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I chose the myth that "digital systems level the playing field." The graphic shows that people with means will always have to reach for the next up-to-date piece of technology. In my own experience, students in Baltimore City do not have access to new computers, Promethean Boards, tablets, clickers, headphones, etc. Many of my classmates work in districts that have access to an abundance of technology. There are schools that do have technology, however, they are already out of date. Technology is always changing and advancing. "There is no technological keeping up with the Joneses" (48).

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This visual was created to remind us that technology alone does not replace teaching. Technology allows good teachers to use their knowledge/skills to support their students via technology.  Toyama said "technology never made up for a lack of good teachers or good principals."
"Economist Leigh Linden at the University of Texas at Austin conducted experimental trials in India and Colombia. He found that, on average, students exposed to computer-based instruction learned no more than control groups without computers.12 His conclusion? While PCs can supplement good instruction, they don’t substitute for time with real teachers."
Toyama, Kentaro. Geek Heresy (p. 8). PublicAffairs. Kindle Edition.

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I created this visual to illustrate the idea of "technology as a cost-saver". Technology can certainly be used as a cost-saver but only if the company already has a focus on cutting costs. For example, Toyama compares Walmart to the US Healthcare system. Walmart already has a focus on cutting costs and therefore they have been able to use technology to help them cut costs. Meanwhile, US Healthcare has an abundance of technology but does not have a focus on cutting costs. Because of this, technology does not help the Healthcare system cut costs.

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This visual was created to show how people are on social media all the time and are unaware of it. People are connecting with others in this visual, but they are in their own world. Their heads are so far into their phones that it would seem impossible to get out. While they may be forming relationships with their technology, virtual relationships are less meaningful than personal, face-to-face relationships.

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Toyama argues that it is nearly impossible for digital systems to level the playing field. There is always some type of divide that keeps individuals from having the same access to technology. Toyama (2015) provides us with an explanation when stating that “It’s not as if new technologies stop appearing while existing ones are made cheaper. By the time there are low-cost PCs, there are high-cost smartphones” (p. 48). The image that I created is supposed to represent that idea. Schools with higher socioeconomic status usually have access to better technologies when compared to schools with students of lower socioeconomic statuses. Although efforts are made to work against this concept, Toyama (2015) explains that "Under the Law of Amplification, technology-even when it’s equally distributed-isn’t a bridge, but a jack. It widens existing disparities” (p. 49).

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I created this visual to represent the myth that social media brings people together. Toyama speaks to the familiar concept we’ve discussed regarding how people may only seek out information that coincides with their personal beliefs. My image represents the danger of “selective exposure” and how social media can actually be used to radicalize beliefs, rather than bring people of differing beliefs together. It’s difficult to make new friends and to understand people that are different from you if you keep yourself in a bubble of personal validation. The scary thing is that some people don't even know that they are in this bubble - "Well, duh."