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The USS Maine, an American battleship, mysteriously exploded in Havana Harbor, Cuba. This event became a catalyst for the Spanish-American War, with many Americans blaming Spain for the incident. The cry 'Remember the Maine!' became a rallying call for war.

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The United States officially declared war on Spain, beginning the Spanish-American War. This conflict would dramatically change the fate of several Spanish colonies, including Puerto Rico.

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July 25, 1898: U.S. Invasion of Puerto Rico

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July 25, 1898: U.S. Invasion of Puerto Rico

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American troops led by General Nelson Miles landed at Guánica, Puerto Rico, beginning the American campaign to capture the island from Spanish control.

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Spain ceded Puerto Rico to the United States as part of the Treaty of Paris, ending the Spanish-American War. This marked the beginning of American colonial rule over Puerto Rico.

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Political cartoons of the era depicted President McKinley serving 'new land' to Uncle Sam, highlighting American imperialism. These territories, including Puerto Rico, were seen as prizes of war rather than equal partners.

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The Foraker Act established a civilian government in Puerto Rico under U.S. control, but maintained significant limitations on Puerto Rican political rights and autonomy.

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The Jones Act granted U.S. citizenship to Puerto Ricans, but with significant limitations. While Puerto Ricans could now serve in the U.S. military, they could not vote in presidential elections or have voting representation in Congress.

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Puerto Rican revolutionaries highlighted the economic exploitation of their island, noting that of the $400 million generated from Puerto Rico's resources, only $50 million remained on the island, with most profits going to American corporations.

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Operation Bootstrap was launched to industrialize Puerto Rico, but this program largely benefited U.S. corporations while many Puerto Ricans continued to face economic hardship.

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Hurricane Maria devastated Puerto Rico, highlighting the ongoing challenges in the U.S.-Puerto Rico relationship. The Jones Act complicated relief efforts by restricting shipping to the island.

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Discussions continue about Puerto Rico's political status, with options including statehood, independence, or maintaining the current commonwealth status. The island's relationship with the mainland U.S. remains a complex and contested issue.