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10. Give a detailed summary of two Cold War Events.

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10. Give a detailed summary of two Cold War Events.

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The Space Race
- The Soviet Union was the first country ever to launch a man made object into space by launching the satellite Sputnik. The Americans followed later but always came second in everything, including sending people to space. Until finally, the Americans sent the first man on the moon and ended the Space Race. It benefited both countries in adding to research, education and technologies.

Cuban Missile Crisis
- The Soviet Union had nuclear missiles stored in Cuba and threatened the U.S. by doing so. The U.S. demanded for them to be removed. The Soviet Union agreed to do so if they promised to not invade Cuba and remove the missiles that they had stored in Turkey as well. This gained a sense of distrust and had them pointing missiles at each other until the Cold War ended.

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9. Explain the positive and negative effects of a U.S. action during the Cold War

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9. Explain the positive and negative effects of a U.S. action during the Cold War

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- Arms Race
Positives:
- Gained more and more weapons, security and support for both countries

Negatives:
- In a constant race with each other for power
- Have guns pointed at each other and will destroy if attacked or threatened at all.

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a. Glasnost
- Soviet policy of open discussion of political and social issues
b. Perestroika
- A political movement for reformation within the Communist Party of the Soviet Union during the 1980s, widely associated with Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev and his glasnost policy reform.
c. Mikhail Gorbachev
- Last leader of the Soviet Union before it officially collapsed.
- Made multiple political, economic, social and foreign policy changes, which was an attempt to bring the old society back, ultimately brought it to its collapse
- 15 independent countries emerged from it

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7. When did East and West Germany finally reunify? 

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7. When did East and West Germany finally reunify? 

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a. What event led to the reunification?
- East and West Germany finally united again after 45 years when the Berlin Wall was taken down.

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6. Nixon's contributions to the Cold War

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6. Nixon's contributions to the Cold War

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a. What is detente?
-the easing of hostility or strained relations, especially between countries.
b. What is Ping-Pong Diplomacy?
- The exchange between ping-pong players of the U.S. and Republic of China, which eventually lead to Nixon visiting China.

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a. Vietnam
-The North Vietnamese government and Viet Cong were fighting to reunite Vietnam, initially fighting the French, then the U.S. and South Vietnam.
-The U.S. joined because they saw that if Vietnam fell to communism so will many other countries.
b. Korea
-North Korea invaded South Korea, which was supported by the U.S, to fight back and forth between the Chinese and North Korea and North Korea and the U.S.
- No one won and did not change at all

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a. How did it affect the Soviet Union and America?
-Made them rivals in a global competition until finally reaching an agreement and peace.
-Improved technology, research and education for both countries.
b. Who won the Space Race?
-Once the Americans successfully had landed on the moon, they "won" the Space Race, even though the Soviet's had their early lead with Sputnik but failed multiple times to launch a lunar craft.
c. What events were important during the Space Race?
- The Sputnik satellite launch
- The Explorer 1 satellite launch
- Launch of Vostok 1 (carried the first man in space)
- Launch of Mercury-Redstone 3 (carried first American in space)
-Apollo 11 moon landing

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a. Iron Curtain
-National barrier separating the Soviet bloc and the West bloc before the fall of communism.
b. What did Stalin say about free elections after WWII?
-Stalin told everyone that he would agree to having free elections but broke his promise and installed governements dominanted by the Soviet's.
c. Warsaw Pact
-A treaty made and signed by the Soviet Union and seven other Soviet satellite countries in response to NATO.

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a. NATO
-North Atlantic Treaty Organization
-Created in 1949 by the United States, Canada, and several Western European nations to provide collective security against the Soviet Union.
b. Truman Doctrine
- Created by U.S. President, Harry Truman in 1947. Send aid to countries threatened by Communist  rule
c. Marshall Plan
-Introduced and named after Secretary of State, George Marshall. Sent aid to Western European countries devastated by WWII.
d. Cuban Missile Crisis
-The U.S. confronts the Soviet Union on having missiles armed and stored in Cuba
e. Containment
-A military strategy used by the U.S. to stop the expansion of communism.

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a. What happened?
-The conference discussed how Germany was going to be divided up between, the U.S, Russia, Great Britain and France. It also discussed the creation of the United Nations.

b. Who attended?
-British Prime Minister, Winston Churchill
-Soviet Premier, Joseph Stalin
-U.S. President, Franklin D. Roosevelt