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Odysseus' ordinary world is,  "My home is on the peaked sea-mark of Ithaca..." (Homer line 21).  Here he lives with his wife Penelope and son Telemachus.

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Odysseus' call to adventure was the Trojan War where he was asked to go fight. He refused the call but eventually went because Athena told him to go use his intelligence and defeat the Trojans, "after he plundered the stronghold on the proud height of Troy" (Homer lines 4-5).

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Athena, Circe and Tiresias are Odysseus mentors.
Athena helps him out through the entire journey, at one point Athena helped him by disguising, "Odysseus as a beggar and directs him to the hut of Eumaeus" so he can fight against the suitors in a smart way (Homer).
Circe is also a big help to Odysseus during his journey, she helped guide them to pass Scylla and Charybdis, "Circe’s bidding against arms had slipped my mind" (Homer 787).
Tiresias becomes his mentor in the Land of the Dead, telling him, "Avoid those kine, hold fast to your intent, and hard seafaring brings you all to Ithaca" (Homer 643-644).

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Odysseus crossed the threshold when he went into the Underworld and saw Tiresias in The Land of the Dead. Circe was the one telling him, "that in order to reach home he must journey to the land of the dead, Hades, and consult the blind prophet Tiresias" (Homer). In the Land of the Dead, death was violated when "Elpenor, of our company, who lay unburied still on the wide earth as we had left him—dead in Circe’s hall" (Homer). He never got a proper burial, making him go into the Underworld.

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The Battle of Cicones was the first test Odysseus had on his journey. He easily failed this test because, "Six benches were left empty in every ship" although the men not listening to Odysseus was the reason why they all had died (Homer line 63). Odysseus and his men showed honor when, "No ship made sail next day until some shipmate had raised a cry, three times, for each poor ghost unfleshed by the Cicones on that field" (Homer line 67-69).

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The Lotus-Eaters was the second test in Odysseus' journey. The reason they showed up on the Lotus-Eater island is because of Zeus, "the lord of cloud roused in the north a storm against the ships" (Homer lines 70-71). Here, he became smarter, instead of storming the island with all of his men, he sent only a few out to explore. This was when he realized that the Lotus-Eater flowers were on the island. These flowers if eaten, make you lose the thought of home, making you not want to return.

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In the Cyclops, Odysseus showed great bravery, wisdom, and leadership skills. During their encounter, Polyphemus showed horrible hospitality when he said, "I would not let you go for fear of Zeus—you or your friends" (Homer lines 221-223). Athena came in to help get Odysseus and his men out, when Polyphemus' rams came back, "none were left outside" (Homer line 287). Odysseus then used his intelligence and used the rams to get out.

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Test: Island of Aeolia (encounter with Aeolus) 

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Test: Island of Aeolia (encounter with Aeolus) 

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At the Island of Aeolia, Aeolus gave Odysseus and his men, "a gift: a sack containing all the winds except the favorable west wind." (Homer). His men didn't listen though, because when they opened the bag at the wrong time, it sent them right back to the island, where they were sent back on their way without any gifts.

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After sailing to the island of Aeolia, Odysseus and his men sailed to the island of Laestrygonians. This island is full of cannibals, they show horrible hospitality when, "these creatures destroy all of Odysseus' ships except the one he is sailing in" (Homer). Only some survived and they got back on their journey.

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In the Defeat of Circe, Odysseus and his men reach the island of Aeaea where Circe, transforms half of the men into swine. The only reason Odysseus wasn't turned into a swine was because Hermes gave him, "a magic herb" he was protected by (Homer). Before they leave the island, Circe tells him he has to go into the underworld and meet Tiresias so he can be told the rest of his journey.

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Odysseus resisted the Sirens thanks to Circe's help. Circe told him, "his course to him and gives advice on how to avoid the dangers he will face" (Homer). Odysseus was the only one needed to hear the Sirens, so using his intelligence he made beeswax and put it into his mens ears.

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Circe gave advice to Odysseus to avoid Scylla and Charybdis, by telling him to go towards Scylla. Odysseus thought Circe was going to help when he looked up, "thinking to see her first from there,the monster of the gray rock, harboring torment for my friends" (Homer lines 790-791). Only six men were killed since they went on the side of Scylla who only had six heads. Going through these sea monsters he, "walked up and down from bow to stern" which takes a tremendous amount of courage and bravery (Homer lines 763).

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Calypso is a nymph who held Odysseus captive for seven years in her cave. He escaped with the help of Athena and Zeus. We found out the "rough adventure, weathered under Zeus" was the reason he was there to begin with (Homer line 40). After escaping, he arrived in Phaeacia.

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Odysseus had three allies throughout his journey. The Phaecians, Telemachus and Eumaeus all were his allies.
The Phaeacians helped Odysseus, "home by ship" (Homer).
Telemachus, Odysseus son, helped during the fight with the suitors going, "to the room where spears and armor lay" (Homer lines 1,514-1,515).
Eumaeus also helped fight against the suitors, Telemachus gave "outfits to Eumaeus and this cowherd. Better to have equipment" (Homer lines 1,508-1,510).

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Odysseus' enemies are the suitors. When he returned home from his 20 year journey, "numerous suitors... have been continually seeking the hand of his wife, Penelope, in marriage, while overrunning Odysseus’ palace" (Homer). In order to get Penelope, Odysseus' wife, back he ended up having to fight off the suitors.

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Odysseus' ordeal in his journey, was Cattle of the Sun Gods. Here, he went to mount olympus which is where Zeus made him fall asleep. Everything he had been telling his men in this test was to not eat Helios' cattle, when Odysseus fell asleep, his men became too prideful and when he woke up, "the silken beeves of Hellos were dead" (Homer line 925). This made Helios upset to where he wished, "‘O Father Zeus and gods in bliss forever, punish Odysseus’ men" (Homer lines 908-909). Zeus listened to Helios and on their way home, "with crack on crack of thunder, Zeus let fly a bolt against the ship" everyone drowned except for Odysseus (Homer lines 948-949).

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The supreme ordeal is Odysseus' revenge. Odysseus was fighting the suitors and "drew his fist the cruel head of an arrow for Antinous", shooting him first, showing great bravery (Homer line 1,412). The rest of the suitors were begging and pleading to not get killed as well. He didn't care and took on the rest of the suitors, he was, "aided by Athena, Odysseus, Telemachus, Eumaeus, and other faithful herdsmen kill all the suitors" (Homer).

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The Phaeacians were the ones who helped Odysseus with his journey home. After telling King Alcinous all about his journey, they helped him when, "The next day, young Phaeacian noblemen conduct him home by ship" (Homer). Odysseus then revealed who he was to the suitors before he had killed them.

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Odysseus' reward through his entire journey is finally getting to return the ordinary world, Ithaca, and be with his wife Penelope and son Telemachus. Before he was able to be happy with his family, Penelope had a final test for him. After he passed, "with eyes brimming tears she ran to him" (Homer line 1,595).

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Odysseus is considered an epic hero for his leadership skills, intelligence, and how he is incredibly brave. His leadership skills were shown in The Lotus-Eaters when he took his men, "drove them, all three wailing, to the ships, tied them down under the rowing benches” (Homer lines 101-103). Without him dragging his men back to the boat they would've stayed there and died. Odysseus was very brave throughout his entire journey, in Scylla and Charybdis, the seamonsters, "terrified them … I walked up and down from bow to stern” (Homer lines 759-763). Odysseus had to show his men that they were going to survive, even if they were passing through monsters that could kill them. Finally intelligence, this was one of Odysseus' bigger strengths, he was with Polyphemus when he had, "touched the spot when sudden fear stayed me: if I killed him we perished there as well” realizing they wouldn't be able to escape the cave (Homer lines 247-248). Another example, is in the fight with the suitors while hiding all their weapons he says, "put aside two broadswords and two spears for our own use” making sure they would have something to fight back with that the suitors didn't have (Homer lines 1,150-1,151).