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On January 30, 1933, Adolf Hitler was made the chancellor of Germany by the German President Paul von Hindenburg. Hitler was the leader of the Nazi Party. It is important to know that Hitler did not seize power in a coup, and he was not directly elected into power. To get him elected, the Nazi Party and Hitler himself made many promises to the German people that they didn't end up fulfilling.

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March 22, 1933: The First Concentration Camp Was Established

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March 22, 1933: The First Concentration Camp Was Established

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On March 22, 1933, the first concentration camp in Germany was established by the SS (Schutzstaffel).

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April 25, 1933: A Law Limits Jews in Public Schools

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April 25, 1933: A Law Limits Jews in Public Schools

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On April 25, 1933, Hitler and the Nazis passed an antisemitic law that limited Jewish people in public schools. This was one of Hitler's first policies against Jews. After he was elected as chancellor in January 1933, every level of government started following his laws and policies.

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On May 10, 1933, university students across Germany burned thousands of books that they thought were "not German". This was what they did to try and follow Nazi ideas while maintaining German culture.

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August 02, 1934: President von Hindenburg dies

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August 02, 1934: President von Hindenburg dies

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On August 02, 1934, German President Paul von Hindenburg died. Hitler became the new president with the help of Germany's armed forces. He was now the chancellor and the president which made him the supreme dictator of Germany. No one and nothing could object to this.

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September 15, 1935: The Nuremberg Race Laws were passed

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September 15, 1935: The Nuremberg Race Laws were passed

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On September 15, 1934 the German Parliament (Reichstag) passed the Nuremberg Race Laws. These laws established a lot of the racial theories underpinning Nazi ideology.

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August 01, 1936: The Olympic Games Open in Berlin

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August 01, 1936: The Olympic Games Open in Berlin

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On August 01, 1936, the Olympic Games opened in Berlin, Germany. Hitler planned to show the Nazi Propaganda through the Olympics. German officials tried to show Germany as a respectable member of the international community. They removed all of their anti-Jewish things, and Hitler managed to accomplish his goal.

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July 15, 1937: Buchenwald Concentration Camp Opens 

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July 15, 1937: Buchenwald Concentration Camp Opens 

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On July 15, 1937, the SS authorities opened the Buchenwald Concentration Camp. This camp became one of the largest concentration camps that was established in Germany. Most of the early inmates at Buchenwald were political prisoners, but after Kristallnacht German SS and police sent almost 10,000 Jews to Buchenwald to be treated badly and most of them died.

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November 08, 1937: Antisemitic Exhibition Opens in Munich

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November 08, 1937: Antisemitic Exhibition Opens in Munich

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On November 08, 1937, and antisemitic exhibition opened in Munich, Germany. Joseph Goebbels and Julius Streicher opened this exhibition.

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May 29, 1938: Hungary Makes Anti-Jewish Laws

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May 29, 1938: Hungary Makes Anti-Jewish Laws

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On May 29, 1938, Hungary made anti-Jewish Laws. These racial laws were passed by Hungary from 1938 and 1941, and were based on Germany’s Nuremberg Race Laws. The laws made sure that Jews no longer had the equal citizenship they were given in 1867.

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October 05, 1938: German Jews' Passports Declared Invalid

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October 05, 1938: German Jews' Passports Declared Invalid

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On October 05, 1938, German Jews' passports were declared invalid. The German government made Jews identify themselves separately from the rest of the population. This was permanent. In a law in August 1938, people of a "non-Jewish" origin had to add another name to their names. All German Jews were required to wear a special card or identification badge.

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On November 09, 1938, Nazi Party Officials and members of the SA did violent actions against Jews. They burned synagogues, ruined Jewish cemeteries, and looted Jewish homes and businesses. These events became known as Kristallnacht or the "Night of Broken Glass." Almost 100 Jewish people in Germany died that night. This was the point where Jews in Germany realized there was no future for them there.

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On January 30, 1939, Hitler gave the Reichstag Speech. In this speech Hitler told Germany that the outbreak of war would mean the end of European Jewry. When the Nazis and Hitler had to justify the murder of Jews, the Nazis used racial arguments and arguments acquired from older negative stereotypes.

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September 01, 1939: Germany Invades Poland

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September 01, 1939: Germany Invades Poland

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On September 01, 1939, Germany invaded Poland. This initiated World War II in Europe. Great Britain and France, being allies with Poland, declared war on Germany on September 3, 1939.

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May 20, 1940: Auschwitz Concentration Camp Is Established

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May 20, 1940: Auschwitz Concentration Camp Is Established

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On May 20, 1940, the Auschwitz Concentration Camp was established in Germany. This camp was the largest of its kind in Germany. It actually consisted of three camps, and one of them was made a killing center.

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November 25, 1940: Explosion of the SS Patria

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November 25, 1940: Explosion of the SS Patria

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On November 25, 1940, the SS Patria, a French-built ocean liner, exploded. 267 people died in this disaster, and 127 people were injured. 1,800 Jewish refugees were on this ship.

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March 03, 1941: Krakow Ghetto Established

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March 03, 1941: Krakow Ghetto Established

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Starting on March 03, 1941, German authorities announced and sealed a ghetto in Krakow, Poland. Between 15,000-20,000 Jews were forced into living in the boundaries of this ghetto. A Jewish resistance movement took place in this ghetto. The group focused on operations supporting education and welfare organizations.

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On June 22, 1941, Nazi Germany invaded the Soviet Union in Operation Barbarossa. The German army and its SS officials, called Einsatzgruppen, entered the country from many different locations, allowing a full attack. RSHA chief Heydrich had told the Einsatzgruppen commanders to kill Jews, Soviet Union leaders and officials, and anyone else who would stand in Germany's way of taking over the eastern countries.

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August 20, 1941: Drancy Camp Is Established

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August 20, 1941: Drancy Camp Is Established

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On August 20, 1941 in Drancy, France, German authorities established a transit camp for Jews. After the Jews were sent to the Drancy Camp, the SS would eventually take them to Auschwitz-Birkenau and the Sobibor killing center.

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On September 19, 1941, about three months after the first German attack, German forces took over Kyiv, the capital city of Soviet Ukraine. Before the war, about 160,000 Jews lived in this city.

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December 07, 1941: Attack on Pearl Harbor

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December 07, 1941: Attack on Pearl Harbor

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On December 07, 1941, Japan launched an attack on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. Pearl Harbor was a large naval base, so attacking it was very unfortunate for the United States. In response to Japan's attack, the U.S. declared war on Japan, and that was how the U.S. got involved in World War II. The U.S. also declared war on Germany since Germany had declared war on the U.S. before.

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On January 20, 1942, Reinhard Heydrich, chief of the Reich Security Main Office (RSHA), brought together the Wannsee Conference in Berlin. In this conference, he presented plans on how to coordinate a "Final Solution of Jewish Question" for all of Europe. Nazi and German state officials were at this conference. The "Final Solution" was code for the complete destruction of the European Jews.

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May 27, 1942: Assassination of Reinhard Heydrich

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May 27, 1942: Assassination of Reinhard Heydrich

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On May 27, 1942, Czech Agents assassinated SS general Reinhard Heydrich. Since he was chief of the RSHA, Acting Reich Protector of German-occupied Bohemia and Moravia, and a terrorist to local citizens, he was assassinated.