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Georgina Willis- Northwest Coast- Way of Lif

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Georgina Willis- Northwest Coast- Way of Lif

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Culture:
In Northwest Coast culture, their customs, beliefs, and history were passed down orally through stories, songs, and dances.
They had stories about why certain things occurred, for example, the changes in season.The people of the Northwest believed that they were surrounded, at all times, by supernatural beings interfering with the natural world.

Society:
All the people lived near the water, either the Pacific Ocean or an inland river or lake, and relied heavily on water for their survival.
Salmon was the single most important food the Northwest Coast peoples, and the rivers were full of them.They also took advantage of the expanse of forest in the area and used cedar trees to make everything from their houses and canoes, to their blankets and clothing.

Political structure:
Men also did all the building (longhouses) and carving (canoes, totem poles).
Women stayed near the home, doing work on land.
The women were responsible for all of the chores related to keeping the home: they cleaned, cooked, and looked after the children.
Women dug for clams and shellfish, and collected berries from nearby forests.
The women also pounded and softened cedar bark for weaving and making clothes.

Trade:
Before making a deal, a trade meeting between clans was set up, where they would negotiate a price.
The value of the trade goods was always measured in terms of 'blankets'.

Economy:
Northwest Coast economy focused on producing large volumes of storable foods.

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Cedar was used in the construction of the northwest coast houses. The big houses were extremely large and lasted for years. The long houses was supported with cedar poles that were carved with images that are important to the clan.

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Karen Kim-NorthWest Coast-Map of Residency

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Karen Kim-NorthWest Coast-Map of Residency

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In the Northwest Coast, a different variety of food was rarely available due to the environment surrounding them. Since there wasn't a lot of food, they people would have to travel to different places during different times of the year. This was called "seasonal round." Seasonal rounds is most commonly used in the lower mainland British Columbia. British Columbia was one of the richest places for animal and plant life in the entire coast. Food included salmon, shellfish, mussels, clam, and oysters, birds, early ripening plants and berries like salmonberries and huckleberries. In late autumn potatoes were also collected. Different foods were collected in different season. In Spring, food supplies were usually low, in the winter there would be different types of seafood. In the Summer, they ate plants, berries, and salmon. In the Fall they would have salmon and potatoes.

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Mackenzie Turner - Northwest Coast - Art

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Mackenzie Turner - Northwest Coast - Art

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The people of the North Coast created the totem poles, they have been curved from the single trunks of western red cedars. Many of these trees could reach a height of 30 metres. Totem poles were used by each clan to tell the story of its origins and deeds. Each clan reckoned descent from a mythical common ancestor, which was represented by a stylized animal or bird, and each clan had the right to use specific images on their totem poles.

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By: Mackenzie, Kristin, Karen, Julia & Georgina