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Q6 Is there a correlation with vitamin D deficiency and amount of melanin in skin?

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Q6 Is there a correlation with vitamin D deficiency and amount of melanin in skin?

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Yes, there is. The less melanin you have in your skin, the harder it is for you to obtain vitamin D. You have to be in the sunlight more often than darker pigmented people. The darker you are, the more melanin you're producing and the more protection you have on your skin.
https://edpuzzle.com/assignments/57caf2a9f117dc6634fbef22/watch - melanin explanation

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Melanocytes, found in the stratum basale area of adipose connective tissue in the hypodermis, synthesize melanin which provide overall skin pigment.
Sources: In-class notes
http://pharmaxchange.info/press/2011/03/the-ageing-skin-part-1-structure-of-skin-and-introduction/

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From Superficial to deep:
1. Stratum Corneum - contains horny layers, dead skin
2. Stratum lucidum - Found only in thick layers of skin such as the soles of the feet and palms.
3. Stratum Granulosum - Extra protective layer
4. Stratum Spinosum - Has the most layers; Location of keratinocytes
5. Stratum basale - Actively form new miotic  stem cells; as cells age they become part of superficial layers.
Source: In-class notes

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Gracie Pittman: Q4
Evan Setley: Q1 & Q2
Anna Paylian: Q5 & Q6
Daniela La Flamme: Q3

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Skin cells contain a molecule that converts to Vitamin D when it comes in contain with the sun's rays. Then, the vitamin goes into your bloodstream, liver and kidneys. This is where the molecule becomes activated Calcitriol. The calcitriol produced is then circulated to all the bones in the body.
Works Cited: https://edpuzzle.com/assignments/57caf2a9f117dc6634fbef22/watch

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There is a correlation between skin cancer and the amount of melanin in the skin.The less melanin there is the higher the risk for skin cancer will be.
"Risk Factors for Skin Cancer." Skin Cancer in America. The National Council on Skin Cancer Prevention, 08 Sept. 2016. Web. 08 Sept. 2016.

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Q5 What are the benefits of Vitamin D? What happens if you are vitamin D deficient?

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Q5 What are the benefits of Vitamin D? What happens if you are vitamin D deficient?

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Vitamin D promotes healthy  bones and helps absorb calcium. Vitamin D helps prevent serious diseases such as cancer and diabetes. When you are vitamin deficient, your body is impacted negatively. You will have an increased blood pressure and you will also feel bone pain and muscle weakness. Vitamin D deficiency also causes depression.
http://www.webmd.com/diet/guide/vitamin-d-deficiency#1
http://www.webmd.com/food-recipes/features/vitamin-d-vital-role-in-your-health#1

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Melanin functions differentiate between people who live closer to the equator and those who live nearer to the poles. Because of the intense UV rays that are more prominent by the equator the melanin in the people living there turns the skin darker to act as a the body's own personal form of sunscreen to protect the skin. For the pole pole who live near the poles don't receive as much sunlight as those that live near the equator. These people do not get as much vitamin D because of the low amount of sunlight, so the melanin in their skin is lighter so that when the sun is there it can soak up as much vitamin D as it possible can.

Source: Podkomorski notes and video
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:World_map_with_equator.jpg