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Guess the Number

Temperature Conversor

Divisible Numbers

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IFs in programming also supply some useful operators that allow us to create conditions that are more specific or broader. Most languages supply some of these operators in one way or the other: and, or, not.

The and operator "multiplies" conditions. Two statements combined with the and operator will only return true if both are true. The and operator is often represented as a double ampersand (&&) in programming.

let age = 14;

if(age > 18) {
    alert("You're an adult");
} else if (age < 18 && age > 12) {
    alert("You're a teenager");
} else {
    alert("You're a child");
}
// This would output "You're a teenager", because 12 is smaller than 18 and bigger than 12.

The or operator "adds" conditions. Two statements combined with the or operator will return true if either statement is true. The or operator is often represented as a double vertical bar (||) in programming.

let age = 58;
let money = 1000;

if(age > 60 || money > 800) {
    alert("You can enter");
} else {
    alert("Sorry, you're not allowed to enter");
}

// This would output "You can enter", because, even though the age variable is smaller than 60, the money is bigger than 800.

The not operator "flips" a condition. A statement followed by the not operator returns the opposite value (true if it's false, false if it's true). The not operator is often represented as an exclamation mark (!) in programming. Keep in mind that not is a unary operator, which means it only acts on one statement, as opposed to multiple.

let isFull = false;

while( ! isFull ) {
    eat();
}
// This code will run untill isFull becomes true. Reading it as 'while not isFull' might help understanding it.
// Interpret the eat() part as calling an external function that will set isFull to true whenever it decides to.

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Wikipedia;

Moodle material;

Our Brains.

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Anders Hejlsberg is a Danish software engineer who gained prestige for developing Delphi and Turbo Pascal at Borland and the .NET platform after migrating to Microsoft. He is the lead architect of the C# programming language and core developer of TypeScript.

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Brendan Eich is an American computer programmer and creator of the JavaScript programming language. Former head of the technology office at Mozilla Corporation.

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The popular language, JavaScript, was created in 1995 by Bredan Eich, for the Netscape Navigator 2 browser. At that time, all the processing was done by servers (in the USA), besides the connection being limited and slow. One of the main reasons for its creation, was the validation of forms, since then, the capacity of JS has grown a lot, allowing applications and web interactions, making it possible today to use it both, on the server-side and on the client-side, and although it was created for Netscape, it is now implemented in all big browsers.

>> Curiosity: The name of the 1st proposal created by Bredan Eich, was called LiveScript, with the function of “bringing life” to the sites, but as the Java language was the most popular at the time, the name 'Java' was adopted to gain this more popularity.

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Although different languages have different syntaxes, IFs are pretty similar in all of them. You usually have the following structure.

if ( <condition> ) {
    <action>
}

The <action> field can be any type of code, and it will only execute if <condition> is true.

Example in JavaScript:

if( 10 > 5 ) {
    alert("10 is greater than 5!")
}

We can also specify an ELSE, in which the code inside will only run if the <condition> is false;

if( 10 > 50 ) {
    alert("10 is greater than 50!")
} else {
    alert("10 is not greater than 50!")
}

We can even put IFs inside ELSEs, which allow us to make almost anything! (We can omit ELSE's { } to simplify the reading)

if( 10 > 50 ) {
    alert("10 is greater than 50!")
} else if (10 > 25) {
    alert("10 is not greater than 50, but it is greater than 30!")
} else {
    alert("10 is not greater than 50 nor 30!")
}

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IFs in programming are very similar to IFs in language - they specify a condition and an action that should happen if it's true.

In programming, IFs are a must, as if-less programs are static and can have no interaction with the user. They allow us to specify a condition and some code that should be executed if it's true. They also allow us to run some code if it's not true, and we can chain multiple IFs together and create complex situations that are very specific to a set of conditions.

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C# is a general-purpose programming language, designed by Anders Hejlsberg from Microsoft in 2000, being inspired by Java and C/C++. It became an ISO standard in 2002 and was introduced a year later by Microsoft along with the .NET Framework and Visual Studio IDE. It began as a closed-source project (only Microsoft had access to its compiler and runtime's code), but soon an open-source implementation, called Mono, was created, which made C# cross-platform. Ten years later, Microsoft introduced .NET Core, which was an official open-source C# implementation, which consolidated its cross-platform capabilities.

C# is a very popular language for its speed, libraries, runtime, syntax, and versatility, as developers can use it to build games, web servers, embedded applications, and more.

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