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Federalists (included many merchants, founding fathers, cities) wanted a strong central government. Hamilton and Madison wrote the Federalist papers to get people on their side by explaining it. The Anti-Federalists (mostly farmers) claimed the constitution was extralegal and said the would not sign anything without a bill of rights to guarantee protection of tyranny. The federalist promised a bill of rights to be the new governments first act, this pacified them and the Bill of Rights with 10 amendments was ratified in 1791.

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-First signed in 1787
-Ratified in 1788 meeting  the 9/13 state requirement
-Last state ratified it in 1790

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The constitution addresses slave trade and runaways but not owning them because there was no clear agreement between the north and the south. They needed to decide how to tax and represent them. The north who didn't have many slaves wanted the south to pay taxes on them. The south, where slaves were 1/3 of the population, wanted them to count in their population so they could have more influence in congress. This compromise made them count as 3/5 of a person, satisfying both sides, this lasted until 1868 when it was abolished with the 13th amendment. They also agreed not to do anything to the slave trade until 1808.

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Bicameral: one with population vote and one with equal vote. Congress controls the tax. President is elected by the Electoral College and has only a four year term so that it wasn't too long or too short.

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Unicameral legislature where every state gets one vote. The states are sovereign but the government can tax and regulate trade. A weak executive appoints a limited judiciary.

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Had a strong bicameral central legislature who picked the executive and judiciary. Small states hated this because the large states with large population.

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After problems like Shay's Rebellion, no regulations on trade, worthless money, no court, and $40 MILLION IN DEBT, the founding fathers thought they should look into adjusting the Articles of Confederation. But when that wasn't working they just ditched the whole thing and started towards a new government, stronger than the Articles but still not as power crazy as England. Something sturdy and balanced... I KNOW a representative republic with separation of powers! The 55 delegates unanimously elected George Washington as president but that was the only thing they were unanimous on...