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About a third of Guatemala's northern region is covered by a limestone plateau called Peten. The terrain here is jungle-like, with many lakes and ponds. Although rainfall in Peten is abundant and at times heavy, the water quickly drains into underground caves, leaving the soil too dry for farming.

The main external agent acting in here is erosion, which, due to gravity, removes weathered material.

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The lake is ringed by a tropical rain forest, and home to a rich population of fish. In addition, fresh-water sea manatees populate its waters.
Running surface water causes these type of landform.

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Guatemala City is 9,509 km far from Spain.

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Close to the ocean, palm trees grow on black sandy beaches; farther inland, a narrow plain covered with grassland rises into the mountains of the highlands.
The sea acts as an external agent.

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A lowland region covers the country's eastern section, where its beaches meet the Caribbean Sea.
Headlands and bays are formed when the sea attacks a section of the coast with alternating of hard and soft rock. So, the sea itself, acts as an external process.

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Guatemala's highlands consist of mountains running from east to west, covering more than half of the country. Largest of these mountain ranges is the Sierra Madre, which contains both inactive and active volcanoes.
Cracks on the lithosphere allow magma to rise to the surface and then form volcanoes.