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Reference 7 shows two contradicting views on the same situation. It talks about the different approaches two people are taking to solve the same problem. A comparison

Reference 8 shows us two different approaches taken by people for the same stimulus. The two methods can be converted into an algorithm outlining the different steps to solve the problem and the various solutions they reach.  There are visuals depicting the steps taken by the two people making it easy for the reader to understand them.

The data in both these sources can be represented using:
a venn diagram which highlights all the similarities and differences.
To only highlight the differences a T-chart or a ishikawa diagram (fish bone model) can be used.

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Source 7 shows social media feeds of 2 individuals who are sharing their views on the subject of aid for refugees and asylum seekers. To some extent they do vary in views and contradicts each others opinions but are using their social media presence and influence to bring about change. They use infrographs and credible websites to support their arguments.

Source 8 is a depiction of 2 individuals and their responses to an e-mail. This source is very visual and uses images for easy comprehension of information. In this source, 2 people use different approaches to an e-mail they both recieved to donate in aid of the famine.

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Source 7:
Shows 2 twitter profiles: refulegal and conflicted humanitarian.
Both profiles are using the reach of social media to raise money and campaign for refugees albeit they have different opinions. Refu-legal is asking for a 180 euro donation and the humanitarian has shared a portal for donation.
Both are using visual tools to represent statistical data, such as pictographs and pie charts.

Source 8:
Shows two people, and their approach to people asking for donation.

The first person looked at the information provided, only by the organization and decided to donate.

The second person tried to cross check the information sent by the organization with other websites, to make sure that the organization asking for donations isn't fraudulent.

Both people used their own method, or algorithm for the process of donation. However, the first person was tricked and fell into the scam. The second person didn't fall into the trap because he validated the information

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Total number of refugees in the world = 22.5 million
180 euros provides subsistence for one full month for asylum seeker(s)
30% of the world's displaced people are being hosted in Africa, followed by 26% in the Middle East and North Africa, followed by 17% in europe, 16% in the Americas and 11% in the Asia and Pacific.
Source 8 - Stages of Mathematical Testing
Hypothesis
Deriving a general rule/algorithm
Retesting
Checking for Exceptions

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Rashed's Questions on Reference 8: Fake News and Online Scams

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Rashed's Questions on Reference 8: Fake News and Online Scams

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Debatable: Should Fake news be protected under freedom of speech or should it be a punishable offense for being misleading?

Debatable: To what extent has freedom of expression on the internet, caused the proliferation of fake news?

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1) How does nudge theory lead to the generation of fake news?
2) To what extent is social media an effective platform for spreading news?
3) How does anonymity on the internet influence people to commit cyber crime?

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Source 1-

F- What is freedom of expression online?

C- How does freedom of expression impact protests?

D- To what extent is freedom of expression a bane to society?

Source 2 & 3-

F- What is the nudge theory?

C- how does the nudge theory predict human behavior?

D- To what extent does the nudge theory impact public relations?

Source 4 & 5-

F- What is crowdfunding?

C- How does crowdfunding?impact various stakeholders

D- To what extent do entrepreneurs prefer crowdfunding over seed money?

Source 6-

F- Who are refugees ?

C- How does the cost of living impact refugees in the host country?

D- To what extent does is the quality of life of a refugee inferior to the citizen of a host country?

Source 7-

F- What is social media?

C- How do social media influencers use nudge theory

D- to what extent is social an ideal platform to help raise awareness about refugees?

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en online activism and online propaganda?
What is tolerance?
Conceptual - How does activism promote civil responsibility?
How can tolerance lead to intolerance?
Debatable -  There be a limit on online activism. Think from multiple p

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Source A:
Statement of inquiry :
online activism has led innovative approaches to control the public relationship with their civic responsibilities and support change.

Factual:
1) What is online activism ?
Conceptual :
1) How has the enactment of online activism has affected/influenced teenagers ?
Debatable:
1) Should a tolerant society tolerate intolerance

Source B:

Factual:
1) What is internet censoring ?
Conceptual :
1) How has internet censoring affected the daily news sources?
Debatable:
1) To what extent will putting limits online affect internet censoring?

Source C:

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line activism?
What is internet censorship?

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Tanmay
Statement Of Inquiry - Online activism has led to innovative approaches to control the public's relationship with their civic responsibility and support change.

Factual - 1)What is a Nudge theory?
2)Factors of Nudge theory
3)What is crowd funding?
4) What  causes a person to be a refugee?
5) How can you spot fake news and real news?
Conceptual - 1)is freedom of press a part of freedom of speech
2)How does crowdfunding benefit the economy?
3) What does the UN do for refugees?
To what extend does the refugees get the same benefits as the citizens living in the country ?

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Statement of inquiry

Online activism has led to innovative approaches to control the public's relationship

with their civic responsibility and support change

Factual:
1) What is online activism?
2) What is internet censorship?
3) Who are online activists?

Conceptual:
1) How has the implementation of online activism positively influenced to support change?
2) Explain the implications of legal aid given to refugees on the economy of the country hosting the refugees? Answer with both perspectives.
3) Why is there a need for the internet to be restricted?
4) What are the effects of

Debateable:
1) To what extent is the usage of an online platform for activism effective to reach and gain support of a larger audience?
2) To what extent is it our civic responsibility to support change and engage in activism?
3) Should there be a governing body who monitors and restricts your internet activites? Discuss using examples from previous MYP studies.
4) To what extent should fake news be a punishable offense?
5) To what extent should a host conuntry prioritze supporting asylum seekers before their own citizens?
6)

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Statement of Inquiry
Online activism has led to innovative approaches to control the public's relationship with their civic responsibility and support change.

Factual:
- What is the purpose of online activism?
- What is the nudge theory and what are the different variations of it?
- What variation of the nudge theory should you use in order to convince somebody to buy something (using it as a marketing tactic).
- What is a civic responsibility?
- What are some benefits of crowdfunding?
- What are some types of legal aid?
- How does aid work? Does the donor country always expect something in return?
- Can the refugee crisis be solved through freedom of speech?
- What is the primary cause for the creation of fake news?
- Can fake news potentially benefit the public in any way?

Conceptual:
- How does legal aid affect the relationship between countries? Is it always positive?
- How does online activism help fight for global and local causes?
- Is crowdfunding beneficial to society?
- What can be achieved through crowdfunding?
- How has social media changed the way our world works? Has it also influenced political bodies such as the government or financial bodies like the economy?
- How do donations encourage crowdfunded projects?
- What can be achieved with manipulation through social media?

- What methods should we follow in order to successfully find sanctuary for the number of displaced people int the world?
- With reference to source 6, do you think that the allocation of money is enough for each category to sustain costs for a refugee?
- Justify the allocation of legal aid costs with reference to source 6.
- Should the costs for accommodation be increased with reference to source 6?
- Should education be apart of the legal aid costs in the graph?
- Compare and contrast between the costs allocated for the interpreters and the mediators.
- How does nudge theory contribute to the creation of fake news?
- How does fake news affect the public?
- Can fake news contribute to cyber-crime?
- Should it be allowed for fake news to utilize freedom of speech to get its point across?
- Can the false promotion of posts and articles be a result of misuse of freedom of speech?

Debatable:
- To what extent should free speech be used until restrictions are laid out?
- Should every country have a division which looks over and restricts our social media activities?
- Should legal aid be promoted or demoted in the context that debt could lead to bad public relations as well as global relations?
- To what extent should internet censorship be done for the public?
- To what extent can advertising utilize the nudge theory? Explain using your MYP studies.
- To what extent can censorship affect the economy and the government?
- To what extent can we improve the current state of displaced refugees?
- How much of the internet should we be able to access? Should all information found on the internet be free to us or should it be protected in safeguarded parts of the internet such as the deep web?
-  To what extent should privacy policies be taken by companies to ensure the people' lives are truly private?
- To what extent can the presence of fake news hinder the growth of an economy?
- To what extent can fake news affect political bodies like the government?
- To what extent can fake news mislead people and change their perception about current affairs?
- Do you think that the spreading of fake news could be beneficial to country? Justify using your MYP studies.
- To what extent can government propaganda affect the displaced refugees in a country?

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Factual:
- What is crowdfunding?
- Who are refugees?
- What is the nudge theory?

Conceptual:
- Explain how online advertisements influence our activity?
- Using examples from your MYP studies, explain how a new innovation can be brought into reality as a result of online activity.
- How can one be sure that the decisions they are making on the internet are well informed?

Debatable:
-Does censorship protect us from inappropriate content or does it limit our freedom of expression? Discuss from multiple perspectives
-Discuss whether all forms of online innovation have led to a positive change on a wide scale.
- Everyone should be entitled to privacy on the internet. Discuss this statement's validity?

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Factual, debatable, conceptual questions ~ Arin

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Factual, debatable, conceptual questions ~ Arin

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Statement of inquiry

Online activism has led to innovative approaches to control the public's relationship

with their civic responsibility and support change

Factual: What is online  activism?

Conceptual: How does online activism control the public's relationship?

Debatable:

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Factual:
1)What is online activism?

2)What measures are being taken by the government to regulate the access to the government?

3)In how many countries is access to the internet limited by the government?

Conceptual:
1)How does online activism help bring about a change?

2)How has the public’s relationship with the government changed over the past 20 years due to the influence of social media?

3) In what ways has tolerance on social media resulted in a negative impact on society?

4) In what ways does fake news hinder the economic development of a country

4)How can the expenses of refugees be ...... to improve their quality of life?

Debatable:
1)To what extent does online activism result in a positive change?

2)Should access to the internet be limited by a governing body?

3)To what extent has social media resulted in a positive effect on society?

4) To what extent is fake news a breach of the right to information?

5) When and to what extent should a country support an asylum seeker?

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Factual Question:
1) How much discount is offered on the Palm Hotel Bali?
2) What percent of people have complete freedom on the internet?
3) What is crowdfunding?

Conceptual Question:
1) How credible is the source world news?
2) How does framing a question influence the answer to the question?
3) How does the percentage achieved of a goal impact the magnitude of the donations?

Debatable:
1) Should a tolerant society tolerate intolerance?
2) Is complete freedom of expression a benefit or a drawback for society?
3) Is the internet the best source of gathering information? If not, which sources are better?

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Factual, Debatable, Conceptual Questions - Aryamoy 

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Factual, Debatable, Conceptual Questions - Aryamoy 

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Factual: What percentage of the internet is free to access to the public in today's world?

What is legal aid?

State the different elements of communication that need to be taken care of in a crowdfunding project.

State the total number of displaced people in the world.

Conceptual: Why is it important for governments to accept refugees?  Use any one element of nudge theory in your answer .

How can social media be used to demonstrate support for humanitarian and civic issues such as a refugee crisis? Use information from Ref. 7 to justify your answer

Why is making informed decisions on the internet important? Justify

Compare and Contrast the strategies which the two social media activists from Ref. 7 have communicated their messages.

Karl Popper was a philosopher. Explain why this might have had an impact on him when he formed the paradox of tolerance?

Debatable:

To what extent is the freedom of the internet under threat? Evaluate. Refer to the data given in Source C, Reference 1 and justify.

Is the refugee crisis a local or global issue? Justify

Is an infographic an effective method for communication for crowdfunding? Justify

How much of the internet should be free to access to the public? Justify using information in the sources above.

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FQ

- What is nudge theory?
- What are public relations?
- What is freedom of expression?
- What are social paradoxes?

CQ

- How can an individual prevent online manipulation and make informed decisions?

- What effect has the concept of crowd funding had on the digital era?

- How does nudge theory benefit businesses and exploit public's resources?

- What are the new innovative approaches to manipulate crowd online?

- How can freedom of speech conflict right ot information?
-

DQ
- To what extent does online activitsm have a positive impact on the public?
- To what extent are online champaigns and movements successful in acheiving their goal?
- To what extent can a government promote free speech before having to enforce restrictions?
- To what extent are authorities able to control public before entering a paradoxical loop?
- To what extent can freedom of speech be misused to exploit people?
- To what extent can fake news be penalised legally?
- To what extent does

people's freedom of expression

justify and protect fake news?

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S.O.I -  Online activism has led to innovative approaches to control the public's relationship with their civic responsibility and support change.
Factual-
- What is meant by civic responsibility ?

-  What percentage of the world have active internet users?

- What is an asylum system?

- What is the probability that if a person donates 180 euros,
Conceptual-
- What type of change do online activists look forward to?

-Have relationships between the public and the their civic body supported change as a result of online activism?

- How do online activists use crowdfunding to support their ideas?

- How can one infer whether an online source is fraudulent or not?

Debatable-
- What is considered as an innovative approach?

- To what extent is the nudge theory relevant in today's world?

- Does defending tolerance  require to not tolerate the intolerant?

- To what extent does gender affect a person's status as a refugee?

- To what extent are refugees classified based on merit?
----------------------------------------------------
Source 7 shows the Twitter timeline of two users. One of them is of a person who represents Refu-Legal where he is advertising his organization. The main goal is to lead people into making donations to his organization for refugees. On the other hand, the second user is a humanitarian who tends to oppose the views of the Refu-Legal representative. She says that

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Statement of Inquiry:                                Online activism has led to innovative approaches to control the public's relationship with their civic responsibility and support change.  

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Statement of Inquiry:                                Online activism has led to innovative approaches to control the public's relationship with their civic responsibility and support change.  

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Factual question: What is online activism
Conceptual:

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SOI - Online activism has led to innovative approaches to control the public's relationship with their civic responsibility and support change - Abhinav

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SOI - Online activism has led to innovative approaches to control the public's relationship with their civic responsibility and support change - Abhinav

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Factual - What is the difference between online activism and online propaganda?
What is tolerance?
What kind of news can be classified as fake news?
How many people are forcibly displaced in the world?
Conceptual - How does activism promote civil responsibility?
How can tolerance lead to intolerance?
How can fake news lead to a loss of credibility to the cause?
How can social media be used to spread awareness?
Debatable -  There be a limit on online activism. Think from multiple perspectives and justify.
Is tolerance as bad as intolerance? Discuss from multiple perspectives.
To what extent is spreading fake news harmful for the economy?
Is using twitter an efficient way of spreading reliable information?
Venn diagram, T - Organizer, fish bone diagram (ishikawa).

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Sir/ma'am,
Everyone needs a home, right? Similar so do refugees. I work for an NGO "Everybody Needs a Home" for refugees globally. Did you know approximately 65.5 million are forcibly displaced, around 22.5 million who are refugees and 10 million stateless people? The project "everybody needs a home is fundraising to support refugee camps. Till now "everybody needs a home has helped 189300 refugees resettle globally. Our target is to raise $4000. As of now, we have achieved 21% of our goal. I believe basic human rights should be met even while seeking asylum or waiting to return to their homes. Throughout refugee camps water-bound blossom. Leading to loss of key literacy and numeracy skills. At refugee camps, whole families reside without the affection and protection of a home. Donate and influence others to do the same. Help our cause.

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Of the 65.6 million displaced people around the world only 189.3 thousand have been resettled. This is only a meagre 0.28%. There are millions of people suffering in refugee camps from water borne diseases, hunger and malnourishment. We at Refu-shelter are working towards reducing this number. To do this we require your help. You can help make the lives of refugees across the world better. All you need to do is donate money. Even just $8 will go a long way to make the life of one refugee better, by providing him or her with clean drinking water. I stand here to appeal to your humanity to save the lives of millions.

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Rashed Nessar's Persuasive Speech: (30-Second Time limited)

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Rashed Nessar's Persuasive Speech: (30-Second Time limited)

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Sir I would like to take a few seconds of your time to tell you about our initiative called Refushelter.
We are a small startup trying to provide relief for the millions of refugees that have been forcibly displaced and currently have no place to call home.
Last year, the body of a 2-year-old washed ashore the beaches of Greece. He had been separated from his parents during de-boarding and in the hustle and bustle of the travelers running to get the final available plots of land to set up their tents, was left behind and didn't survive. We have made it our mission at refushelter to make sure that this disaster is never repeated. By providing shelter for more than 2.3 million homeless refugees, refushelter is capable of saving lives. all we need is that boost from you to launch our product and allow millions to not only survive but to live their lives in greater comfort.

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30 seconds of your time can change the lives of 66 million refugees. Imagine countless families scavenging for food, children dying from hunger, not reciving the basic human rights and freedom.
At Refu-Shelter we provide accommodation, mediation and legal services for the 10 million people who are stateless, 23 million who are refugees and 66 million who are forcibly displaced worldwide. With your contribution , Refu-Shelter will be one step closer to our $4000 fundraising target and the World will be two steps closer to eradicating the current plight of displaced people with your donation.

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Please provide me with a few seconds of your precious time. I would like to discourse about our initiative called Refu-Shelter. We are a crowd-funded, non profit organization consisting of scientists, doctors, lawyers and architects working towards a cause of providing displaced people with adequate shelter, education and necessary amenities. These displaced people include refugees, stateless and homeless people. Did you know that as of 2019, there are over 65 million displaced people worldwide. We as an organization require your help in order to help the displaced. In order to help, you can donate to our fundraising website. We aim to reach a goal of $4000 in the near future to invest in amenities, education and hosing of the displaced. With your help, we can give hope to these countless people. By donating to our cause, you will be ensuring that no poor soul is ever forced to sleep on the roads ever again.

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Dear sir, I would like to have your attention for a moment. I am here to talk about the pollution our India is going through. Primarily, in Delhi NCR. In recent years, pollution in Delhi has been likely to increase and it has increased to a level where it can easily harm the environment. Therefore, I would like to propose a solution to this problem. As we all know that the pollution outtake with respect to cars is a lot. It tends to produce a lot of pollution which is harmful. Cars consist of engine/motors which are likely to have an effect of releasing pollution to the air. Hence, using electric engines over these normal motor/engines run by diesel and petrol could be the best possible solution.

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Give me your 30 seconds and change the world. You are responsible for 65.6 million refugees.  But the question is why you? You haven’t donated to Refu-Shelter. At Refu-Shelter we provide accommodation, mediation and legal services for the 10 million people who are stateless, 23 million who are refugees and 66 million who are forcibly displaced worldwide. With your contribution , Refu-Shelter will be one step closer to our $4000 fundraising target and the world will be two steps closer to eradicating the current plight of displaced people.

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I would like a few seconds of your time to talk to you about an organization called refu-shelter. At refu-shelter we or goal is to put roofs over refugees so that they can live in dignity. With a mere $8 you can provide clean water for one refugee, one life, $25 can provide school resources for a class of 30 refugee and a $100's can provide building and maintenance of a shelter for one family. These numbers are fractions of what you earn, please take a moment and consider bettering a persons life.

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Hello! I will like to take a few seconds of your time. Imagine not having a home to miss. Imagine having to grow up in a refugee camp and calling it home.Imagine having memories of your childhood being at a refugee camp and not a playground with your friends.I I am from TK NGO. We are fundraising to support refugee camps around the world, and so far we have managed to raise 21% ($854) towards the cause.
We are taking donations to support refugee camps as the number of refugees are increasing globally. It is crucial that their basic living standards are met. With your donations , they will be able to meet the basic human rights such as - education, adequate living standards, etc.  Every donations is vital to meet our goal.

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Connecting Statistics and Probability with the Global Context ~ using real life examples ~ Kushaagra Date: 08-04-2019  Math class

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Connecting Statistics and Probability with the Global Context ~ using real life examples ~ Kushaagra Date: 08-04-2019  Math class

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Statistics: Calculating the GDP and Purchasing Power Parity of a country. The PPP is an indicator of how developed a country is. It shows the average amount of money each household or person has. It is calculated by taking the GDP and dividing it by the total population.

MNCs use probability to find out if their products would be sold in an area. They use surveys which are filled out by a small group of people which represents the population of the area. Then they use these statistics to find out the probability of their products being sold. This allows both the company and the area to develop further. The company because they make more money and the area because they are getting more resources to use.

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Statistics and Probability connection with Fairness and Development 

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Statistics and Probability connection with Fairness and Development 

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Connection of statistics to Fairness and Development:

Fairness and development is about equity. Equity is achieved through the correct allocation of resources. Resources are distributed fairly only if the data of the population is present and accurate. The data will only be accurate if statistics are implemented correctly. For example, a very basic statistic formula that is used is for the arithmetic mean which gives organizations like municipalities an idea of how much of a resource is to be given to individuals. Whereas, standard deviation is also used as a method by governments to see the fairness in different cities of their country. By this they have infer if the distribution varies a lot city to city or is around the same.

Connection of probability to Fairness and Development:

Probability plays an essential role in decision making. Therefore, when governments make important decisions, they refer to probabilities. Conditional probability is the key idea in such situations. To make sure that development of a country is in the right direction, governments look at situations like: if everyone is provided with a gas cylinder, what is the probability that hunger rates will reduce by more than 20%. Another way is when governments decide to which private organization, they should give their projects to. They see what is the probability that the project will be delivered on time.

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Connecting Statistics and Probability with the Global Context ~ Abhinav

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Connecting Statistics and Probability with the Global Context ~ Abhinav

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Statistics connects with the I&S concept of resource allocation. This allows governments to easily compare the percentage of distribution of various types of resources in an area. The break up of the power supply product for Gurgaon, whether produced electricity is being used, solar power, wind energy, etc.
Probability along with AP & GP help an economy in predicting certain estimations which help in the process of development. When a country builds a freeway or expressway, they estimate the number of commuters when the road will be built, as well as the year until when the expressway will be successful without any expansion.

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Connecting Statistics and Probability with the Global Context ~ using real life examples

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Connecting Statistics and Probability with the Global Context ~ using real life examples

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To develop as a country, statistics are essential. Whether it is to calculate the average birth rate in the country, or the GDP, statistics are an essential portion of allowing a country to develop. Using statistics, a country can evaluate and analyze their data, and based on this create a plan for the future that will ensure that the country develops in a sustainable fashion.
Probability can be used by private organisations. While launching a new product, or trying to sell an already existing one, probability can allow them to understand how many people will buy their product and also determine their targeted audience.

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Connecting Statistics and Probability with the Global Context ~ using real life examples ~ Rishav

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Connecting Statistics and Probability with the Global Context ~ using real life examples ~ Rishav

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Date: 08-04-2019
Math class
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Statistics is widely used by MNCs and global companies to conduct surveys, collate their information and represent them using graphical tools. Companies find the mean, mode, deviations etc. of their consumers regarding to a certain subject. They do this so that the company knows what their consumers want, so they can develop a product or service in accordance to what their consumers desire and develop their R&D department. By using statistics companies can also provide the consumers a better price and more variety providing a fair consumer experience.
----------------------------------------------------

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Let me just cut to the chase! 69 million were displaced from their homes least year alone (as per a UN Report). These people live without basic necessities, resources and facilities such as food and water. Their living standards are sub - par and are only worsening by the day. Imagine, what if that person, the person living in a wasteland is you, you and your family. What will happen then? To help refugees and ensure that they can live in decent living conditions, donate to us now. Donate to us now, and you will be giving food to several homeless children. Donate now, and you will be reuniting families once again.

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30-second persuasive speech - Kaizen NGO (ishaan & aryamoy)

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30-second persuasive speech - Kaizen NGO (ishaan & aryamoy)

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Hey, it's nice to meet you. I'll take just a few seconds of your time. 65 million people are displaced around the world. Without food. Without shelter. Without water. Dying in despair. But we're here to change that. Kaizen is a proactive NGO that is working to solve this problem, but we need your help. We have a donation target of $4000, out of which we have collected $879. We are 21% there. But every single donation is one step towards that goal. Please donate if you want to sleep tonight. Ignore to become a refugee.

Poster.jpg

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Companies may use the nudge theory to influence their audience, which will lead to their development.
Though the nudge theory can be misleading, as the ideas are presented are as such which influences the audience's choice.

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Nudge theory: To influence a person or groups answer by
Anchoring - when you change the data provided in a question to influence the opinion of a person and to change response received.

Defaulting: This is when people are provided with an option of automatic renewals. this requires less effort and results in people to choose the option.

Framing:  When you change the way a question is asked

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Ishaan G, Rishav, Aryamoy - Source 2 notes

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Ishaan G, Rishav, Aryamoy - Source 2 notes

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Video is based on influencing decisions.

Deals with the working of the brain.

States that if we want to influence a decision, we have to slightly modify the question to nudge a person in our direction.

3 methods:

1. Anchoring: modifying the given data (anchor point) to influence a person’s opinion. This is only applicable to numbers i.e. statistical data. In one sense, we can say that this technique involves manipulating data.

2. Defaulting: automatic renewals, requires less work, hence people usually find themselves on automatically renewing subscriptions. Laze is one quality of human beings which leads to productivity. Everything we have made till date is so that our work becomes easier or none. Hence, a feature which targets human laze, tends to become a strong nudge.

3. Framing: Changing the wording of a question. Certainty is what pushes people to a decision. Probabilities usually hinder decisions. Even if there was a 1% chance that all die, people would go with the first choice. Again, this is also only applicable to situational choices.

In summary, nudge techniques are used to change or manipulate people's decision. It involves techniques which may be misleading, but cannot be called l

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Re: Monthly Legal Aid Costs for Refugees ~ Rishav

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Re: Monthly Legal Aid Costs for Refugees ~ Rishav

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I think that freedom of speech should be regulated and repressed.

The internet has become an avenue for voiced out opinions to be heard, to the point where these countless opinions and ideals have become so contrasting or unnecessary that violence sparks from them. I believe the State or the country has the right to repress the Freedom of Speech, especially in cases where voiced out opinions may lead to further violence. The should be a big margin between sayings and opinions that may be detrimental at the time it is expressed. The internet, when not regulated, will be a mix of contrasts that sparks arguments, contradictory to the internet's main principle of linking people together.

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Initial budget: $7980
Final budget:
Food/Water: $780
Accomodation: $1000
Insurance: $500
Telcommunication: $100
Savings: $1000
Citizenship Application: $1000
Pocket Cash to keep: $100
Mediation: $200
Public Defendant: free
Interpreter: $3000
$300: additional facilities such as language classes and education

The justification for the same if provided below:

Initial:
Mediation: $300
Laywer cost: $4000
Food/Water: $180
Accomodation: $500
Interpreter: $3000
Investment into finding a hob - 1000
Changes to be made:
Mediation: - 100$ - does not require that much of a budget
ENTIRE distribution of a laywer can be used for something else, since the refugee can opt for a public defendant from organizations such as the UN
Where the $4000 dollars will go:
$1000 - savings, for emergencies
$100 - telecommunication budget back to their home country
$500 - setting up proper insurance
$500 more in accomodation, a proper apartmental flat
$300 - additional facilities such as learning the new language, education etc.
$600 more in food and water
$1000: investment into finding a job

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Current spending:
$180 - Food/Water
$300 - Mediation
$500 - Accommodation
$4000 - Lawyer
$3000 - Interpreter
Total: $7,980

New/Proposed Spending:
$250 - Better food and water
$800 - Better Accommodation
$300 - Mediation
$3000 - Interpreter
Rest of the money ($3630) - Citizenship applications for the refugees to the refugee country

The cost is being cut on the lawyer, who will be provided by the UN on a pro-bono basis

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The total of $7980 shall be allocated a bit differently. Nonetheless, it is vital to keep the budget for a lawyer at an amount of $4000 till the refugee is not stateless anymore. After he/she is not stateless, the expenditure on a lawyer can be reduced as required. Whereas the budget for a Interpreter must be drastically reduced. Instead of spending $3000, the alternatives must be considered. For example, it is highly probably that someone from the community speaks the language the refugee speaks and can translate it to English. Even if the same is not possible, one can have an interpreter which costs less because the interpreter is to be used only to understand what the refugee has to say and not translate communications between two nations. Therefore the budget for the same shall be no more than $900. Accommodation is a necessity as it provides shelter. It is also important to consider that if more is spent on accommodation then spending on food and water can subsequently be reduced because better accommodation allows easier access to resources.  Therefore the budget shall be increased to $1080.

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According to me there should not be any restrictions on the freedom of speech. Each and every individual has a different mindset and perspective about everything and they should have the right to present it. A country can politically function better if there is a connection between the people and the government. With the freedom of speech, people can put their perspectives forward about a particular rule in front of the government. An example of this is the Section 377 which talks about the LGBT rights of the people. The government was against this whereas there were some open minded individuals who created a movement who put their perspective about the section 377 in front of the government which in return cancelled the law and made LGBT legal in India.

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I believe the need for free speech is essential. I support it because I believe when people communicate with each other openly, they can develop a better relationship with each other, and develop as more open minded individuals. If there is a restraint of freedom of speech by the government, there will be built up anger within one, which can be psychologically damaging and not good for a person emotionally.

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freedom of speech is very essential because as said in the UDHR, everyone has the freedom of thought and freedom of expression. It's very important to communicate your ideas, to become more open minded. for example, the civil right movement , the LGBTQ community
use the word : tyranny
veracity

Source 6:

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In my opinion, freedom of speech is an important human right. I feel that nearly all ideas are capable of giving offence to someone. Though along with freedom of speech one should take responsibility of their expression.

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In my opinion, there should be no restrictions on freedom of speech, whether it is on social media, public forums, or any other such technological sphere. Though freedom of speech would result in hate speech, restraining it is pointless, as one way or the other, the outbreak of such view points is inevitable. Not allowing people to express their views shows the insecurity of a government

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In my opinion there shouldn't be any restrictions on freedom of speech. According to the UDHR, freedom of speech is one of the fundamental human rights. They allow individuals to present their opinions and views on certain issues. These opinions and views are the aspects that result in the development of communities. Freedom of speech in Nations such as Canada has resulted in the development of community. The freedom of speech in Canada in relation with LGBTQ has resulted in the creation of laws that promote LGBTQ. Due to this, Canada has now become one of the few nations in the world to permit gay marriage.Furthermore, I believe that

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I feel that there should be complete freedom of speech. My opinion is such because opinions are valuable, even if they can be offensive to some people. This is mainly because different opinions are always going to conflict with each other, and the consequences of the same has the potential to be offensive or hateful. The fact that humans have emotions and we take words to heart should not stop us from voicing ourselves. By suppressing our views, we are concealing our own identity. Furthermore, when we allow complete freedom of speech, we give ourselves the opportunity to understand why people think in a particular way. It allows us to understand all the perspectives. If we inhibit speech, be it offensive or hateful, we do not get all the possible opinions which could have some possible positive impacts on society. In conclusion, we should learn to take in opinions and understand why a person thinks in that way rather than taking offence, instead of limiting the freedom of speech.

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As the term itself suggests freedom of speech is all about freedom. So the question isn't why, but why not? If freedom of speech is infringed upon, the truth in it's purest form shall never come out. One might say that the same can be sugar coated and said in a different way but that is where the issue arises. If one alters the way in which he/she communicates, what is to be conveyed may change it's meaning all together. If freedom of speech is at ones free will then not only will people be enabled to communicate efficiently but also represent what they truly stand for. At the end of it all, facts don't and shouldn't care for feelings. Even the jurisdiction system works on the same principle.

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In my opinion, there should be absolutely no restraints in the freedom of speech anywhere. Free speech cannot be compromised, and is in fact inclusive of hate speech. Hate speech is not something that can or even should be eliminated because offense is inevitable, and indeed necessary to build psychologically robust individuals. Veracity needs to be prioritized over sensitivity. That is the one idea that is characteristic to free speech and must remain that way. A society that criminalizes any kind of speech, is, in a sense, tyrannical - because it exercises authoritarian control based on a truth that is not common to everyone. Interfering with the freedom of speech to prevent emotional distress is treating symptomatically. It won't make a difference in the long term. For the reasons mentioned above, I believe it is both socially and politically beneficial to uphold the freedom of speech without compromise.

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Source 1.D (Rishav, Krishna, Kanav, Tanmay, Dhruv) 

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Source 1.D (Rishav, Krishna, Kanav, Tanmay, Dhruv) 

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Essentially, source D is about the

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https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/14/technology/india-internet-censorship.html

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ID May 2019 Resource 1 source C Kushaagra and Arjun

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ID May 2019 Resource 1 source C Kushaagra and Arjun

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Source 1 C talks about internet access in different countries. It a provides quantitative on the percentage of the population has unrestricted, partially restricted, completely restricted and no access to the internet. It also provides quantitative data on which countries have block social media and those which have arrested people based on their social media activity.

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ID May 2019 - Arin, Krishnansh, Rashed, Sanjana

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ID May 2019 - Arin, Krishnansh, Rashed, Sanjana

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The Passing of The "Gag" law in Spain:
- The gag law: A law meant to mend the Spanish amendment by fortifying the penalties of “glorification of terrorism” and “humiliation of the victims of terrorism” and introducing limitations on protests and imposing administrative sanctions against demonstrators.
- It is intentionally too broad and too vague and with an evident purpose of targeting those expressing negative opinions against the Spanish government.
- It is hence having the political effect of shielding the government from criticism, and a social impact on the people because their freedom of expression is limited.
- e.g. case study: musicians who are publishing songs such as "This is America" are losing their audience or worse, being arrested.

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ID May 2019- Ishaan S, Neeharika, Garima, Tashvi, Ananya, and Ved

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ID May 2019- Ishaan S, Neeharika, Garima, Tashvi, Ananya, and Ved

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Reference 1 - Source C:
Case study-

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Reference 1, Source C
The source is a quantitative representation of internet freedom throughout the world. The objective of the data in the info graphic is to describe global trends in the political, social and technological spheres that shape the current state of global freedom.
Globally:
- 31% of people can use the internet freely.
- 22.7% of people can use the internet partially freely
- 34.3% of people are not free to use the internet
- 12% of people have no access to internet.

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 (Rishav, Krishna, Kanav, Tanmay, Dhruv) 

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 (Rishav, Krishna, Kanav, Tanmay, Dhruv) 

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In a nutshell, the source talks about freedom of speech on the internet. This relates directly with the global context of Fairness and Development since it is the factors like these which determine how "free" a country actually is. Freedom is a right, and it should be kept that way. Yet, factors such as political mentality and resources which can harm a countries reputation are things that severely limit the freedom aspect in a country.

One of the main reasons how the Arab Spring impacted the world was ultimately through social media. The people living in countries involved in the AS attempted to seek help from foreign countries by gathering as much media attention as possible. Soon enough, the world became aware and finally apart of solving the heinous acts committed by the AS related countries. This was one of the most revolutionizing movements in history that efficiently allowed a country to grow and develop on its own terms.

OWS (Occupy Wall Street) was a significant movement involving one of biggest left-wing protests in the history of economic revolutions. The occupy had finally ended the financial and economic inequality and led the country and the economy to a brighter future.

Social media has played a strong role in many uprisings in the past. In the ladder examples, the Arab Spring uprising was mentioned which utilized it a lot.

Social uprisings especially utilize different forms of social media to accomplish their main objective of changing society. An example of this was the Ukrainian revolution. In recent years, the country's use of Facebook rose to a whopping 61.7%.  This revolution led the country to gain more knowledge about the world and be able to globalize to their full potential. There has been a steady increase of active users ever since. The recent value being approximately 43%.

In terms of the environment and development, the use of freedom of expression on social media has led to a positively impacting enhancement of media usage in the continent. Most notably in the southern region where the use of technology shows more prominence. According to UNESCO, they were successfully able to:

"improving the enabling environment for press freedom; strengthening the safety of journalists;

strengthening the capacities of media institutions and professionals;

promoting and strengthening community media as enablers of the free flow of information for development."

In short, this allowed the country to heighten not only their social rights and responsibilities, but also properly strengthen the communities within the country, with communities outside the country.

[Source:  https://en.unesco.org/partnerships/partnering/promoting-environment-conducive-freedom-expression-and-media-development]

If someone doesn’t have access to the internet, they don’t have a personal identity on the internet. In terms of computer terms you are known as a ghost.

Due to the fact that the internet is not divided in the way it's written. The internet in fact is divided into three main parts- Surface web, The Deep Web and The Dark Web. The surface web is all the information available to the public that any search engine can provide with any query asked. The deep web is a smaller portion of the surface web as well as a complex version of itself. Websites that store hash passwords or any private information closely relates to the deep web. Finally, the dark web is an inaccessible browser to generic search engines such as Google, Yahoo etc. To access the dark web, you have to download apps which allow sensitive information to be released to the public [search engines such as TOR]. With relation to the values approximately 16% of the internet is actually accessible by the public

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ID MAY 2019 Perspective - Aryamoy, Ishaan G, Mann

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ID MAY 2019 Perspective - Aryamoy, Ishaan G, Mann

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Note: everything here is original, source originally from Aryamoy Mitra (Maths class) - everybody else is copying
Mods by Ishaan Gupta and Mann Aswal

The source above is a quantitative representation of global internet freedom. It discusses the extent of freedom in several different governments (out of a sample of 65 which were surveyed).

The source discusses how free internet users are. This is in direct relation to the freedom of speech. Furthermore, the more free a country's internet users are, the more developed the country is likely to be. All of this determines how fair a country/or region is. In order for fairness to sustain and development to take place, freedom of speech in the form of internet freedom must be empowered.

An example is the DPRK, or North Korea, wherein foreign goods and internet access are not allowed. As a result, the country is not developed and does not engage in fairness for all. People don't have the basic freedom of accessing the internet, and the same is true for some parts of China. Since internet access is not allowed, North Korea has a closed culture. Social and cultural exchange are non-existent, so the country is self-reliant. North Korea's political ties with its neighbors are also rocky, since pop culture, movies, media etc from other countries are looked upon in an evil light.

China's example entails an anti-US motive. Internet products offered by Google, for example are blocked in China because they originate in the United States.

Questions (INS)

Formulate a research question that connects the G.C to the concept discussed by Source 1.C

Sub-qs, justification, method etc.

Questions (Maths) There are several potential questions around statistics and probability that can be framed.

Examples include:
A) State the probability that an internet user is partially free

B) Find the probability that an internet user is either partially free or not free

Find the probability that a government chosen i random studied slow or cut of access to social media between 2015 and 2016

Conditional Probability: find the probability that an internet user lives in a country where messaging apps were blocked in the past given that he/she lives in a country where bloggers were jailed for sharing prohibited content

Statistical questions can also be framed, such as creating pie charts/bar graphs

Report writing questions can also be formed:
Evaluate the freedom of internet users around the world and use the data provided to do the same