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2. Definition : An area damaged by scraping or wearing away against a rough surface. The top layer of skin wears away, exposing numerous blood capillaries and increasing the probability for infection.
3. Initial care provided : All wounds should be treated as though they are contaminated and all open wounds should be cared for immediately. To minimize the chances of infection, the wound should be cleaned with copious amounts of soap and water or sterile solution. A sterile dressing should be applied to keep fresh wounds clean (occlusive dressings provide a good air-tight and water-tight barrier over the wound.
4. Post care needed : Use saline solution for repeatedly cleaning the wound and use antibacterial ointments to limit surface bacterial growth.

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2. Definition : A deep cut or tear in skin that occurs when a blunt force is delivered over a sharp bone or a bone that is poorly padded, giving a wound the appearance of a jagged-edge cavity. This may also result in a skin avulsion.
3. Initial care provided : Use pressure and gauze/some type of covering to stop the bleeding. Then, clean the area to remove all dirt and debris; run cool water over the area and use mild soap and water if possible. Dry with a sterile cloth.
4. Post care needed : Use mild soap and water to clean the area twice a day. Hydrogen peroxide, iodine-based solutions, or alcohol can slow healing, so don't use these. Use a thin layer of antibiotic ointment (bacitracin or neosporin) to cover the wound. Some lacerations need to be referred to a physician or doctor immediately. If you get stitches, "keep the area clean and dry for the first 24 to 48 hours after stitches have been placed. Then, you can start to gently wash around the site 1 to 2 times daily. Wash with cool water and soap."

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2. Definition : A surgical cut made in skin that leaves a wound with smooth edges.
3. Initial care provided : Keep the incision dry, especially during the first 24 hours after your surgery. Take a sponge bath instead of showering or bathing. On the second day after your surgery, it is usually okay to wash the incision.

4. Post care needed : Gently wash the wound with soap and water (do not soak, scrub, or use alcohol, hydrogen peroxide, or iodine. These can harm the tissue surrounding the wound and make the healing process longer). Either air-dry the wound or pat it dry and then re-apply a dressing/covering.

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2. Definition : Wound made by a pointed object, appears on the surface but may also penetrate into deeper layers. Can also easily occur during physical activities and can be fatal; direct penetration of tissues can introduce the tetanus bacillus into the bloodstream, possibly making the athlete a victim of lockjaw.
3. Initial care provided : All severe lacerations and puncture wounds should be referred immediately to a physician.  Determine if anything has been severely injured by the puncture: ligaments, nerves, tissues, tendons, blood vessels, bones, internal organs, joints, etc. Apply direct pressure to the injured area and stop the bleeding with a clean towel, gauze, or cloth. Wash the wound once it has stopped bleeding with clean, cool water and mild soap. Lastly, to reduce the chance of bacterial or tetanus infection, apply an antibiotic ointment and determine whether or not you need a tetanus shot.

4. Post care needed : Apply antibiotic cream/ointment, rewash, re-apply ointment, and change the bandage/dressing for the first two days after seeing a doctor. Keep the wound dry for the first 24-48 hours, and after your doctor says it's okay, shower and gently wash the wound; pat the wound dry and do not soak. Continue to see a doctor if a rash forms or the area feels/looks infected.

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2. Definition : Skin is torn from the body and associated with major bleeding. It "is a deep break to the skin, tearing it away from the underlying tissue."
3. Initial care provided : Immediate medical attention is usually needed in the case of a skin avulsion. The avulsed tissue should be placed on moist gauze, preferably saturated with saline solution. It should be taken along with the athlete to the hospital for reattachment. "Treatment may include skin grafts or reattaching the skin."
4. Post care needed : Follow the doctor's instructions on keeping the wound clean and watching for signs of infection. Elevating the wounded area will help reduce pain and swelling; keep the wound covered, clean, dry, and protected from infection; change the dressing on your wound often; once you are able to clean the wound, do not scrub and wash it gently to avoid damaging any stitches or sutures.

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- Guidelines instituted by OSHA that were developed to protect the health care provider and the patient against bloodborne pathogens. These guidelines should be followed by anyone who comes into contact with blood or other bodily fluids.
- All open wounds should be covered with a dressing that does not allow for the transmission of bacteria, use occlusive dressings for a lesser chance of cross-contamination.
- Athletes should be removed from the activity whenever bleeding occurs so that the wound can be treated properly.
- Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) should be used whenever health care personnel come into contact with bodily fluids or there is a potential for bloodborne pathogens. These include disposable non-latex gloves, gowns or aprons, masks, shields, eye protection, and disposable mouthpieces for resuscitation devices.
- First Aid kits should also have proper protection equipment.
- Thoroughly wash hands immediately after coming into contact with blood or other bodily fluids.
- It is recommended that athletes shower with soap and warm water after participating in an athletic event.

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Signs of an infected wound include:
- pus or a cloudy fluid is draining from the wound
- pimple
- soft scab or the scab has increased in size
- red area around the wound
- red streaks (ones heading in the direction of the heart are especially dangerous)
- pain
- swelling
- fever and chills
- increased pain or bleeding from the wound
- discoloration
- foul smell
- warm around the injured area
- delayed healing
- tender around injury
- nausea