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Cultural background and traditions

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Work with social workers from organizations like IRC and Inspiritus.

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Many families live in isolation from the communities where they work.

Parents and children may be separated.

Typically, these families have the lowest levels of educational attainment.

High dropout rates

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food scarcity and the effects on learning

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Each refugee community is different, even if they come from the same country. Once we establish a relationship with a school, we must delve deeper to target that school's specific population(s)

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Migrants may have had a different curriculum and might need flexibility - can't just be integrated into current learning

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Introducing too many concepts or things at once can be harmful. For example, teacher instructing, then EL teacher doing something different, interventionist then working on something different with them.

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Scaffolding for language acquisition that continues to support the home language.

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AI helping with pronunciation etc would be a great way to build in language learning into other topics as well

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If AI is well integrated into the classroom, that tech may not be available at home

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We are not counselors, or therapists, but we can encourage teachers to create units that will honor each student's experience. We can encourage them to refrain from using content that is triggering for many students.

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Systems for understanding needs and connecting families and students with school-based, and community-based supports.

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Attachment Theory = Regulation Theory (Allan Schore) insecurity: attachment to family members is part of how we ‘co-regulate’ our nervous systems. When these attachments are disrupted, the nervous system can go into a hypo-aroused state (slumping over, giving up) or hyper-aroused (agitated, aggressive).. strategies to help with nervous system regulation and training for teachers to be aware of how students behavior is affected by this would be helpful

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Literal translations of text may have different meanings and sometimes there aren’t words that transfer over in every language

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Students should be able to easily request help or a check-in of sorts. It doesn't have to be an appt. system, but just a safe way to communicate that help is needed.

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Understanding their triggers and avoiding them.

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Scaffolding instruction through multiple representations of concepts is important.

There are differences between conversational and academic language, so everyday fluency doesn't always translate to success academically.

Tap into existing background knowledge increases comprehension, so consider cultural differences to do that.

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AI may have a difficult time deterministically picking up on and properly flagging serious concerns - along with unclear legality regarding what AI should be required to do

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Building trust is key...they need to feel safe and build trust with teacher and peers.

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Language is formed through associative networks and joint attention. Using nonverbal, multi sensory tools can help create connections between words that are unfamiliar with what IS familiar (a pencil, the sky, etc.. are known to the body, even if the words are not recognized )

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Homework across several categories for ELL students can be very difficult and discouraging.

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Students in poverty tend to have other responsibilities outside of school that affect their ability to focus/learn like lack of sleep because of having to watch siblings or work jobs.

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Ensuring the platform can run well on devices that families have and that schools understand the need that all students must have a device that works well.

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This applies to all groups, but low income students really need to have joy at the center of their learning. They're programmed to just survive! We must foster an environment of fun.

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Avoid phrases such as "have a great weekend!" - their happiest place may be at school. Instead, say "I'll see you on Monday!"

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Eliminate success barriers that must come from home, i.e., extensive homework, tapping into family networks, having parents sign off on tasks/papers

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Trauma can cause a disruption in cognitive ability so it’s important to chunk and provide students with smaller skills they can build upon. It also causes issues with being able to problem solve and make decisions between multiple options.

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Consideration for cultural sensitivities and taboo topics among migrant groups. I personally struggled with feelings of exclusion and not being able to relate to many topics/conversations in the classroom due to cultural/religious differences.

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Provide consistency

Increase opportunities for student efficacy and autonomy.

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Trauma is not only about events but about the neural, behavioral and social resources of a person. Training on how trauma and adverse experiences, including complex trauma, affect human behaviors (including voice and facial expression) is helpful for teachers to better identify what’s happening and to reflect on how they are responding or taking things personally when it’s about dysregulation due to trauma

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Don't assume everyone understands or has had even the simplest of experiences. Ensure that students understand first - this also goes back to place-based learning and really involving the students in their community so they have the opportunity to explore and learn