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SEC 1
"No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws."
SEC 2
"Representatives shall be apportioned among the several States according to their respective numbers, counting the whole number of persons in each State, excluding Indians not taxed. But when the right to vote at any election for the choice of electors for President and Vice President of the United States, Representatives in Congress, the Executive and Judicial officers of a State, or the members of the Legislature thereof, is denied to any of the male inhabitants of such State, being twenty-one years of age, and citizens of the United States, or in any way abridged, except for participation in rebellion, or other crime, the basis of representation therein shall be reduced in the proportion which the number of such male citizens shall bear to the whole number of male citizens twenty-one years of age in such State."
SEC 3
"No person shall be a Senator or Representative in Congress, or elector of President and Vice President, or hold any office, civil or military, under the United States, or under any State, who, having previously taken an oath, as a member of Congress, or as an officer of the United States, or as a member of any State legislature, or as an executive or judicial officer of any State, to support the Constitution of the United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion against the same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof. But Congress may by a vote of two-thirds of each House, remove such disability."
SEC 4
"The validity of the public debt of the United States, authorized by law, including debts incurred for payment of pensions and bounties for services in suppressing insurrection or rebellion, shall not be questioned. But neither the United States nor any State shall assume or pay any debt or obligation incurred in aid of insurrection or rebellion against the United States, or any claim for the loss or emancipation of any slave; but all such debts, obligations and claims shall be held illegal and void."

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This Amendment made all males of colors citizens except for Indians, all equal protection, and all due process. Equal protection was designed to help black people, but everyone used it for all forms of equality later on.

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"The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, elected by the people thereof, for six years; and each Senator shall have one vote. The electors in each State shall have the qualifications requisite for electors of the most numerous branch of the State legislatures."

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"The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex."

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This amendment was a big step forward in equality between genders, starting with giving women voting rights and allowing them to join in political conversation. The suffrage of women in this amendment is tied to the 15th and 26th amendments, where the voting pool broadened.

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SEC 1
"After one year from the ratification of this article the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors within, the importation thereof into, or the exportation thereof from the United States and all territory subject to the jurisdiction thereof for beverage purposes is hereby prohibited."
SEC 2
"The Congress and the several States shall have concurrent power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation."
SEC 3
"This article shall be inoperative unless it shall have been ratified as an amendment to the Constitution by the legislatures of the several States, as provided in the Constitution, within seven years from the date of the submission hereof to the States by the Congress."

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After the Great Awakening and Christians believed alcohol was one of the reasons that danger and bad events stemmed from, alcohol slowly began to be banned in every state. This amendment focused on banning alcohol in every state, despite public fury. It banned the sale and transport of alcohol across the country, which only brought the rise of smugglers on.

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SEC 1
"The terms of the President and Vice President shall end at noon on the 20th day of January, and the terms of Senators and Representatives at noon on the 3d day of January, of the years in which such terms would have ended if this article had not been ratified; and the terms of their successors shall then begin."
SEC 2
"The Congress shall assemble at least once in every year, and such meeting shall begin at noon on the 3rd day of January, unless they shall by law appoint a different day."
SEC 3
If, at the time fixed for the beginning of the term of the President, the President elect shall have died, the Vice President elect shall become President. If a President shall not have been chosen before the time fixed for the beginning of his term, or if the President elect shall have failed to qualify, then the Vice President elect shall act as President until a President shall have qualified; and the Congress may by law provide for the case wherein neither a President elect nor a Vice President elect shall have qualified, declaring who shall then act as President, or the manner in which one who is to act shall be selected, and such person shall act accordingly until a President or Vice President shall have qualified."
SEC 4
"The Congress may by law provide for the case of the death of any of the persons from whom the House of Representatives may choose a President whenever the right of choice shall have devolved upon them, and for the case of the death of any of the persons from whom the Senate may choose a Vice President whenever the right of choice shall have devolved upon them."

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This amendment created a boundary for the term of a president, and set a specific date for when a president will leave office and another will be inaugurated. Before the amendment, a former president would generally stay in office but not act on any plans while waiting for the inauguration of the next president.

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"The transportation or importation into any State, Territory, orpossession of the United States for delivery or use therein of intoxicatingliquors, in violation of the laws thereof, is hereby prohibited."

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SEC 1
"No person shall be elected to the office of the President more than twice, and no person who has held the office of President, or acted as President, for more than two years of a term to which some other person was elected President shall be elected to the office of the President more than once. But this Article shall not apply to any person holding the office of President, when this Article was proposed by the Congress, and shall not prevent any person who may be holding the office of President, or acting as President, during the term within which this Article becomes operative from holding the office of President or acting as President during the remainder of such term."
SEC 2
"This article shall be inoperative unless it shall have been ratified as an amendment to the Constitution by the legislatures of three-fourths of the several States within seven years from the date of its submission to the States by the Congress."

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This amendment had limited the term of a president to 2 terms, but did not limit the power and their influence during said terms. The amendment was an assurance that the president will be given a specific slot of time to work on plans, and will be given all of the time until the end of term.

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SEC 1
"A number of electors of President and Vice President equal to the whole number of Senators and Representatives in Congress to which the District would be entitled if it were a State, but in no event more than the least populous State; they shall be in addition to those appointed by the States, but they shall be considered, for the purposes of the election of President and Vice President, to be electors appointed by a State; and they shall meet in the District and perform such duties as provided by the twelfth article of amendment."
SEC 2
"The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation."

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"The right of citizens of the United States to vote in any primary or other election for President or Vice President for electors for President or Vice President, or for Senator or Representative in Congress, shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or any State by reason of failure to pay any poll tax or other tax"

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This amendment allowed for residents within D.C to vote for representation in both houses, the President, and the Vice President, yet it did not grant D.C with their own senators.

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SEC 1
"In case of the removal of the President from office or of his death or resignation, the Vice President shall become President."
SEC 2
"Whenever there is a vacancy in the office of the Vice President, the President shall nominate a Vice President who shall take office upon confirmation by a majority vote of both Houses of Congress."
SEC 3
"Whenever the President transmits to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives his written declaration that he is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office, and until he transmits to them a written declaration to the contrary, such powers and duties shall be discharged by the Vice President as Acting President."
SEC 4
"Whenever the Vice President and a majority of either the principal officers of the executive departments or of such other body as Congress may by law provide, transmit to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives their written declaration that the President is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office, the Vice President shall immediately assume the powers and duties of the office as Acting President.

Thereafter, when the President transmits to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives his written declaration that no inability exists, he shall resume the powers and duties of his office unless the Vice President and a majority of either the principal officers of the executive department or of such other body as Congress may by law provide, transmit within four days to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives their written declaration that the President is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office. Thereupon Congress shall decide the issue, assembling within forty-eight hours for that purpose if not in session. If the Congress, within twenty-one days after receipt of the latter written declaration, or, if Congress is not in session, within twenty-one days after Congress is required to assemble, determines by two-thirds vote of both Houses that the President is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office, the Vice President shall continue to discharge the same as Acting President; otherwise, the President shall resume the powers and duties of his office."

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This amendment addresses the taxing of polls. In order to assure democracy and equality of protection and keeping a set level for every single citizen, poll tax was removed so citizens not as well off can still participate in voting

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This amendment addresses who will assume the President's place upon death or leaving office. After the president comes the vice president, then speaker of the house, then president pro tempore.

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This amendment allowed state citizens to participate in election and directly vote for the senators representing their state. State legislators used to choose state senators, but this amendment altered the voting and election process like the 12th amendment. It also limited the amount of state senators to 2 each.

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"The right of citizens of the United States, who are eighteen years of age or older, to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of age."

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Following mass protests of the Vietnam war, many young adults demanded that the voting age shall be lowered in order for the young activists to have a say in how the war and several other issues should be dealt with. This amendment officially lowered the voting age to 18, and joined the 15th and 18th amendment in expanding the voting process to several other groups of people.

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"No law varying the compensation for the services of the Senators and Representatives shall take effect, until an election of Representatives shall have intervened."

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Before this amendment, senators were able to set their own salary, but the amendment only allowed salary of a senator to increase if they proceeded into office at the next election.

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"The Judicial power of the United States shall not be construed to extend to any suit in law or equity, commenced or prosecuted against one of the United States by Citizens of another State, or by Citizens or Subjects of any Foreign State."

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"The Electors shall meet in their respective states, and vote by ballot for President and Vice-President, one of whom, at least, shall not be an inhabitant of the same state with themselves; they shall name in their ballots the person voted for as President, and in distinct ballots the person voted for as Vice-President, and they shall make distinct lists of all persons voted for as President, and of all persons voted for as Vice-President, and of the number of votes for each, which lists they shall sign and certify, and transmit sealed to the seat of the government of the United States, directed to the President of the Senate;– The President of the Senate shall, in the presence of the Senate and House of Representatives, open all the certificates and the votes shall then be counted;–The person having the greatest number of votes for President, shall be the President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed; and if no person have such majority, then from the persons having the highest numbers not exceeding three on the list of those voted for as President, the House of Representatives shall choose immediately, by ballot, the President. But in choosing the President, the votes shall be taken by states, the representation from each state having one vote; a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a member or members from two-thirds of the states, and a majority of all the states shall be necessary to a choice."

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SEC 1
"Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction."
SEC 2
"Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation."

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SEC 1
"The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude."
SEC 2
"The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation."

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"The Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes on incomes, from whatever source derived, without apportionment among the several States, and without regard to any census or enumeration."

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This amendment means that there must be a system of votes for electing the president and president. The candidate with the most votes will become president, and the runner up would become vice president. Creating an electoral college would limit the faction desire and carefully decide the benefits and faults of all sides, beyond their party beliefs and what the country may need. They eventually changed the election process, and said that the president and vice president will run together on a ticket system

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This amendment ended slavery in the United States following Lincoln's election into presidency. He put the amendment into action by convincing senators. This ensured that slaves will be freed, yet southern states found a way around this. Southern states arrested freed slaves, giving them a felony that would follow them for years and generally give them

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This amendment gives the right to vote for all men regarding of race. Women were still excluded from the equation, but it added more people to the pool of voting, much like the 19th amendment and the 26th amendment.

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This amendment generally means that congress can collect income tax from your paycheck. Although it is used today, it never got ratified by 3/5 of the states, so therefore it could not apply in technicality, but refusing to pay taxes today would cause you to go to jail.

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Freed Slaves (in the North) After Amendment Passed 

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Freed Slaves (in the North) After Amendment Passed 

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Senators cannot receive salary raise until re elected

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Senators cannot receive salary raise until re elected

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This amendment generally means that federal  courts cannot hear any cases involving a state and person from another country or state, and restricts the ability for people to bring cases directly to the federal courts.

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After prohibition banned the sale and transport of alcohol, crime rate skyrocketed. Citizens went to speakeasies, and the alcohol industry was booming despite being banned. Once crime rates got too high, this amendment was created to remove that ban on alcohol, therefore allowing people to sell and transport alcohol again.