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The process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water.

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Without photosynthesis, plants and some other light-dependent autotrophs would not be able to use the sun for energy. Though this doesn't seem like much of a problem, these producers are vital to the balance of Earth's ecosystem. Without these producers, primary consumers would have no food and die out. This causes the secondary consumers to have no food and die out. The chain reaction continues, and there would be no life left on earth. This is because all life is dependent on the energy the sun gives off.

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ATP, short for adenosine triphosphate, is a molecule found in cells that is used to transfer energy caused by breaking down the food molecules for cell processes. ATP is used in cells to build molecules and transport materials through active transport. The energy can be used once one of the three phosphate groups is removed from it. the third and outermost is the easiest to break. Energy is then released. The molecule which was formerly ATP is now ADP because of the removal of the third phosphate. It has almost no energy left, comparable to a nearly empty wallet. The third phosphate and be added back again, but it is not easy for the cell to do.

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The balanced chemical equation of photosynthesis is 6CO2 + 6H2O —> C6H12O6 + 6O2.

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There are two types of light reactions, light-independent and light-dependent. Light-dependent reactions get their energy from sunlight. These type of reactions take place in and across the membrane of the thylakoids. Both water and sunlight are needed for this reactions. First, the chlorophyll absorbs the energy from the sunlight, which is transferred along the thylakoid membrane. Water is broken down and and oxygen is released. Light-independent reactions use the energy obtained from the light-dependent reactions to create sugar. The location of these reactions is the stroma of chloroplasts. First, carbon dioxide is added to the reactions and helps build larger molecules, using the energy from light-dependent reactions. This causes a molecule of of simple sugar to be formed, which is usually glucose, and stores the energy from sunlight.

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Some main factors that affect photosynthesis include light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, and temperature. Light is required for photosynthesis, since it is the source of energy that is needed to split the water, which causes a reaction. A lack of carbon dioxide would hinder the process. Temperature effects photosynthesis because it "weakens" the enzymes.