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South Africa has an immense linguistic diversity, it is known as the rainbow nation, because they have a total of 11 official languages.

All of this occurred due to the racial segregation that took place during the aparthaid period (1948-1994). It was at this same time that English was adopted as the language of the Nelson Mandela party.

Below are the 11 languages spoken: Zulu, Xhosa, Afrikaan, Sesotho sa Leboa, Setswana, Sotho, Tsonga, Swati, Tshivenḓa, Ndebele, English.

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Zulu is South Africa’s biggest language, spoken by almost a quarter (23%) of the population. Our other official languages are Xhosa (spoken by 16%), Afrikaans (13.5%), English (10%), Sesotho sa Leboa (9%), Setswana and Sesotho (both 8%), Xitsonga (4.5%), Swati and Tshivenda (both 2.5%), and Ndebele (2%)

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Afrikaans
Also known as: isiBhuru (isiNdebele), isiBhulu (isiXhosa), isiBhunu (isiZulu), siBhunu (siSwati), Seburu (Sesotho sa Leboa), Xibunu (Xitsonga)
First-language users: 6,855,082 (13.5% of South Africans)
Second-language users: 10,300,000 (2002 estimate)
All users: 17,155,082 (estimate)

English
Also known as: Engels (Afrikaans), isiNgisi (isiNdebele and isiZulu), isiNgesi (isiXhosa), Senyesemane (Sesotho), Seisemane (Sesotho sa Leboa), siNgisi (siSwati), Xinghezi (Xitsonga)
First-language users: 4,892,623 (9.6% of South Africans)
Second-language users: 11,000,000 (2002 estimate)
All users: 15,892,623 (estimate)

IsiNdebele
Also known as: Ndebele, Southern Ndebele, Ndzundza, isiKhethu
First-language users: 1,090,233 (2.1% of South Africans)
Second-language users: 1,400,000 (2002 estimate)
All users: 2,490,233 (estimate)

IsiXhosa
Also known as: Xhosa
First-language users: 8,154,258
Second-language users: 11,000,000 (2002 estimate)
All users: 19,154,258 (estimate)

IsiZulu
Also known as: Zulu
First-language users: 11,587,374 (22.7% of the population)
Second-language users: 15,700,000 (2002 estimate)
All users: 27,300,000 (estimate)

Sesotho
Also known as: Southern Sotho
First-language users: 3,798,915 (7.6% of the population)
Second-language users: 7,900,000 (2002 estimate)
All users: 11,698,915 (estimate)

Sesotho sa Leboa (Sepedi)
Also known as: Northern Sotho
First-language users: 4,618,576 (9.1% of the population)
Second-language users: 9,100,000 (2002 estimate)
All users: 13,518,576 (estimate)

Setswana
Also known as: Tswana, Sechuana, Chuana
First-language users: 4,067,248 (8% of the population)
Second-language users: 7,700,000 (2002 estimate)
All users: 11,767,248 (estimate)

siSwati
Also known as: Swati, Swazi
First-language users: 1,297,046 (2.5% of the population)
Second-language users: 2,400,000 (2002 estimate)
All users: 3,697,046 (estimate)

Tshivenda
Also known as: Venda, Chivenda
First-language users: 1,209,388 (2.4% of the population)
Second-language users: 1,700,000 (2002 estimate)
All users: 2,909,388 (estimate)

Xitsonga
Also known as: Tsonga, Shangaan, Shangana, Vatsonga
First-language users: 2,277,148 (4.5% of the population)
Second-language users: 3,400,000 (2002 estimate)
All users: 5,677,148 (estimate)

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Started at 19th century right after Dutch colonization and lasted untill 20th century. It introduced the English language as the official one.

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At the end of the apartheid system the country developed a new constitution which is from 1996 and after all these years been ignored, recogonized and gave official protection to all major languages, including Zulu, Xhosa, Afrikaan, Sesotho sa Leboa, Setswana, Sotho, Tsonga, Swati, Tshivenḓa, Ndebele. Even though English it’s not the most speaked between the citizens it still is more commonly used at official and political context.

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Started at 17th century and introduced the colonial period and Dutch as the official language despite the land’s multicultural roots and the diversity of languages of its original population. The Dutch language then evolved to Afrikaans, which is one of the newest languages in the world.

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English is an urban language of public life, widely used in the media, business and government. Out of the 4.9-million South Africans who speak English as a first language, a third (33%) are white, a quarter (24%) are black, 22% are Indian and 19% are coloured South Africans. English is widely used as a second language and common language of communication, mainly in the cities.

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There is still a political, economic and socio-cultural obstacle that seeks to prevent the implementation of the principles of multiculturalism and plurilingualism in a complete and effective way.
The author Vic WeWeeb, in “Multicultural Language Teaching”, states that “politicians seem more concerned with obtaining and retaining power and privileges than serving the interests of their people and do not seem to have the political will to radically change national thinking. Many leaders accept the myths: that multiculturalism is a barrier to national integration, that national unity is dependent on the existence of a single national language and that there is a correlation between linguistic heterogeneity and underdevelopment. ”

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The administrative division that operated under Apartheid divided school establishments for blacks, mestizos, Indians / Asians and whites.
Taking into account the years after 1994, the 1,480 establishments listed: 165 are old schools for black students (11.14% of the total); 297 are old schools for white students (20.06% of the total); 924 are old schools for mixed-race students (62.43% of the total); 5 are old schools for Asian / Indian students (0.33% of the total); 89 do not have a particular racial destination (unknown) and their opening is probably after apartheid.