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Current supreme leader since 1989

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Current President

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-1997- Mohammad Khatami is elected as president

2001- Khatami is elected for the second time as president.

2002- George Bush includes Iran as part of the "Axis of evil"

2004- Iran considers restarting their nuclear development.

2005-Mahmoud Ahmadinejad is elected as president.

2006- Ahmadinejad says that the nuclear program is solely for civilian energy uses. Ahmadinejad sends a letter to Bush asking to ease the tension over the nuclear program.

2007- Ahmadinejad visits the United States and the US puts new sanctions on Iran for slowing the nuclear program's progress and limit their military. It is also revealed that Iran has stopped processing nuclear weapons in 2003 but have the ability to do so in the future.

2008- European Union adds sanctions on Iran for the same concern of nuclear development.

2009- Ahmadinejad is once again elected as president which causes protests by supporters of another candidate named Mir Hossein Mousavi.

2010- Iran continues to work on nuclear energy and sets up their nuclear power plants.

2011- Iran now has the ability to create nuclear reactors.

2012- US puts more  sanctions on Iran for their oil export profits. Also, because of their nuclear program, the European Union puts an oil embargo on Iran.

2013- Hassan Rouhani becomes president barely reaching over 50% of the vote.
-Says Iran will never create nuclear weapons.

2014-2015- Iran's nuclear program continues to develop and evolve.

2016- Sanctions are lifted off of Iran because the UN was happy with the progress of their nuclear agreements.

-Iran's next presidential election is May 19,2017

http://www.pbs.org/newshour/updates/middle_east-jan-june10-timeline/
http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-14542438

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Commander of the Taliban killed 2007

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-Central Asia is rich with oil and natural gas. It has a good geological advantage being surrounded by big economical countries like China, what was the U.S.S.R., and other small prosperous countries. http://ivanstat.com/gdp/central_asia.html http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-24316661
http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-14542438
1990-2000
-The combined GDP in Central Asia is 53 billion USD
.23% of world's GDP
-GDP per capita is 1051 USD
-The fall of the U.S.S.R.
-during 1991-2001 central Asia had a population increase on average of 22%
-more crime and drug trafficking occurred to the countries that were controlled by Russia
2001-2010
-most countries experienced economic growth when the 21st century started due to the prices of natural resources rising
2011-2017
-The combined GDP which grew is around 302.8 billion USD and is .41% of the world's GDP

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Afghanistan was one of the poorest countries and still is, but they have been growing economically from the recent decade. It also is 177th in the world for education of children.
https://www.bartleby.com/essay/The-Economy-of-Afghanistan-PKJZ7DUAVC
http://workmall.com/wfb2001/afghanistan/afghanistan_economy.html
Afghanistan's education
http://www.trustineducation.org/resources/life-as-an-afghan-woman/
-after the taliban fell the country spent billions trying to secure the country for the future generation which is about 42% of its population
-no girls were in any formal school in 2001
-the education has suffered due to the 3 decades of constant war
-Afghanistan has a huge problem with gender equality
-most children in schools are boys
-most women are forced into marriage by the age of 16
because the increase of kidnapping and human trafficking
-the literacy rate has been increasing at a steady rate
Afghanistan's poverty
https://www.adb.org/countries/afghanistan/poverty
https://borgenproject.org/poverty-in-afghanistan/
-Afghanistan is only second to bangladesh of being the poorest country in Asia
-most of Afghanistan's poverty is in the rural areas
-around 50% of the population above the age of 15 are unemployed
Afghanistan's trades
-its main export destinations are Pakistan and India
-its main import origins are Pakistan, iran, China and India
-the imports from Pakistan are more than double the total amount of Afghanistan's exports
-Afghanistan mainly exports opium, fruits, and nuts
-the main imports are mineral substances, grains, and sugars
1990-2000
--refugees fled to Iran and Pakistan due to it being occupied by the Soviet Union

2001-2010
-the economy and services rose due to the fall of the taliban
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2011-2017
-Afghanistan's economy is at an all time high and is increasing after the election in 2014
-the peace in Afghanistan gave them an opportunity to raise their economy

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-Iran relies on foreign trade and relations with western countries but is having trouble due to all the sanctions placed on them mainly by the U.S.
-The U.S. still trades with Iran which counters their original policies with the sanctions.
http://www.worldbank.org/en/country/iran/overview
Iran's education
http://www.iranchamber.com/education/articles/educational_system.php
http://wenr.wes.org/2017/02/education-in-iran
-the enrollment rate rose about 10% reaching 97.8%
-the system has a 12 year education comprised of primary, secondary, and pre-university
-all schools are single-sexed meaning girls and boys are segregated
-the education is based on islamic beliefs and ideas
-students go to school for 24 hours a week
Iran's poverty
http://www.borgenmagazine.com/poverty-iran-rise/
-unemployment and poverty is rising
-employed workers do not have much rights
-most employees receive minimum wage
-most government officials are millionaires which might lead to a revolution to the old regime
Iran's trades
-main export destinations are China, India, and Japan
-main import origins are China, India, and South Korea
-it mainly exports natural mineral substances chemicals (medicine)
-Iran's imports are well balanced with the top import being machines and mechanical products
1990-2000
-U.S. imposed sanctions and trade deals on Iran for their sponsorship of "terrorism" affecting Iran's economy and foreign trade
2001-2010
-oil prices rose and iran made 22 billion dollars USD but that did not help the unemployment and inflated economy

2011-2017
-Most sanctions were lifted due to iran's cooperations with its nuclear development in 2016
-the lifting of these sanction already made a significant difference in Iran's trade relations and the economy itself but unemployment still is a big problem

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- the US supported their new government.
- the us and afghanistan are in a friendly relationship
-the US was there for 15 years and 2 months on the war on terrorism.
- the US spent $113 billion dollars to help afghanistan rebuild.
-the US has made a long term commitment to help them rebuild. or also known as the SIGAR
- by 2011 the US had 33,000 troops out of afghanistan
- the us and afghanitan have no problems with each other.
http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/afghanistan/forrel-us.htm
2012
-the U.S. is growing a strong relationship with the new government ion afghanistan
- the US is traning the new afghanistan toopes.
http://abcnews.go.com/WNT/story?id=130209&page=1

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-very flat and open with a desert covering just about 60% of the landscape.
- there is a mountain range that runs through the bottom of iran called the zagros mountains .
Countries in Central Asia                                                               -Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan,
Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, and Iran

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https://prezi.com/19ijewssqtvj/the-afghanistan-civil-war-1989-1992/
http://www.indexmundi.com/iran/population_below_poverty_line.html
https://www.britannica.com/place/Central-Asia
http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-24316661
http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-14542438
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2001/oct/14/afghanistan.terrorism5
http://ivanstat.com/gdp/central_asia.html
http://www.asthabharati.org/Dia_Oct04/Prof.%20Muzza.htm

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Ashraf Ghani

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1991
the seek a mandate to end the persin war to the U.S.
1995
the oil trade sanction on iran because the us thinks that iran suportes terrorism
- clinton had also embargoed all trade with iran
2000
- billl clinton had gotten rid of the sanctioning iran
1998
- the U.S. supreme court wanted iran to pay $ 247.5 million dollars for the damage to the family of a boy that was killed in a terrorist boming in 1998
- (1995) The US stopped all oil trade when they did it because they supported terrorism.
-  In 2001 President George Bush said that Iran is one of the three "axis of evil" .
- the 9/11 attacks where the worst terrorist attacks on U.S. soil.
2017
- president trump and the trump administration is not happy with what is going on in iran when iran is firing missiles all the time at.
the obama administration was not happy how iran was firing missiles.
rersorses
http://iranprimer.usip.org/resource/timeline-irans-foreign-relations
http://foreignpolicy.com/2017/02/02/is-trump-trying-to-tweet-us-into-a-war-with-iran/

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Current Population: 31.6 million.
1992-After Najibullah, who was president at the time, falls and the civil war ends, the Taliban take over Kabul.
-The Taliban restricted women from working and they weren't allowed outside alone. Even with this, most Afghans approved of it because of many years of drought and famine.

1995- Over 1 million Afghans go to Pakistan because of the ongoing drought that won't allow farmers to grow anything or make money. They stayed in refugee camps.

1997- The Taliban now own about two thirds of the country.

1998-A year later, the US attacks some of Osama bin Laden's training bases because al-Qaeda bombed two American embassies in Africa.

2000- Osama bin Laden, now considered an international terrorist, is believed to be hiding in Afghanistan and the U.S. demands that they give Osama over for trial for bombing the U.S. embassies but the Taliban refuse. The U.N. then puts sanctions on Afghanistan that wouldn't allow them to trade or have their economy develop.

March 2001- The Taliban were strongly Islamic and destroy the Buddhist statues in Afghanistan because they found them offensive.
Sept. 4, 2001- Just about a month after the Taliban arrest international aid workers for spreading Christianity, they are put on trial. Trying to convert someone to another religion other than Islam is a crime that can be payed with a death penalty to the Taliban. The international aid workers were imprisoned for about two months before finally being released November 15th.

Sept. 9, 2001- The leader of the anti-Taliban group, aka the Northern Alliance, Masood was assassinated by two assassins disguised as journalists.

Sept. 11, 2001- The World Trade Center Towers in New York, the Pentagon outside of Washington D.C., and a Pennsylvania field are all crashed into by a total of four planes. The results were devastating since thousands were killed. The U.S. believe Osama is the main suspect behind these attacks causing the U.S. and Britain to finally force an answer from the Taliban to turn over bin Laden.

October 2001- The U.S. and Britain launch airstrikes in Afghanistan on Taliban bases and the Taliban say that they are ready to fight us back.

November 2001- The Taliban fight goes on and the Northern Alliance join in by moving into Kabul and the Taliban retreat into Kandahar.

December 2001- The Taliban can no longer hold onto their rule over Afghanistan. They surrender their final piece of ownership over Afghanistan which was the province of Zabul.
-The Afghan Islamic press then declare that the Taliban rule was officially over.
-The country has now became a provisional government, also called an interim government. After living in exile for some years in Pakistan, Hamid Karzai entered into Afghanistan.

2002- Hamid Karzai was elected the new leader of the new government that would last 6 months with support from the U.S.

2003- NATO takes control over Kabul's security despite always only working in Europe.

January 2004- A new constitution is put into place by the Loya Jirga that calls for a president, two vice presidents, and equality for women. Also in the new constitution the role of a prime minister was gotten rid of.
-The official language is Pashto and Dari.

October 2004- Finally a presidential election is held with a total of 18 candidates including Hamid Karzai.
-Hamid Karzai wins with a total of 55 percent of the vote.

2005- After 30 years of not having a parliamentary vote, Afghanistan finally held one and they hold the first meeting in a long time.

2006- NATO spreads its operation towards the southern part of the country and the Taliban launch suicide attacks and raids against the U.S. troops in the country.

2007- Mullah Dadullah, Taliban leader, is killed during a US-led operation confirmed by NATO and Afghan troops. He had no left leg and three bullet holes. One to the head and two in the stomach.

2008- President Karzai plans to save the government and the international community helps with more than $15 billion dollars.

2009- U.S. President Obama helps Afghanistan during the war to have more military and trainers for the country.

2011- U.S. troops kill Osama bin Laden in Pakistan

-From here on the Taliban continue their attacks

2014- Ashraf Ghani becomes president

2015-  Mullah Akhter Mansour replaces Mullah Omar as Taliban leader.

2016- Mullah Mansour is killed by a drone attack from the US.

http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2007/05/mullah_dadullah_tali.php- Taliban leader's death
http://www.pbs.org/newshour/updates/asia-jan-june11-timeline-afghanistan/ -Second Timeline
http://www.bbc.com/news/world-south-asia-12024253