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a category of artistic composition, as in music or literature, characterized by similarities in form, style, or subject matter.

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The standard photographic film format for analog single lens reflex (SLR) still cameras and motion picture cameras. ... The 35mm film frame is 36 x 24mm, and high-end digital SLR (DSLR) and video cameras use sensors of equivalent size (see crop factor).

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A twin-lens reflex camera (TLR) is a type of camera with two objective lenses of the same focal length. One of the lenses is the photographic objective or "taking lens" (the lens that takes the picture), while the other is used for the viewfinder system, which is usually viewed from above at waist level.

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A twin-lens reflex camera (TLR) is a type of camera with two objective lenses of the same focal length. One of the lenses is the photographic objective or "taking lens" (the lens that takes the picture), while the other is used for the viewfinder system, which is usually viewed from above at waist level.

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Gelatin silver papers are commercially manufactured by applying an emulsion of light-sensitive silver salts in gelatin to a sheet of paper coated with a layer of baryta, a white pigment mixed with gelatin. ... From the early 1920s through 1937, he printed on a variety of commercial developing-out gelatin silver papers.

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a keeper or custodian of a museum or other collection.

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a public display of works of art or items of interest, held in an art gallery or museum or at a trade fair.

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framing is the presentation of visual elements in an image, especially the placement of the subject in relation to other objects.

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a room or building for the display or sale of works of art.

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the exclusive legal right, given to an originator or an assignee to print, publish, perform, film, or record literary, artistic, or musical material, and to authorize others to do the same.

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Balance in photography is observed when an image has subject areas that look balanced throughout the composition. It is achieved by shifting the frame and juxtaposing subjects within it so objects, tones, and colors are of equal visual weight.

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Value defines how light or dark a given color or hue can be. Values are best understood when visualized as a scale or gradient, from dark to light. The more tonal variants in an image, the lower the contrast.

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Pattern photography is the concept of integrating a repetition of elements into your photographs. Our daily lives are filled with repetitive patterns. Whether with shapes, colors or textures, perfect examples of repetition exist all around us.Jan

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is usually comparing size of objects, or the amount of one thing to the whole. ... By comparing the size of one object to another, it can give more or less importance to it. Colour, as an Element, is also important in Proportion.

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What is a line in photography definition? A line in a photo is a point that moves, leading towards something. Some lines are obvious, and some are implied. The viewer's eyes are naturally drawn along lines.

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shape describes a flat, enclosed area of space. Shapes can be constructed with colors and lines, but all shapes are limited to two dimensions – width and length.

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component of light which is separated when it is reflected off of an object. Color begins with light and the colors we see are influenced by the characteristics of the light source.

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the visual quality of the surface of an object, revealed through variances in shape, tone and color depth. ... Capturing high levels of detail

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how light or dark a given color or hue can be. Values are best understood when visualized as a scale or gradient, from dark to light. The more tonal variants in an image, the lower the contrast.

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when shape takes on three dimensions. Form is created by shadows and highlights on an object in the photograph. You can see in these two photos how shape becomes form when light hits the subject.

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adding visual space in front of the direction that an object is moving, looking or pointing to imply motion and direction and to lead the eye of the viewer.

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dding a slight blur of the action to your shot helps tell a story. This storytelling element makes the images a little less static and unexpected.

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is a principle of visual design in photography that involves the repetition of certain elements in an image to make it visually pleasing. Employing unity when creating a photo brings all the elements together to make a cohesive, strong image that feels like they all fit together

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defined as an area or object within the artwork that draws attention and becomes a ​focal point. Focal point ​refers to an area in the composition that has the most significance - an area that the artist wants to draw attention to as the most important aspect.

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balance is a form of symmetrical balance where elements within an image radiate outwards from a central point. This way, they create an even pattern, adding depth and visual movement to the picture. It can help bring the viewer's eyes to a subject placed in the center.

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is achieved when both sides of the image hold equal weight. ... Each photograph is equally balanced if split down the middle, yet one is literally symmetrical and the other uses different elements of the composition to appear symmetrical.

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it has unequal visual weight on either side. But those visual elements balance out each other. This means that an asymmetrical photo still follows the rules of composition. ... It's all about manipulating the visual weight of the elements.

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It happens when two or more people/objects are compared side by side, creating an interesting contrast in colors, shapes, lines, etc. It's a very significant way to describe two contrasting effects of objects, ideas, people, images, and animals in a single photo.

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means of depicting a visual image that does not have an immediate association with the object world and that has been created through the use of photographic equipment, processes or materials.

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Any photo containing only the hues or tones of one specific color is monochromatic. ... You can achieve the effect of monochromatic colors by using post-processing software. Or, you can take a photo of a scene containing only one color.

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cool colors include green, blue, and violet. The two categories of color have their own moods, and it helps to ask yourself which ones you're photographing at a given time if you want to optimize how your photos look.

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Warm colors include red, orange, and yellow, while cool colors include green, blue, and violet. The two categories of color have their own moods, and it helps to ask yourself which ones you're photographing at a given time if you want to optimize how your photos look.

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Neutral tones are often earth-colored tones that relate to the natural elements of an outdoor environment. Neutral tones can be the color of sand, the color of water, or the color of dust

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Complementary colors—that is, colors opposite one another on the color wheel—can be used very effectively in visual art, including photography. When juxtaposed, complementary colors make each seem brighter and more vivid, creating a powerful visual effect.

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A triadic color scheme uses three colors that are evenly spaced around the color wheel. For example, the three primary colors form a triadic color scheme: red, yellow, and blue. A triadic color scheme uses every fourth color, leaving three colors between each.

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The rule of thirds describes a basic compositional structure of a photograph. ... The rule indicates that you should place key elements of your scene at one or more of these areas in a photo. The rule of thirds suggests placing key elements of your photo at the points where any of the lines intersect.

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Leading lines are lines that appear in a photograph that have been framed and positioned by the photographer to draw the viewer's eye towards a specific point of interest. These lines often draw the viewer's eye in a specific direction or towards a designated portion of the photograph.

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What is the Golden Ratio in Photography? The golden ratio is a ratio of approximately 1.618 to 1. Artists have used this ratio for centuries to create works of art from paintings to architecture.

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is the area surrounding the main subject in a photograph which is left unoccupied. Put simply, it is the space around the object itself that helps define the positive space (or main focus).

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Positive space is any part of the photo that jumps out from its surroundings. That includes your subject, for example, along with other noteworthy areas of detail. Negative space is just the opposite — parts of an image that don't attract as much attention, surrounding the positive space and giving it a buffer.

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Backlight in photography involves positioning the main light source for a photograph behind the primary subject. Backlighting is a popular technique among skilled photographers, but it can also present unique challenges for exposure and composition.

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Diffused light is light that is essentially going through a filter that spreads the light out and makes it fall on your subjects evenly and without very much contrast. The light has been softened.

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traditionally refers to any form of light that the photographer did not add to their image, and can include both "natural" ambient sunlight, or "artificial" ambient light such as a nearby street light, lamp, or similar.

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is an Italian term, made from two words – chiaro meaning bright or clear and scuro meaning dark or obscure. So, put simply, you could say the definition of chiaroscuro is 'light/dark'. ... In photography, the chiaroscuro lighting technique can be defined simply as high contrast lighting.

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Silhouette photography is a wonderful way to convey drama, mystery, emotion and mood in a picture. A silhouette is defined as a view of an object or a scene consisting of the outline and a featureless interior, with the silhouetted object usually being black.

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The difference between these two styles is that objective photography tries to show the world as it really is, while subjective photography tries to show the world as the photographer herself sees it. Specific aspects of a picture that can make it objective or subjective are angle, tone, color and intent.

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is the process of offering valid and well-reasoned opinions about the work of others, usually involving both positive and negative comments, in a friendly manner rather than an oppositional one.

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the practice of taking someone else's work or ideas and passing them off as one's own

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a symbol, word, or words legally registered or established by use as representing a company or product.

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relating to moral principles or the branch of knowledge dealing with these.

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a painting, especially an altarpiece, on two hinged wooden panels which may be closed like a book.

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a picture or relief carving on three panels, typically hinged together side by side and used as an altarpiece.

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a minute area of illumination on a display screen, one of many from which an image is composed.

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golden hour is the period of daytime shortly after sunrise or before sunset, during which daylight is redder and softer than when the sun is higher in the sky.

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The blue hour is the period of twilight when the Sun is at a significant depth below the horizon and residual, indirect sunlight takes on a predominantly blue shade, which differs from the one visible during most of a clear day, which is caused by Rayleigh scattering.

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A file format is a standard way that information is encoded for storage in a computer file. It specifies how bits are used to encode information in a digital storage medium.

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Joint Photographic Experts Group”. It's a standard image format for containing lossy and compressed image data. ... JPEG files can also contain high-quality image data with a lossless compression. In PaintShop Pro JPEG is a commonly used format for storing the edited images.

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RAW files are generally large in size because it contains minimally processed image data with lossless quality.

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Tag Image File Format, abbreviated TIFF or TIF, is a computer file format for storing raster graphics images, popular among graphic artists, the publishing industry, and photographers.

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s an image file format native to Adobe’s popular Photoshop Application. It’s an image editing friendly format that supports multiple image layers and various imaging options. PSD files are commonly used for containing high quality graphics data

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a dark area or shape produced by a body coming between rays of light and a surface.

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A mid-tone is precisely that – all luminance values that are not dark or light are considered to be mid-tones. ... While mid-tones help to ensure much information is contained in an image, a photograph consisting of only mid-tones lacks dynamics.

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the lightest part or one of the lightest parts of a painting, drawing, etc. especially : one that depicts the areas of the subject receiving the greatest amount of illumination added highlights to the painting used white pencil for the highlights and charcoal for the shadows.

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reddish-brown color, sometimes specifically made for artists from cuttlefish ink. The distinctly brown-tinted photographs of the 19th century are also described as sepia. ... The word itself came to be used for both the pigment and its red-brown color.

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Post processing is the work done on a 3D render after it's completed, usually outside of the 3D software package in editing software like Adobe Photoshop for images or Adobe After Effects for videos. Post processing is used for predominantly three reasons: To fix small errors in a long render.

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is the camera mode where all settings are automated, including shutter speed, aperture, ISO and flash settings. Full Auto mode is commonly accessed by turning the mode dial (this is on the top of most digital cameras) to the 'A' icon.

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means that the camera still sets the exposure for you. It chooses the correct aperture and shutter speed for the light available, so your shot is correctly exposed. Program mode also unlocks other functions that give you more creative control over your images.

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Aperture priority, often abbreviated A or Av on a camera mode dial, is a setting on some cameras that allows the user to set a specific aperture value while the camera selects a shutter speed to match it that will result in proper exposure based on the lighting

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Shutter priority mode is a semi-automatic shooting mode in cameras. It allows the user to select a shutter speed while the camera automatically adjusts the aperture to get the correct exposure.

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is one of the main settings on your camera, and it lets you manually control shutter speed, aperture, and ISO. These three settings work together to control the how bright or dark your photo is (known as exposure), as well as change the overall look of the image.

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scale is an arbitrary rating of film speed; that is, the sensitivity of the film to light. If everything else is kept constant, the required exposure time is inversely proportional to the ASA rating

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ISO refers to the sensitivity—the signal gain—of the camera's sensor. The ISO setting is one of three elements used to control exposure; the other two are f/stop and shutter speed.

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the random optical texture of processed photographic film due to the presence of small particles of a metallic silver, or dye clouds, developed from silver halide that have received enough photons.

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is the commonly-used term to describe visual distortion. It looks similar to grain found in film photographs, but can also look like splotches of discoloration when it's really bad, and can ruin a photograph. Noise tends to get worse when you're shooting in low light.

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a device that allows the camera to convert photons – that is, light – into electrical signals that can be interpreted by the device. The first digital cameras used charge-coupled devices, facilitating movement of the electrical charge through the device so it could be modulated

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is the length of time that the film is exposed to the scene you're photographing. Similarly, in digital photography, shutter speed is the length of time that your image sensor “sees” the scene you're attempting to capture.

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simply a shutter speed option that you can select in Manual mode on your camera. It allows your shutter speed to be any length you choose: one second, one minute, 17 minutes, or anything else.

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Motion blur is the apparent streaking of moving objects in a photograph or a sequence of frames, such as a film or animation. It results when the image being recorded changes during the recording of a single exposure, due to rapid movement or long exposure.

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a term used to define the act of accidentally shaking a camera during shooting due to unsteady hands, which results in blurry images. This generally occurs more often if you're shooting on a low shutter speed or with a heavy lens, and can be avoided by using a tripod and cable release setup.

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A monopod, also called a unipod, is a single staff or pole used to help support cameras, binoculars, rifles or other precision instruments in the field.

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a space through which light passes in an optical or photographic instrument, especially the variable opening by which light enters a camera.

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the visual quality of the out-of-focus areas of a photographic image, especially as rendered by a particular lens.

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Put simply, it refers to how blurry or sharp the area is around your subject. A shallow depth of field refers to a small area in focus. Often the subject is in focus, while the background is blurred. ... A deep depth of field captures a larger area in focus, often keeping everything in the image sharp and clear.

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The focal length of the lens is the distance between the lens and the image sensor when the subject is in focus, usually stated in millimeters (e.g., 28 mm, 50 mm, or 100 mm). In the case of zoom lenses, both the minimum and maximum focal lengths are stated, for example 18–55 mm.

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A Prime lens is one that has a fixed focal length; there is no zoom ring on the lens so the focal length always remains the same. ... 12-24mm or 16-35mm), the telephoto zoom lens (eg. 70-200mm, 100-400mm, and 150-600mm), or the multi-purpose zoom lens (such as the 18-300mm and 24-105mm lenses).

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Long-exposure, time-exposure, or slow-shutter photography involves using a long-duration shutter speed to sharply capture the stationary elements of images while blurring, smearing, or obscuring the moving elements.

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Time-lapse photography is a technique in which the frequency at which film frames are captured is much more spread out than the frequency that is used to view the sequence. When played at normal speed, time appears to be moving faster and thus lapsing.

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Light painting, painting with light, light drawing, or light art performance photography are terms that describe photographic techniques of moving a light source while taking a long exposure photograph

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swivelling a still or video camera horizontally from a fixed position. This motion is similar to the motion of a person when they turn their head on their neck from left to right. ... In other words, the camera moves perpendicular to the direction it is pointed.

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The numbers 720 and 1080 refer to the horizontal resolution. Therefore, 720p HD camera resolution provides images that are 1280 x 720 pixels (that adds up to 921,600 pixels, which means a 720p HD camera is not technically a megapixel camera), and 1080p HD cameras provide 1920 x 1080-pixel resolution, or 2.1 megapixels