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Hello everyone, welcome to our padlet. We want to share with you guys about review and expansion in adjective clauses. In this topic we will learn about :
- adjective clauses : placement
- relative pronouns as subjects : who, which, that
- relative pronouns as objects : who(m), which, that, Ø
- whose + noun to indicate possession
- where and when in adjective clauses
- identifying or non-identifying.

In this padlet we shared notes, video and practices. There is also a discussion section where we can further discuss this topic. Last but not least, feel free to ask us any questions regarding this topic.

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Fill in the blank with word who or which .

1. I have three sisters and two brothers, _______ made things pretty crowded when we were growing up.

2. Our house _______ is four stories high, has  3 bedrooms.

3. He ____ excuses himself accuses himself.

4. My other brother, ________ is a type A, is a great guy but always has to be right.

5. Education is the most powerful weapon ___ you can use to change the world.

6. Math is the subject _______ is the easiest for me

7. He is the best general _____ makes the fewest mistakes.

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Relative Pronouns as Objects : Who(m), Which, That, Ø(no pronoun)

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Relative Pronouns as Objects : Who(m), Which, That, Ø(no pronoun)

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1. to refer to people use :
a) whom
b) who
c) that
whom is quite formal. who and that are less formal and used in conversation and informal writing. that is the least formal.

Example :

a)  That is the doctor who(m) we consulted.
b)  Mr. Pitkin was the person that i mentioned.
c)  Three women whom I didn’t know walked into my office.
d)  I know a man that doesn’t have to work for a living.

2. to refer to things, use :
a) which
b) that
which is a bit formal than that.

Example :
a) The test which i took was a bit difficult.
b)  The information that I found on the Internet helped me a lot.

3.  Sometimes, you can omit the relative pronoun in conversation and informal writing if it is an object.

Example :
a)  The soup I had for lunch was too salty.
b)  The people we saw on the bridge waved at us .

4. The verb in an adjective clause agrees with the subject of the clause, not with the object.

Example :
a) The Wangs are the people that Sally sees frequently.

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Fill in the blank  with the suitable  word.

1.  The man ___ I met on the plane talked a lot.
2.   The food ___ we ate at the sidewalk cafe was delicious.
3. It’s innocence ____ it charms us, ignorance ___ when it doesn’t.
4.  All of the people ____ I asked to my party can come.
5.  haven't seen Frank, ___ brother is five, for a long time now.
6.  The student ___ raised her hand in class asked the teacher a question.
7. This is the man ____ house is on fire.
8.  The robber stole the car ___ the lady parked in front of the supermarket.
9.  The book __ you gave me is great.
10.  Yesterday I saw a car ___ was really old.
11. The woman ___ dog is barking is very wealthy.
12. Solitude is painful ____ one is young but delightful ___ one is more mature
13. Do you remember the town ______ you were born?
14. 1999 is the year ______ the big earthquake happened.
15. The container ______ we throw our trash should be kept outside the house.
16. Do you know the drawer ______ your mother keeps her jewelry?
17. The hotel ______ i work is very close to my house.

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Use whose to introduce and adjective clause that indicate possession.  we use whose to replace his/her/its/their + noun. An adjective clause with whose can modify people or things.

WHOSE CANNOT BE OMITTED.

Example :
a) Ken is a man + We met his wife = Ken is the man whose wife we met.
b) Harvey, whose house we're renting, is a lawyer
c) It's a theory whose origins go back many years
d) Education is a weapon whose effects depends on who holds it in his hand and at whom it is aimed.

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1.Where
The word where can be used to introduce an adjective clause that modified a noun of place.

Example :
a)This is the market where we buy some goods.
b)Lahad Datu is the town where I was born.
c)This is the building where she works.

2.When/That
when or that can be used to begin an adjective clause that modifies a noun of time.
a)I can't think of a time when/that I wasn’t sad.
b)I remember the day when/that we parted.
c) Beauty is when you can appreciate yourself.

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Here's another additional exercise for you guys.

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Adjective clauses are used to modify nouns or pronouns. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate relative pronoun. Also, underline the adjective clauses in the following sentences and state which noun or pronoun is modified by them.

Answers

1. The girl who won the first prize is my niece. (Modifies the noun girl.)

2. The forest through which we travelled was dark and gloomy. (Modifies the noun forest.)

3. My sister who lives in Mexico is a nurse. (Modifies the noun sister)

4. This is the same house that Tennyson occupied. (Modifies the noun house)

5. This is the same old story that we have been hearing since our childhood. (Modifies the noun story)

6. He has a brilliant son who is certain to bring credit to his family. (Modifies the noun son)

7. All that glitters is not gold. (Modifies the determiner all)

8. He that is down fears no fall. (Modifies the pronoun he)

9. The plan (that) I proposed was rejected. (Modifies the noun plan)

10. This is the reason why he does not want to come here. (Modifies the noun reason)

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Underline the adjective clauses: grammar exercise

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Adjective clauses are used to modify nouns or pronouns. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate relative pronoun. Also, underline the adjective clauses in the following sentences and state which noun or pronoun is modified by them. 1. The girl who won the first prize is my niece. (Modifies the noun girl.)

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An adjective clause is a dependent clause. This means that the clause cannot stand alone as a sentence as it must be connected to a main clause. The purpose of an adjective clause is to describe a noun or modifies a noun or pronoun in the main clause. Other than that, adjective clause can be seen as the one that combines two sentence in a sentence.

Confused?
Fret not, examples are below.

Firstly, a bit of extra information regarding main clauses.

A main clause or also known as independent clause must contain a subject and a verb. For example,

Mary kicked the can.
Subject: Mary
Verb: kicked

The sentence Mary kicked the can can stand on its own as a sentence however a sentence that only have adjective clauses cannot stand alone. For example,

Mary, who was wearing a red dress
kicked the can.

After we remove the main clause from the sentence above, it will become

who was wearing a red dress

This is called a fragment

and to avoid fragments, one should always link the adjective clause with the main clause.

You can test your understanding by doing the question below.

Construct a sentence/s using adjective clauses without fragments.

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Adjective Clauses : Review and Expansion

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Adjective Clauses : Review and Expansion

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1.What is an adjective clauses ?
It is a sentence which contain complete subject and verb and sometimes will begin with relative pronoun such as :
-who
-whom
-which
-that

2. How to use an adjective clauses?

To refer to people, use :

-who
-that
Example of sentences :

1. Khadijah is the woman that lives next door to me.

2. Introvert is essentially a person who is energized by being alone.

3. It is disappointing to see that racism is still alive and kicking.

4. The Brookes are the people who colonize the land.

5. The fish will soon be caught that nibbles at every bait.

To refer to things , use :

-which
-that
Example of sentence :

1. Seni Lukisan is the subject which the easiest for me.

2. This is the car that is the most cheapest.

3. Asus is the laptop company which have the highest profit in year 2017.

4. Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world.

5. Kindness is the language which the deaf can hear and the blind can see.

3.Therefore,below are some adjective clauses that are grammatically wrong :

a)She who comes from Japan is my roommate .

b) The new book which I read it was very interesting.

c) Edmonds Community College, which located in the US, has a lot of international students.

So, let me know what is your opinion on these sentences. Plus, we will discussed it in the next section;)

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In order to punctuate adjective clauses correctly, we need to identify wether the adjective clause is essential  or non essential.

Essential Clauses
An adjective clause is essential when we need the information it provides therefore essential clauses do not require commas.For example,

The fruits that my grandmother harvested are mostly apples and strawberries.

Fruits are nonspecific thus to know which ones we were referring to, the information must be in the adjective clause. Therefore it becomes an essential adjective clause and will not be needing any commas.

Nonessential clauses
Nonessential clauses are when we do not need the information in the adjective clause or simply when it has a more specific noun. This causes the clause to require a comma to separate it from the rest of the sentence. For example,

They sell oranges, which is my favorite fruit.

Test your understanding by making one or two sentences with adjective clauses using correct punctuation. Good luck!

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