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Virus replicate in lower and upper respiratory epithelial cell
Destruction of the lining
Inflammation
Formation of nasal discharge

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Group 9
Fariq S20735
Athirah S21086
Aida S20745
Natasha S21645
Syahir S21108
Stanley S21251
Ivy S21056

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http://www.oie.int/doc/ged/D14001.PDF
http://www.horsetalk.co.nz/2013/10/07/equine-influenza-treatment-care/#axzz4TAFb0rj1

https://ahdc.vet.cornell.edu/docs/equine-influenza.pdf

http://www.aht.org.uk/cms-display/equiflunet_vclinsigns.html

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1. Highly contagious upper respiratory tract

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In contact with infected animal (coughing excrete the virus)

Spread by clothing, equipment, brushes, people working with horses

Incubation period- 1 to 3 days

Crowding & transportation

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Pyrexia

Labored breathing

Harsh dry cough

Lethargy

Depression

Loss of appetite

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3. ENDEMIC

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Cell culture

PCR (more sensitive)

ELISA ( antigen)

Serology ( antibody)

HI

Single Radial Haemolysis (SRH)

Complement Fixation (CF) test

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Rest

Anti-inflammatory

Antibiotics

Stop working him immediately

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2. H7N7 virus has not been isolated for 20 years. There is outbreak in China and Australia.

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4. Influenza A virus
( subtype A1 H7N7 and A2 H3N8)

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Negative ssRNA

spherical/filamentous enveloped

80-120nm

replicate in nucleus

genera: Influenza A,B,C, Isavirus, Thogotovirus, Quaranjavirus