for this.

b.    Gustav Holst’s “The Planets” is said to be the inspiration of this composer for the soundtrack of one of the most popular film franchises ever. Who is this composer and what is this film franchise?

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a. The organism is called Hermaphrodite. The word is used to describe an individual who possess both male and female reproductive organs.

b. The Earth has been given the nickname "The Goldilocks Planet." It has been called "The Goldilocks Planet" because its temperature and its distance from the sun is just right like the oatmeal Goldilocks ate.

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a. The most accepted theory about how the moon was formed is called "The Giant-Impact Theory." It states that the debris formed from the collision between Earth and Thea (size of Mars) amalgamated and formed into the Moon.

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A. Based on the video, stars are perceived by stories and assumptions. Both parties shared what they learned or heard about stars and based on what they said, they usually look at its luminosity size, and how distant they are to each other.

B. Out of all the people who shared their stories I would say Shrek has the most logical explanation despite everyone having a questionable take. Just as Shrek said, he says that the stars make some object and all that. Like in real life we can always pretend or assume that stars make designs,. One example can be the big dipper

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a.    Based on what the characters had said, how do we perceive what the stars are?

Based on what the characters said, stars tell stories, places where people from the past watch over us, and balls of gas burning billions of miles away.

b.    Which character gave the most accurate description of what the stars are?

According to scientists, stars are huge celestial bodies of gases primarily hydrogen and helium that shines by radiation derived from their internal energy sources. Therefore, Pumba gave the most accurate description because he thought that stars are balls of gas burning billions of miles away.

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The video says that Scientists can use observations to determine since the process of Solar system emerging is similar to the process of distant star systems

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a. The boundary between inner and outer planets beyond the Asteroid belt is called the frost line.

b. The Jupiter is likened to a "protective older sibling" to the Earth because Jupiter deflects the icy comets that may hit the Earth.

c. The term used to describe Jupiter and Saturn is "gas giants." while the term used to describe Uranus and Neptune is "ice giants."

d. According to the video, if Saturn reached the same size as Jupiter, both of the planets will "knock out" all the other planets. We are very fortunate because if Saturn was just a bit bigger then the Earth we live in would have been destroyed.

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The process is called accretion. It is when smaller particles turn bigger

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a. Hermaphrodite is what you call an organism that has both the male and female reproductive organs. Hermaphroditus is the son of Hermes and Aphrodite. He was born as a handsome boy, yet was transformed into one form as an answer to the prayers of naiad Salmacis for them to be united forever.

b. "Goldilocks Planet" is the nickname given to the Earth. "It's not too hot, not too cold, orbiting at just the right distance from the Sun." Just like what happened in the story, Goldilocks made sure that the porridge she would eat was at just the right temperature.

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The organism is the Hermaphrodite. This is the unity of Hermes and Aphrodite which contains both the male and female reproductive organs. This is sometimes referred to as the perfect balance of unified male and female principles.

The nickname given to Earth is the "Goldilocks Planet". This is because the Earth is not too hot yet not too cold meaning it is the perfect distance from the Sun. This gives the Earth the right conditions to sustain life.

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The most accepted theory about the moon's formation is that in the early Solar System, an impact between the Earth and Thea (a body the size of mars), ejected billions of tons of rock from the Earth. The ejected material is attracted by the Earth's gravity which eventually clumps together into the moon.

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Scientists were shocked to find out that the lunar samples contained materials that were once found on the Earth. This led to the formation of the most accepted theory on how the Moon was formed, Giant-Impact Theory, proposing that it was formed during a collision between the Earth and "another planet" (Theia). Before this, there was a theory that suggested that the early Solar System had around 20 planet-sized objects orbiting the Sun.

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According to the video, by crucially observing distant stars as they form, scientists also learn more about the origin of our own solar system. Through this, they are able to look back in time and study the processes that caused the creation of distant star systems that may be related to or the same to what happened to our own solar system.

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The boundary between the inner planets and the outer planets just beyond the asteroid belt is the frost line.

Jupiter is like a "protective older sibling" because its gravity changes the course of most comets that are headed for Earth.

Jupiter and Saturn are called gas giants while Uranus and Neptune are called ice giants.

If Saturn reached the same size as Jupiter, they would knock out all of the other plants in the solar system. We are lucky the Saturn did not grow this way since if this happened, the Earth will no longer be able to sustain life as it will be knocked out of the Goldilocks zone.

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The gravitational attraction among the smaller pieces caused them to cling together and form larger particles, which attracted more solid particles. This process is referred to as accretion.

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The boundary between the inner and outer planets beyond the asteroid belt is called the frost line which lies between Mars and Jupiter.

Jupiter is likened to a "protective older sibling" because it protects the inner Solar System by changing the trajectory of icy comets that could hit us. This happens due to its large size, resulting in a powerful gravitational force.

Jupiter and Saturn are the gas giants, while Uranus and Neptune are the ice giants.

If Saturn reached the same size as Jupiter, both of these planets would knock out and destroy all the other planets. We are fortunate that this isn't the case because most likely, the Earth would not exist if Saturn was just a little bit bigger.

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a. An organism that contains both the male and female reproductive organs is called a Hermaphrodite. This term is also from the name of Hermes and Aphrodite's child, Hermaphroditus, who is said to be partly male and partly female.

b.  The Earth is also called "The Goldilocks Planet" as it has the perfect distance from the sun, making it have balanced temperatures. This makes it habitable and most suited for life forms. This nickname was also coined with reference to Goldilocks' porridge which just has the right and perfect temperature, as said in the fairytale.

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a. The term “Hermaphrodite”  is used in describing an organism which contains male and female reproductive organs.

b. The nickname given to the Earth comes from the story Goldilocks. It is called “The Goldilocks Planet” because based from the story, the oatmeal eaten by Goldilocks is just the same as the planet Earth. Specifically, they’re same on the distance (to Sun) and temperature.

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a. A new theory was formed because of a violent and devastating scenario that involved the Earth experiencing a head on interplanetary smash, the Giant-Impact Theory. In other words, it states that the materials/debris from the direct collision between Earth and Theia was the reason why the moon was formed. It is also the most accepted theory on how the moon existed.

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a. Frost line is the boundary between the inner and outer planets beyond the asteroid belt.

b. Jupiter is more likely to be a protective older sibling because that planet can shield the Earth from incoming icy comets (may also change their direction).

c. Jupiter (largest) and Saturn (second largest) are called gas giants. Uranus and Neptune are called ice giants.

d. If that case happened, all our lives and all planets will be destroyed. Luckily, that didn’t happen because if it did, I may not be able to exist right now.

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a. The most acceptable theory about how the moon was formed is the Giant Impact Theory. In this theory, it is believed that the moon is a product of a collision between the Earth and Theia. This theory is seen as the most acceptable one as the lunar rocks found on the moon are materials that were also once found on Earth.

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a. Based on what the characters said, we trend to recognize patterns in the stars and assign these patterns stories to try and relate them to what we see on earth.
b. Pumba gave the most accurate description of what a star really is. Stars are essentially glowing balls  gas really far away.

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By studying distant star systems in the process of being formed, we can figure out how our own solar system was formed. We can figure out stars similar to our own start with a spinning cloud of gas and other material, eventually collapsing into a star. Through examining the origins of star systems similar to our own, we can figure out how our own system must have formed.

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The process by which particles gradually collide into each other forming larger particles over time is called accretion.

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a. Based on what the characters said, we mostly see stars as things that can guide us and that can tell us stories.

b. The character that gave the most accurate description is Pumbaa because he said that they are balls of gas from billions of miles away which is the closest description to what the stars actually are.

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According to the video, the scientist said that when they are observing star and planet formation, they are effectively looking back in time. Because of this they said that it is possible that our solar system was also formed in the same way as the others they have observed.

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The process in which gravity caused smaller pieces to form into larger pieces of matter is called accretion.

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A. From the video the Disney characters perceived stars as stories, places, fireflies stuck in they sky, it's also percieved as people's ancestors watch over them, and balls of gas burning billions of miles away.

B. Based on the information we know stars, it's mostly made up from gasses like hydrogen and helium that lights up due to nuclear radiation inside their cores. Meaning that Pumba gave the most accurate description that the stars are balls of gas burning billions of miles away.

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a.  Beyond the asteroid belt is the frost line. This is the boundary between the inner and outer planets.

b.  Jupiter is likened to a "protective older sibling" to the Earth as it "protects" the Earth from comets by changing these comets' direction and path. This happens because of Jupiter's great volume and gravitational influence.

c.  Jupiter and Saturn are called gas giants. On the other hand, Uranus and Neptune are called ice giants.

d.  If Saturn reached the same size as Jupiter, these two planets will knock out all the other planets in the solar system. This makes the fact that this did not happen fortunate for us.

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From the video scientists observes star system formations, and they are looking back in the past since they said that there is a possibility that our solar system was also formed in the same way as the star systems they have observed.

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1. a. Based on Shrek’s perception of stars, stars are more than what they appear to be, for they tell stories. For Donkey, stars are just dots in the sky. Similarly, Timon views stars as “fireflies that got stuck up in [the sky].” On the other hand, Pumbaa always thought that stars were big balls of gas burning miles and miles away, while Simba believes stars to be people watching over them on Earth.

b. Without a doubt, Pumbaa gave the most accurate description of what stars are, as he said that stars are balls of gas in the sky.

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2. By studying distant star systems, scientists take a step back and learn more about our own solar system. For instance, if they observe the collapse of a nebula, they would also infer that this is how our nebula collapsed billions of years ago. Hence, studying other star systems allows scientists to get a sneak peak of what happened back in time.

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The process in which small particles colide with each other to form into larger pieces of matter is called accretion

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3. Accretion is the process by which gravitational force attracts and accumulates particles to form a massive body. Some examples of the process of accretion are stars and planets.

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29 TY Tyron Lenard Pua                                         Task 7: The neglected "planet"      

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29 TY Tyron Lenard Pua                                         Task 7: The neglected "planet"      

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A. Holst particularly completed his suite more than a century ago. According to (Murakame, 2015), it is evident that Pluto was missing from the picture as it was never discovered until the year 1930, 14 years after he already completed and released his full suite. After Pluto's discovery, Holst didn't bother adding it to his suite anymore as his Planets suite had already  been too popular to the point that people had no more interest in listening to his other compositions.
Reference:
Murakame, M. (2015, July 15). Pluto that Gustav Holst didn't compose. Galaxy Music Notes. Retrieved October 13, 2021, from https://galaxymusicnotes.com/blogs/news/37665473-pluto-that-gustav-holst-didnt-compose.

B. According to (Spendelow, 2013), the composer inspired by "The Planets" suite is said to be John Williams, the person responsible for the compositions for Star Wars, a multi-billion franchise which had been extremely popular for around half a decade until this day.
Reference:
Spendelow, N. (2013, December 31). HOW IS GUSTAV HOLST STILL INSPIRING MODERN MOVIE COMPOSERS TODAY? Inside film. Retrieved October 13, 2021, from https://insidefilm.blogs.lincoln.ac.uk/2013/12/31/how-is-gustav-holst-still-inspiring-modern-movie-composers-today/.

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a. By 1916, Holst had completed his suite. Pluto, on the other hand, was not found until 1930, hence he was unable to incorporate it in his study.

b. John Williams is the name of the composer who was inspired by Gustav Holst's "The Planets," and Star Wars is the name of the film franchise.

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a. Retrograde motion occurs when a body moves in an opposite direction in comparison to the direct movements of other planets. As explained in the video, when circling the Earth, Mars would occasionally display retrograde motion by looping backwards. This is due to the Earth's quicker orbit around the sun, which causes Mars to appear to be traveling backwards.

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a. 'The planets' was written by Holst between 1914 to 1917; for this reason, Pluto was not included as it was discovered in the year 1930 (Wakin, 2006). Although Holst lived until the year 1934, he was not able to include the planet Pluto as the suite had already gained so much attention from the public that none of his other pieces made as much impact (Wakin, 2006).

Reference:
Wakin, D. J. (2006, September 8). Pluto, Paradoxically, Joins ‘The Planets’. Pluto, Paradoxically, Joins ‘The Planets’. https://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/08/arts/music/08plut.html

b. The suite 'The Planets' written by Holst inspired John Williams to compose the soundtrack of one of the most well-known film franchises, Star Wars.

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a. The nebular theory explains the existence of the universe and its components by explaining that the planets and the Sun were formed from dust and gas left over from previous supernovas that accumulated through time. Our universe today is made up of the dust and gas that collected throughout time.

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a. Retrograde motion is an illusion caused by the differences in distances and paces of the planets when orbiting around the Sun. As shown in the video, it occurs as Earth circles around the Sun faster than Mars, which then overtakes Mars causing the illusion that the planet is moving backwards.

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a.  According to the nebular theory, the existence of the universe and its components was created out of a giant cloud of molecular gas and dust. It collapsed over time caused by the Supernova, which then created a force that allowed gravity to pull dust and gases to form the sun in the middle of the system. Some materials then collided and formed into a disk which eventually formed the planets.

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1. Pluto was only discovered 13 years after Holst finished his suite. After some time, he chose not to add Pluto as his best work was already popular and was afraid it would be shadowed by it.

2. The composer inspired by Gustav Holst’s “The Planets” would be John Williams who composed the soundtrack for the popular film franchise “Star Wars”.

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Retrograde motion is the motion where in the planets with slower orbital speeds seem like they move backwards compared to planets with faster moving speeds making them seem having opposite but actually similar motions.

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The nebular theory explains this by showing the origin of solar systems which start out from a nebula made to collapse by a supernova and then start spinning as it heats up through gravity. The protosun and the planetesimals form and the planetesimals start to combine and increase in size through gravity once more to become planets.

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A. Gustav Holst wrote the music composition entitled "The Planets" from 1914 to the year 1916. Moreover, Pluto was not recognized in this song composition since it has not been discovered during the time the composition was released. (Finane, 2018).  Up to this day, The Planets serves as one of the most attainable access to classical music. (Finane, 2018).

Reference:
Finane, B. (2018, August 11). Why Holst's Masterpiece The Planets Is Out of This World. Playbill. https://www.playbill.com/article/why-holsts-masterpiece-the-planets-is-out-of-this-world

B. "The Planets" composed by Gustav Holst served as an inspiration for the soundtrack of the Star Wars franchise. The composer of this franchise is none other than, John Williams. Specifically, he used this music composition for the theme of Darth Vader. (Turner, 2016).

Reference:
Turner, B. (2016, January 11). The Classical Cues That Inspired John Wiliams’ Music For ‘Star Wars.’ Colorado Public Radio. https://www.cpr.org/show-segment/the-classical-cues-that-inspired-john-wiliams-music-for-star-wars/

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A. Retrograde motion serves as the motion wherein the movements of the planets are at a different pace that results in an illusion that the slower-paced planets are moving backward.  Upon watching the video, it can be seen that the Sun exhibits retrograde motion due to the fast-paced orbit of the Earth. Due to this, an illusion of the Sun moving backward takes place.

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The term "retro" directly translates to "backwards" in Latin, which means that the term could be referred to as "backward motion". As seen in the video provided, Mars seems like it tends to follow a looping backwards motion, which appears to be an illusion simply because Earth's orbit is faster, which makes it overtake Mars' orbiting pace, causing the retrograde motion/effect.

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The nebular theory explains the existence of the universe and its components by showing how solar systems were originally created. Upon watching the video, it stated that a cloud of gas and dust collapsed which resulted in a solar nebula. The solar nebula is an exploding star that created a force to pull more dust and gas that formed the sun in the center of the solar system. Moreover, with the help of gravity, the spinning disk starts to heat up and forms the protosun at the center. Planetesimals also form within the disk. Through this, both small and large planetesimals begin to collide which starts the inner and outer planets to grow.

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a. The “dwarf planet", Pluto, had not yet been discovered when Holst completed the suite in 1916, which is why it was not included in the song. Pluto was sighted on February 18, 1930, 14 years after the 105-year-old music was created.

When Pluto was discovered, Gustav was hesitant to write a movement about it because "The Planets Suite" had become so successful that people disregarded his other works (Murakami, 2016).

References:

Mizue Murakami. (2015, July 15). Pluto that Gustav Holst didn’t compose. Galaxy Music Notes. https://galaxymusicnotes.com/blogs/news/37665473-pluto-that-gustav-holst-didnt-compose

Science Reference Section, Library of Congress. (2019, November 19). Why is Pluto no longer a planet? Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA. https://www.loc.gov/item/why-is-pluto-no-longer-a-planet/

b. Gustav Holst's "The Planets" is said to be the inspiration of composer John William for the soundtrack of one of the most popular film franchises ever, Star Wars.

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According to the video, retrograde motion can be seen on the motion of Mars (geocentric model) as it seems to loop backward when orbiting the earth. On the other hand, in the heliocentric model, retrograde motion can be understood as a result to the illusion when the earth passes mars.

In our daily lives, an example of retrograde motion is when we are driving a car faster than the one we are passing by. That other car will appear to move backward. In my personal experience, I encounter retrograde motion when we are experiencing traffic, then we pass by a bus (the bus seems to move backward!).

To sum everything up, retrograde motion is when the illusion where planets seem to move backward. This happens when a planet (Earth) passes the slower-moving outer planet (Mars).

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The nebular theory depicts that solar systems were formed by a nebula, which is a figure composed mainly of gases and dust. It then explains that a supernova causes the nebula to collapse on its own, which develops a deep concentration towards its center, making it spin rapidly. Gravity allows it to spin even more rapidly, consequently, forming a protosun. Furthermore, planetisimals, which are the building blocks of planets, eventually collide with one another and eventually form the inner and outer planets scattered within our universe as of today.

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a.) An hermaphrodite is an organism that possesses both male and female reproductive organs.

b.) Earth is also referred to as the Goldilocks planet. This is due to the fact that the atmosphere is "just enough" for life to thrive. The Earth is not too hot nor too cold, and it has an ozone layer that shields humans from ultraviolet radiation. These are the reasons why Earth is a livable planet.

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Our solar system is one of over 500 known solar systems in the entire milky way galaxy.

The solar system came into being 4.5 billion years ago when a cloud of interstellar gas and dust collapsed, which resulted in a solar nebula, a swirling disk of material that collided to form the solar system.

Based on the nebular theory, the explosion of a nearby supernova caused the nebula (giant cloud of gases and dust) to collapse. Gravity played a major role in pulling the dust and gasses towards the center. As this happened, the nebula started to rotate or spin that flattened out into what we call an accretion disk. It spun faster and heated up, pulling more gases and dust that formed a protosun, a young sun at the early age of life. Out of the accretion disk, planetesimals, the building blocks of our solar system, were formed within the swirling disk from chunks of rocks and ice. Again, because of gravity, these small planetesimals collided with the larger ones, creating the inner and outer planets.

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a.) The giant impact theory is the most widely accepted explanation for how the moon originated. According to this idea, billions of years ago, the young Earth collided with another little planet called Theia. The vaporized materials thrown from Earth were subsequently brought together by gravity, resulting in the formation of the moon.

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a.) Beyond the asteroid belt, the frostline is the boundary between the inner and outer planets.

b.) Because Jupiter is unquestionably a massive planet, its gravity has shielded us from comets. It deflected the comets and shifted their trajectory. If Jupiter had not been present, a comet would have already collided with the Earth, causing catastrophic results.

c.) The Gas Giants -  Jupiter and Saturn
The Ice Giants - Uranus and Neptune

d.) If Saturn grew to be as large as Jupiter, the two giants would have annihilated and bullied the smaller planets, including Earth. Their gravity would have been powerful enough to attract the other planets, destroying the small planets.

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Based on what characters had said, how do we perceive what the stars are?

Based on what the characters said, some of us perceive stars the way we see them, and some perceive stars more than their appearance. We have different beliefs on what stars represent as or from what they are made of. Like the donkey, some people see stars as just mere bunches of tiny dots. Like Shrek, some see images formed by the stars and create stories from them. Additionally, some see stars as fireflies, giant balls of gas, or the great kings of the past. This phenomenon implies that we perceive stars based on what we see from our surroundings, hear from the people around us, learn from school, or believe to be true.

Which character gave the most accurate description of what the stars are?

Among the characters from the YouTube video, Pumbaa gave the most accurate description of what the stars are based on scientific explanation. Pumbaa said that stars are balls of gas burning billions of miles away. Truth be told, Britannica (2021) stated that any huge self-luminous astronomical body of gas that shines by radiation from its internal energy is referred to as a star.

Source: https://www.britannica.com/science/star-astronomy

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According to the video, what insights do scientists get about our own solar system when they study distant star systems?

According to the video, scientists learn more about the birth of our solar system when they study distant star systems. For instance, they have observed that dust collects together, gets warm, and forms young stars. That said, scientists have concluded that our solar system’s formation was like this. Our nebula collapsed under its own gravity, spun fastly, and formed a clump from different matter. This clump is what we now call a protostar. Thus, observing other star systems’ formation right now can take us back to the process our solar system must have gone through billions of years ago.

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What is the process called in which gravity caused smaller pieces to form into larger pieces of matter during the formation of our solar system?

Accretion is the process through which gravity drives tiny pieces of matter to produce larger chunks of matter during the formation of our solar system. An excellent example of this is the formation of the planets! Small matter collides in the solar nebula and accretes into bigger matter. Once the clump reaches the size of a usual mountain, it exerts a gravitational force more powerful than the electrostatic force, accelerating the whole process. For many years, the clump can grow into larger planetesimals, and later on, full-sized planets!

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a. Pluto is missing from Gustav Holst's suite because Pluto had only been discovered in the year 1930. When Holst composed "The Planets" sometime around 1916, no one knew about the existence of Pluto.

b. John Williams, who then wrote the soundtrack for the film franchise "Star Wars", was inspired by Gustav Holst's "The Planets".

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a. Retrograde motion is the illusion caused by the differences in the speeds of orbit by planets. In the video, Mars seemed to be moving backward because Earth, which has a faster speed of orbit, passes by Mars.

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The nebular theory is the process of how our universe and its components were formed. According to the nebular theory, solar systems were formed by a nebula, composed of gas and dust, collapsing due to a supernova making the nebula spin heavily. A protosun is formed, a young sun born from the gas and dust pulled together. Planetesimals then collide with one another and form the planets we find in our universe today.

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a. Hermaphrodite is the name given to the organism. This word refers to a person who possesses tissue from both the male and female gonads.

b. The goldilocks planet is the nickname given to Earth. This is owing to the fact that, like the oatmeal in the Goldilocks tale, the earth is neither too hot nor too cold. This implies that life on Earth can be livable and sustained.

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The most accepted theory of the moon's formation is the giant-impact theory. It is claimed that the Moon originated as a result of a collision between the Earth and Theia. When the debris from this encounter collected in an orbit around Earth, the Moon was created.

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a. The frost line is the line that divides the inner and outer planets just beyond the asteroid belt.

b. Jupiter is compared to the earth's "protective older sibling" because it protects us from catastrophic damage caused by comets

c. Jupiter and Saturn are both known as gas giants. Uranus and Neptune, on the other hand, are ice giants.

d. If Saturn expanded to the size of Jupiter, it would obliterate all of the other planets, causing catastrophic harm to the rest of the solar system. We might not be living right now if this had happened.

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a. An organism that possess both male and female reproductive organs are known as Hermaphrodite.

b. In the video, it was stated that the Earth has been nicknamed the "Goldilocks Planet" since Earth has a not too hot and not too cold climate. Just like in the fairytale, Goldilocks' porridge couldn't be too hot nor too cold.

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a. Pluto was only discovered in 1930, several years after Holst has completed his suite which was in 1916. After the discovery of this planet, Holst still chose to not incorporate Pluto into his suite anymore. This is because his suit 'The Planets' had already gained so much popularity to the point where the public no longer had interest in his other works.

b. The famous suite 'The Planets' written by Gustav Holst was the main inspiration for the soundtrack of the world famous film franchise 'Star Wars' written by John Williams

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According to the video, Retrograde is an illusion like motion caused by the different paces of the planets orbiting a star, wherein those with much slower orbital speeds create the illusion that it is moving in the opposite direction. The video demonstrated a certain illusion wherein Mars appeared to be moving backwards. This is caused by Earth's faster orbit.

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According to the nebular theory, the origin of the universe and the solar systems in it consisted of the collapse of a giant cloud of molecular gas and dust caused by a supernova. This resulted in it spinning rapidly, creating a powerful force that pulls in different materials like gases and dust that eventually forms the protosun and the planetsimals. Furthermore, these planetsimals eventually collide with one another forming the planets scattered within our universe.

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a. Based on what the characters had said, stars are perceived by beliefs and how people view them, just like the characters they had different beliefs on what stars are.

b. The character that gave the most accurate description was Pumba. He mentioned that they are balls of gas burning millions and billions of miles away from us.

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The scientist explained in the film that when they study the distant star systems, they are basically gazing back in time and as a result, they believe it's likely that our solar system originated in the same way as the ones they've discovered. When scientists research distant star systems, they get insight into the history of the universe of what must have experienced billions of years ago.

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Accretion is the process through which gravity causes tiny particles of matter to join together to produce bigger chunks of matter.

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a. Organisms that possess both the male and female reproductive organs are called Hermaphrodites. This is a reference to Hermaphroditus, Hermes and Aphrodite's son who then turned into a partly male, partly female being after becoming one with a nymph.

b. Earth is nicknamed the "Goldilocks Planet" as a reference to the story about a lady with the same name. The planet was given this nickname because of what its distance from the Sun and Goldilocks' ideal porridge share in common, being just right.

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The most accepted theory about how the moon was formed today is the Giant-Impact Theory. This theory suggests that billions of years ago, the Earth collided with a planet with the size of Mars named Theia. The material that was then dispersed from this was said to be captured by Earth's gravitational pull and put into its orbit, leading to the formation of the Moon.

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a.    Based on what the characters had said, we perceive stars by our beliefs, imagination, and stories. For example, Shrek and Timon perceive stars by imagination and belief; Shrek makes images and shapes out of stars, while Timon views them as fireflies that got stuck in the sky.  Moreover, Simba perceives stars by stories; he stated he once heard that stars are the great kings of the past that watch over them.

b.    The character that gave the most accurate description of what stars are is Pumbaa since he said that stars are balls of gas burning billions of miles away. According to science, stars are indeed made of gas (mostly hydrogen and helium) that are light-years away from earth.

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a. Based on what the characters said, even though we may interpret them differently, we all perceive stars by examining their appearance. Some see stars as things that tell us stories while others may simply just see them as balls of gas burning

b. Pumba gave the most accurate description of what stars are since he said that stars were balls of gas burning miles away. Science has proven that stars are indeed made of gas.

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a. The boundary between the inner and outer planets beyond the asteroid belt is called the frost line.

b. Jupiter is considered as a "protective older sibling" to the Earth because its gravity can shift the course of icy comets that may enter the Solar System and cause harm.

c. Jupiter and Saturn are often referred to as "gas giants" while Uranus and Neptune are described as the "ice giants".

d. In the video, it was said that if Saturn were to reach the same size as Jupiter, the two gas giants would've "knocked out" all the other planets in the Solar System. It is very fortunate for us that this never actually happened because we would most likely not even exist and be here today if that was the case.

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Based on the video, the most accepted theory of the Moon formation is the "Giant-Impact Theory" where the Moon was formed during the collision of the Earth and another object called "Theia". The debris from this crash orbited around the Earth to form the Moon.

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As explained in the video, studying of other distant star system is like looking back in time. Observing the formation of other nebulas helps us gain an understanding of how our solar system formed. As observed of how nebulas spin and eventually form into a star, we could also conclude that our sun also came from a nebula too.

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a) Frost line is what you call the boundary between the inner planets and the outer planets beyond the asteroid belt.

b) Since Jupiter is very big compared to Earth, the planet's gravity is so powerful that it often changes the trajectory of the comets entering the inner solar system. That's why Jupiter is like a protective big brother to the Earth.

c) "Gas Giants" is the term used to describe Jupiter and Saturn. As for Uranus and Neptune, they are described as "Ice Giants"

d) We are very lucky that Saturn didn't reach the same size as Jupiter because if it did, these two planets will eventually knock out all the other planets in the solar system.

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The process where smaller pieces form into larger pieces of matter due to gravity is accretion. The particles in the protoplanetary disk get attracted to each other due to electrostatic force. Eventually, it becomes larger, attracts more particles, and has a stronger gravitational pull, which becomes a planet. This is how different planets in our solar system formed.

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Holst did not include Pluto in his suite for Pluto was yet to be discovered during those times he was writing those pieces. According to New York Times, " The Planets" was completed in 1916 while the discovery of Pluto was not until 1930, hence that is the reason why Holst did not include Pluto in his suite.

Reference:
https://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/08/arts/music/08plut.html

According to Inside Film, John Williams, the composer for Star Wars was told by George Lucas to make the score equal to that of Mars by Holst.

Reference:
https://insidefilm.blogs.lincoln.ac.uk/2013/12/31/how-is-gustav-holst-still-inspiring-modern-movie-composers-today/

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WELL, here it is, a new recording of Gustav Holst's orchestral suite "The Planets," with the Berlin Philharmonic conducted by its music director, Simon Rattle. Not all the planets had been discovered when Holst wrote it, so EMI Classics has added a recent piece called "Plu. ..."

Oops.

Guess it's too late for a recall. With Pluto no longer officially a full-fledged planet, the CD, scheduled for American release on Tuesday, has suddenly become astronomically incorrect. The package includes a second CD, with newly commissioned pieces inspired by asteroids, including Ceres, the largest. But now Ceres is no longer considered an asteroid by the International Astronomical Union. It has been reclassified as a dwarf planet - like Pluto.

Maybe a Holst successor should step up with a new suite, "The Dwarf Planets."

"It's been very weird," Colin Matthews, the esteemed British composer who wrote the Pluto movement in 2000, said of the barrage of attention he has received.

"I thank God that I was actually on holiday the day that it happened," he said. "At times I've been cursing, but it's very fascinating to be in the middle of it." It is indeed a rare moment of public attention for a contemporary classical composer, used to laboring in relative obscurity.

Mr. Matthews pointed out that his program notes for the world premiere in 2000 mentioned Pluto's questionable status. Yet "because I had been commissioned to do it," he said, "I couldn't turn around and say, 'Hey, it isn't a planet.' "

Completed in 1916, "The Planets" is in seven movements, each devoted to an orb and its astrological character: Mars, the Bringer of War; Venus, the Bringer of Peace; Mercury, the Winged Messenger; Jupiter, the Bringer of Jollity; Saturn, the Bringer of Old Age; Uranus, the Magician; and Neptune, the Mystic. Mr. Matthews calls his movement "Pluto, the Renewer."

Mr. Holst excluded the Earth, because it has no astrological significance, and Pluto, which was not discovered until 1930. He died in 1934, but there is little evidence that he considered updating his piece.

"The Planets" quickly became a beloved and influential work, perhaps the best-known piece by a 20th-century Briton. Film music composers dine on it often. Mr. Holst himself, an unpretentious introvert, was taken aback by its success, and he turned away from it stylistically. None of his other pieces made as much impact or are played much nowadays.

Pluto's demotion last month seems to have stirred up interest in the new CD, which was released in Europe early last month, said Stephen Johns, the album's producer. It is too early for sales figures, he said.

"It's completely fortuitous," Mr. Johns added. "It's heightened the awareness of 'The Planets' in general. Hopefully there'll be some effect. It's just curious and a lovely coincidence." Really, an "alignment of the stars," he felt forced to say.

Sir Simon did not respond to messages left with the Berlin Philharmonic - a spokeswoman said he was rehearsing - but he issued a statement after the astronomical union's announcement saying he was happy Pluto was no longer "out there all on his own." He called it an opportunity to commission more astronomical music. "Who knows, the whole suite could last a fortnight," he said.

In its own way "Pluto, the Renewer" has been a 21st-century success. It has been recorded three times previously and performed more than 100 times, unusual exposure for a contemporary classical piece. Mr. Matthews acknowledges that the Holstian hook helped.

He was the man to write it. Mr. Matthews edited the score of "The Planets" with Mr. Holst's daughter, Imogen, and is chairman of the Holst Foundation. He calls his work more of an appendix than a completion of "The Planets," without any real reference to Pluto's character (or that of its namesake, the Disney dog). He said he had tried to avoid writing a Holst "pastiche," although inevitably some ideas crept in, like the militaristic rhythms of "Mars."

Mr. Matthews took as his starting point the idea of solar winds, and the movement is full of swift, swirling passages. It is designed to begin seamlessly with the close of "The Planets," and it, too, ends quietly.

Mr. Matthews said he did not want to try to top the mysterious, otherworldly quality of Mr. Holst's closing movement, "Neptune," the most remote planet when Mr. Holst wrote the piece (and again now).

"It would have had to have been very small and slow and quiet and cold," Mr. Matthews said.

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Pluto, Paradoxically, Joins 'The Planets' (Published 2006)

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WELL, here it is, a new recording of Gustav Holst's orchestral suite "The Planets," with the Berlin Philharmonic conducted by its music director, Simon Rattle. Not all the planets had been discovered when Holst wrote it, so EMI Classics has added a recent piece called "Plu. ..." Oops.

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The term Retrograde comes from the Latin word retrogradus, which means "backward step." In the video it can be seen that Mars seems to loop backwards when viewed from earth but it is nothing but an illusion. The retrograde motion from Mars is an illusion emitted when viewed from earth for the the earth's orbit is faster than Mars'.

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According to the video, studying distant star systems is like looking back on what the earth used to be before. It helps scientist gain a better understanding of our world.

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a.     Hermaphrodites are organisms that have both female and male reproductive organs (Herm from Hermes and -aphrodite from Aphrodite).

b.     The Earth is known as the "Goldilocks Planet" because it possesses the perfect temperature balance, much like Goldilocks' porridge.

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In the nebular theory, our solar system was created by the collapsing of a super nova and due to gravity, starts spinning and heating up. From there, the protosun was created along with the planetesimals or odd-shaped planet-like objects that later started to collide with each other due to gravity and became our planets.

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a. According to the video, the most widely accepted theory about how the moon formed is that the Earth collided with a planet called Theia (roughly the size of Mars), resulting in tons of rocks and debris scattered across the Solar System, which explains why Earth matter can be found on the moon's surface. Earth's gravity then drew the debris together, causing it to amalgamate. This was eventually referred to be the moon.

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a. The frost line is the line that separates the inner and outer planets just beyond the asteroid belt.
b.  It shields or deflect the hazardous environment that exists beyond its orbit that may hit the Earth.
c. Jupiter and Saturn are referred to as gas giants, while Uranus and Neptune are ice giants.

d .If Saturn continues to grow, the solar system will become unstable, and smaller planets may be obliterated by the gravitational pull of both Saturn and Jupiter.

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The process in which gravity is causes smaller pieces to form larger pieces of matter is called accretion.

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a. The organism is called “Hermaphrodite”. It is an organism that possess both female and male reproductive organs.

b. The nickname given to Earth is the “Goldilocks Planet”. It is called such because the Earth is not too hot, nor too cold and is distanced perfectly from the sun. The nickname was a reference to Goldilocks’ oatmeal which was also just the right temperature, not too hot nor too cold.

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The most acceptable theory about how the moon was formed is called "The Giant-Impact Theory." This theory states that the moon was formed from the debris formed from the collision between Earth and Theia.

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1. The boundary between inner and outer planets beyond the Asteroid belt is the frost line.

2. Jupiter is like a protective older sibling to the earth because Jupiter deflects the incoming ice comets and protects the Earth.

3. Planets Jupiter and Saturn are called gas giants while planets Uranus and Neptune are called ice giants.

4. If Saturn reached the same size as Jupiter then they would knock out all the other planets in the solar system. We are fortunate that this didn’t happen because if it happened then none of us would even exist.