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Eating disorders describe diseases that are characterized by irregular eating habits and severe suffering or concern about body weight or shape.
The most common forms of eating disorders include Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa and Eating Disorder and affect both women and men.
Eating disorders may include inadequate or excessive intake of food, which can ultimately harm the well-being of an individual.

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Eating disorders can develop during any stage of life, but usually appear during adolescence or young adulthood. These are classified as a medical disease, in which appropriate treatment can be highly effective for many of the specific types of eating disorders.
Although these conditions are treatable, the symptoms and consequences can be harmful and deadly if they are not addressed.
Eating disorders usually coexist with other conditions, such as anxiety disorders, substance abuse or depression.

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The three most common types of Eating Disorders are as follows:

o   Anorexia Nervosa - The man or woman suffering from anorexia nervosa usually has an obsessive fear of gaining weight, refusal to maintain a healthy body weight and an unrealistic perception of body image. Many people with anorexia nervosa fiercely limit the amount of food they consume and consider themselves overweight, even when they are clearly underweight. Anorexia can have detrimental health effects such as brain damage, multiple organ failure, bone loss, heart problems and infertility. The risk of death is higher in individuals with this disease.

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o   Bulimia Nervosa - This eating disorder is characterized by repeated binge eating, followed by behaviours that compensate for excesses such as forced vomiting, excessive exercise or excessive use of laxatives or diuretics. Men and women who suffer from Bulimia usually have weight gain and feel gravely unhappy with the size and shape of the body. The cycle of binge eating, and purging is typically done in secret, creating feelings of shame, guilt, and lack of control. Bulimia can have harmful effects, such as gastrointestinal problems, severe dehydration and heart problems resulting from an electrolyte imbalance.

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o   Compulsive Eating Disorder - Individuals who suffer from compulsive eating disorder often lose control over their eating. Unlike bulimia nervosa in this disorder, episodes of binge eating are not followed by compensatory behaviours such as purging, fasting or excessive exercise. Because of this, many people who suffer from BED may be obese and at greater risk of developing other conditions, such as cardiovascular disease. Men and women who struggle with this disorder may also experience intense feelings of guilt, anguish, and embarrassment related to binge eating, which could influence the progression of the eating disorder.

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Eating disorders are complex disorders, influenced by a facet of factors. Although its exact cause is unknown, it is generally believed that a combinutritional deficiencies.

Examples of biological factors include:
o Irregular hormonal functions;
o Genetics;
o Nutritional deficiencies.

Examples of psychological factors include:
o Negative body image;
o Poor self-esteem.

Examples of environmental factors that contribute to the occurrence of eating disorders are:
o Dysfunctional family dynamics;
o Professions and careers that promote leanness and weight loss, such as
ballet and modelling;
o Aesthetically oriented sports, where the emphasis is placed on keeping
the body lean to improve performance;
o Family and childhood trauma: childhood sexual abuse, severe trauma;
o Cultural and / or peer pressure among friends and co-workers
o Stressful transitions or changes in life.

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Signs and Symptoms of an Eating Disorder

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Signs and Symptoms of an Eating Disorder

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A man or woman suffering from an eating disorder may reveal several signs and symptoms, such as:

o   Chronic diet despite being dangerously underweight;

o   Constant weight loss;

o   Obsession with calories and fatty food contents;

o   Engaging in ritualistic eating patterns, such as chopping food into pieces, eating alone and / or hiding food

o   Fixation with food, recipes or cuisine;

o   Depression or lethargic stage;

o   Avoiding social functions, family and friends, leading to isolation.