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Established stronger free speech.

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Speech that is false, likely to hurt someone's reputation.

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Ruining the reputation of someone. Slander is spoken or acted out, libel is written.

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No making or enforcing of laws that deny people equal protection under the law.

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No cruel and unusual punishment, no excessive bail, no excessive fines.

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Guarantees the right of a fast civil trial. Civil trials are someone suing someone else, criminal trials are when the state tries to accuse someone of a crime.

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Speech attacking the government and officials, illegal but cases of it are rare because of first amendment.

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Guarantees speedy trial by jury, an attorney, and the right to confront the accuser.

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Found internment of Japanese Americans constitutional.

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Prohibits self incrimination and double jeopardy, and mandates due process.

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Segregation, not by law but by fact.

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Security of people in their houses, against unreasonable searches and seizures. Search warrants and probable cause.

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Right to bear arms and a well regulated militia.

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Freedom of speech, religion, assembly, and petition.

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Established a 3 part test to see if a law violates the establishment clause.

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Restriction of speech prior to publication. Unconstitutional and against first amendment.

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No laws can be created that prohibit religion.

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Determines whether a law is rationally related to a government interest.

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Requires states to provide attorneys to defendants who cannot afford one.

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Created separate but equal doctrine.

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Tried to sue for his freedom, but was unsuccessful.

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Decriminalized abortions.

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Got rid of segregation and employment discrimination.

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Practice of segregating blacks in the U.S.

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Policy that favors people who are discriminated against.

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A test that prevents voting if failed.

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Prevents unreasonable searches and seizures.

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Prohibits states from denying equal protection under all laws.

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Prohibits states from denying equal protection under all laws.

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Requires law enforcement to advise the suspect of their right to remain silent and get an attorney.

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Segregation of public schools declared unconstitutional.

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Declared it unconstitutional to create a school prayer and use it in public schools.

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The integration of the Bill of Rights to the law and states.

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Speech that conveys an idea. Example: protest buttons, not talking.

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Declared universities' racial quotas unconstitutional, but affirmative action constitutional in some cases.

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Reasonable grounds for searching or pressing charges.

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Legal segregation, de jure = "according to the law"

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Court treating a suspect differently because of their characteristics, example: race.

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Symbolic speech, example would be burning a draft card in protest of the military WHILE talking.

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The persecution of a person twice for the same crime. Illegal.

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Fair treatment in court, respect of rights and entitlements.

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Prevents congress from establishing a religion.

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Prevents the use of illegally obtained evidence in court.