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Abigail Reed, Allyson Torres, Tamia O'Banner, and Terilyn Waler

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Mountains, lakes, trees, many species of animals, and hills

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These have a variety of temperate forest dominated by trees that lose their leaves each year. They are found in areas with warm moist summers and cool winters.

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The average amount of rainfall in the forest is 30 to 60 inches a year.

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One plant that is known in the Deciduous Biome is The Magnolia Tree. The Magnolia tree adapts to its forest by having wet soils by having very superficial roots. These roots exchange oxygen at the top layer of soil and help the tree survive in a high water table. Another plant is the Fern. Fern is the most notable adaptation made in the presence of a rhizome. The rhizome, or stem, of the Licorice Fern develops in a horizontally way just beneath the soil, containing a growing tip that gives a new frond development.

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Deciduous: a tree or shrub shedding it's leaves annually
Coniferous: mostly evergreen trees and shrubs

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It is located in the eastern half of the United States, Canada, Europe, parts of Russia, China, and Japan.

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One famous animal known in the Deciduous Forest is a Eastern Chipmunk. These chipmunks uses their speed to effectively collect their food. They also uses their Cheek pouches to allow them to carry more food to their burrow. Their fur acts as camouflage in leaves and dirt on the ground and in trees.  Then there is the  Northern Copperhead. This snake have long thin bodies with angled scales on their bellies which help the snakes to grip branches. Another fact is that  have developed 'wings', enabling the snake to escape predators by gliding to another tree or the ground.

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One plant that is known in the Deciduous Biome is The Magnolia Tree. The Magnolia tree adapts to its forest by having wet soils by having very superficial roots. These roots exchange oxygen at the top layer of soil and help the tree survive in a high water table. Another plant is the Fern. Fern is the most notable adaptation made in the presence of a rhizome. The rhizome, or stem, of the Licorice Fern develops in a horizontally way just beneath the soil, containing a growing tip that gives a new frond development.

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Average Temperature: 50 degrees Fahrenheit
Summer: Mild -  70 degrees Fahrenheit
Winter: Below freezing

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The soil of deciduous forests is arranged as an "alfisol" also known as a brown forest soil. The soil is very nutrient rich. This is because of the large leaf fall during the fall seasons.

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Acid rain: damages tree leaves, produces fewer and smaller seeds, reduces resistance to disease
Deforestation/Logging: ruins soil and ruins animal's home - clearing a wide area of trees
Hunting: kills the animals that live there
Studies show that humans negatively impact the biochemical cycles in the ecosystem (nitrogen and phosphorous cycle)

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Symbiotic Relationships in Deciduous Temperate Forests

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Symbiotic Relationships in Deciduous Temperate Forests

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Parasitism: A relationship that harms one to benefit another.
Ex:
- Laetiporus sulphureus and Oak Tree: Leatiporus Sulphureus is a fungus that takes nutrients from the oak tree, thus making the tree malnourished.
- Mistletoe and Mangrove Tree: Mistletoe grows and penetrates the bark of the Mangrove which harms it.
- Oak tree hoppers and Oak trees: Tree hoppers suck the sap out of the Oak tree, making the tree devoid of nutrients.

Commensalism: A relationship where one benefits but the other is unharmed.
Ex:
- Moss and oak trees: Moss grows safely on tree bark without harming the tree.
- Raccoons and Oak trees: Raccoons live in trees foe shelter, the raccoon is benefited and the tree is unharmed.
- Insects and Trees: Insects live in trees so neither are harmed or benefited by the relationship.

Mutualism: A relationship where both members benefit.
Ex:
- Deer and Birds: Deer allow the birds to eat insects off of them. So, the bird gets a meal and the deer has it's parasites removed.
- Ants and plant thorns: Plants are protected by the plants, and the ant has food and shelter.
- Chipmunk and Oak tree: The chipmunk takes shelter in the oak tree, and the chipmunk disperses the Oak trees seeds.

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-  https://sciencestruck.com/examples-of-symbiotic-relationships-in-deciduous-forest
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https://temperateforesthannahcanady.weebly.com/symbiotic-relationships.html
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https://www.messiah.edu/Oakes/fungi_on_wood/poroid%20fungi/species%20pages/Laetiporus%20sulphureus.htm
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https://www.twenty20.com/photos/01233e3a-81c6-406e-a40f-4733eaaf8c48
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