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The Celts arrives in Ireland.

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St. Patrick arrives to Ireland.
The saint who brought christianity to Ireland.

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Ireland becomes an English colony.

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1000-1500: The religious beginning of the conflict

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1000-1500: The religious beginning of the conflict

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The religious conflict has it roots in the late Middle Ages and during the Reformation. In the 1100's, England started to gain control over Ireland. It was particularly difficult for England to rule the catholic's of the northern corner of Ireland and therefore, they sent protestant Englishmen and Scots to settle in the area

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Potatoes crops failed for four years do to potato blight (fungus), which caused a devasting famine in Ireland. Over a million of its population died from because of it and millions more immigrated to other countries as America. This meant that Irelands' population was reduced by almost two million people.

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The Irish Home Rule movement was a movement in favour of self-goverment for Ireland within the UK and Ireland. From 1886-1914, the Irish tried to pass multiple bills to be self-governing within the UK and Ireland, but the intervention of World War 1 meant that it never came into force. Following the events at the Easter Rising of 1916, public support shifted to the more radical Sinn Fein party.

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On Easter Monday, April 24, 1916, a group of Irish nationalists proclaimed the establishment of the Irish Republic and, along with 1,600 followers, started a rebellion against the British government in Ireland. The rebels seized prominent buildings in Dublin and fought against British troops. Within a week, the rebeillion had been suppressed and more than 2,000 people were dead or injured. The leaders of the rebellion were executed.

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Irish Republican Army. The organisation was formed after the Easter Rising in 1916 which was an attempt to finish the rule of Great Britian over Ireland.
Members of IRA were convinced that a republic could only be gained by force.

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A breakaway government declared Irish independence. From this date the Irish war of Independence started. This war was initiated by members of IRA.

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1919-1921: The Irish War of Independence. 

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1919-1921: The Irish War of Independence. 

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The first Irish Republican Army fought the British in the 1919 to 1992. The Anglo-Irish treaty concluding the war divided Ireland into a Catholic Irish Free State and Protestant Northern Ireland, which became the British province, Ulster. In 1922, Northern Ireland began to function as a self-governing region of the United Kingdom

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From 1922 until 1972, Northern Ireland functioned as a self-governing region of the United Kingdom. The government was formed by the Unionist Party. Its power was supported by by a close association with the Protestant fraternal organisations. One third of the population of Northern Ireland was Catholic, and Catholics and they found themselves effectively excluded from political processes and also discriminated against in terms of obtaining jobs and  public housing.
In the 1960s, Catholics and some liberal Protestants began their protests against discrimination. Demonstrations were opposed by the unionist Northern Ireland  government and policed by the largely Protestant police force. What began as peaceful protesting escalated into violece.
The British Army was deployed to restore order and was initially welcomed by Catholics.
The Troubles is deemed to have ended with the Good Friday Agreement.

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The Irish Republican Army were split into two factions. The other was the Provisional IRA.
Unlike the "Provisionals", "Officials" didn't think that Ireland could be unified until the Protestant majority of Northern Ireland and Catholic minority of Northern Ireland were at peace with each other.
The Officials were Marxist-Leninists and worked to form a united front with other Irish communist groups, named the Irish National Liberation Front.
From here IRA was called Official Irish Republican Army and the new formed group was called  Provisional Irish Republican Army.

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"Bloody Sunday" was a mass shooting in Derry~Londonderry, Northern Ireland, where British soldiers shot 26 civilians. 13 unarmed civilians were shot dead as British paratroopers opened fire on a banned civil rights march. The march was a protest against internment  without trial.

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The year 1972 was the deadliest of The Troubles. 479 people were killed (including 130 British soldiers) and 4,876 were injured.

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On 10 April 1998, the Good Friday Agreement (or Belfast Agreement) was signed. This resulted in a new government being formed that would see power being shared between Unionists and Nationalists. The idea of the agreement was to get the two sides to work together in a group called the Northern Ireland Assembly. The Assembly would make some decisions that were previously made by the UK government in London. This agreement ended most of the violence of The Troubles.

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The formation a the terrorist group the Real IRA.

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The last census put the Protestant population at 48%, while the Catholic population was at 45 %.
1 % af the population define themselve as non-Christian and 6 % is not religious.

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A Brief History of the Conflicts in the North (of Ireland)

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A Brief History of the Conflicts in the North (of Ireland)

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A Brief History of the Conflicts in the North (of Ireland) - Manny Man Does History