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Declaration of Independence - July 4, 1776

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Declaration of Independence - July 4, 1776

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At the Second Continental Congress meeting in Philadelphia, representatives from all 13 colonies came together to sign the Thomas Jefferson-written Declaration of Independence. This document explained to Britain why the colonies waged war and why they recognize themselves as their own 13 sovereign states no longer under British rule.

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Boston Tea Party - December 16, 1773 *TURNING POINT/POINT OF NO RETURN*

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Boston Tea Party - December 16, 1773 *TURNING POINT/POINT OF NO RETURN*

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After the Townshend Acts were repealed in 1770, Parliament retained a small tax on tea as a symbol of their right to tax the colonies, and this would be known as the Tea Act. This tax would be famously protested by a group of Bostonians at Boston Harbor, as the men disguised themselves as Native Americans. The group dumped 342 chests of tea into the harbor off of three British East India Company ships.

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In Boston, many colonists resented the British troops who had been quartered in their city to protect the custom officials from the “Sons of Liberty” attacks. On this day in 1770, a crowd of colonists began to harass British guards near a customs house, throwing snowballs, when guards began to fire into the crowd, killing 5.

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The British government placed new duties on colonial imports of tea, glass, paper, paint, and lead to pay crown officials in the colonies. The acts suspended N.Y’s assembly due to the colonies’ defiance of the Quartering Act and it allowed British officials to search private colonial homes for smuggled goods without a judge’s warrant.

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After the Stamp Act was met with mass resistance and was repealed, Parliament enacted the Declaratory Act. This act asserted that Parliament had the right to tax and make laws for the colonies “in all cases whatsoever.”

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After the war, many British troops in the colonies didn’t have a home, as a result, Parliament imposes rule in the colonies in which colonists were expected to quarter and provide food for British troops.

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Parliament places direct tax (affecting everyone) on most printed paper, including legal documents, newspapers, and pamphlets.

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Parliament passes a tax that places duties on foreign sugar and miscellaneous luxuries, applying this tax to colonial merchants. This tax was meant to raise money for the crown and its companion law of juryless vice-admiralty courts was used to stop smuggling.

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After acquiring France's land from the war but suffering heavy financial damage, Britain issued a proclamation prohibiting colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains.

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Treaty of Paris 1763 - February 10, 1763 

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Treaty of Paris 1763 - February 10, 1763 

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The Treaty of Paris ended the French & Indian War. This was a British victory, but at a cost, the war financially drained Britain and made the mother country place heavier taxes on and station more troops in the colonies for protection.