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Description: Admitted Missouri as a slave-holding state, admitted Maine as a free state, and prohibited slavery in the rest of the Louisiana Territory north of latitude 36 30'

Historical Significance: Preserved sectional balance for 30+ years, Americans were torn by feelings of either sectionalism or nationalism.

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Description: President Monroe declared a U.S. policy toward Europe and Latin America, further declaring that the U.S. opposed any attempts by European powers to interfere in the affairs within the Western Hemisphere.

Historical Significance: Applauled by Americans, invoked nationalistic feelings in the U.S., European monarchs reacted angrily to the U.S.' message.

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Description: Put into law by President Andrew Jackson, authorized President Jackson to grant lands that were west of Mississippi in exchange for Native American lands.

Historical Significance: The resettlement of many Native Americans and westward settlement led to many hardships (The Trail of Tears). By 1835, a majority of eastern tribes had compiled and moved westward.

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Description: California was admitted as a free state (Union), divided the remainder of the Mexican Cession (Utah and New Mexico), and banned the slave trade in the District of Columbia.

Historical Significance: The political debates that followed further solidified Northerners' drive to save the Union from succession, and some aspects of the compromise, such as the Fugitive State Law, became sources of controversy.

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Description: One of the most influential books of its time, a novel that described the conflict between an enslaved man and a slave owner. Slave owners were presented as inhuman.

Historical Significance: Encouraged northerners and Europeans to regard all slave owners are cruel and inhuman. Slavery was seen as malicious.

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Description: Fighting broke out between proslavery and antislavery groups in Kansas as antislavery settlers refused to recognize the government in Kansas and created their own legislature.

Historical Significance: In 1856, pro-slavery forces attacked the town of Lawrence, killing 2 and destroying homes/businesses. In total, 55 people had died during the conflicts.

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Description: An enslaved man, Dred Scott, sued for his freedom in Missouri in 1846 as he had been a resident on the free soil before going to Wisconsin (and then back to Missouri).

Historical Significance: The case had reached the Supreme Court and it had been decided that Scott had no right to sue in a federal court. Southerners were happy with the results of this ruling, while Northerners were enraged by the mistreatment.

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Description: Abraham Lincoln was elected president of the U.S., a former member of the Illinois legislature, a moderate who was against the EXPANSION of slavery, and challenged the Dred Scott Case in the Freeport Doctrine.

Historical Significance: Lincoln delivered a "house-divided" speech that won him fame, creating slavery to be seen as a moral issue.

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Description: A war between the Union and the Confederacy as many Southerners sought succession from the rest of the nation. The war was mostly fought over the moral issue of slavery. The Union defeated the Confederates.

Historical Significance: Union victory solidified the power of the United States Federal Government. This war also resulted in the freeing of 4 million enslaved African Americans.

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Description: President Lincoln warned the states (still) in rebellion against the United States Federal Government that enslaved people in those states would be freed.

Historical Significance: In reality, the proclamation only freed about 1% of enslaved people in the United States; however, it did add weight to the Confiscation Acts.

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Description: 4 months after the Battle of Gettysburg, Lincoln addressed that Americans should honor those who fell in the war and continue the war until it was won.

Historical Significance: Principles of human equality were introduced, and the important preservation of the Union was created by the founding fathers in 1776. Displayed gratitude to the men who died during the conflict of the Battle of Gettysburg and also motivated those to continue to fight until the war had been won.

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Description: President Andrew Johnson attempted to carry out Lincoln's plan of political reconstruction of the former states of the Confederacy. These acts outlined the conditions for the southern states to be admitted to the Union.

Historical Significance: A majority of the acts were written by Republicans and Congress had reasserted its power after the Civil War.

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Description: The United States purchased Alaska from Russia for $7.2 million

Historical Significance: Ended Russia's presence in North America and the United States acquired more territory

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Description: Alexander Graham Bell patented the first telephone design in the United States

Historical Significance: Communications around the world were able to expand and connect, and people could stay connected despite being far apart

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Description: A bomb went off near the Haymarket Square in Chicago, took place during labor workers' strikes

Historical Significance: The links between immigrants, laborers, and anarchists became common thoughts among Americans

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Description: Allowed the President to break up tribal lands and distribute the lands to individuals

Historical Significance: Only Native Americans who were in support/accepted the alloments were allowed to become U.S. citizens.

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Description: Pullman refused to meet with his workers with the requests for higher wages and better working conditions so laborers went on strike, which became a widespread railroad strike,

Historical Significance: The federal government had used an injunction to end the conflict, demonstrated the power of the laborer union/movement.

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Description: The Supreme Court case that upheld the constitutionality of “separate, but equal facilities” based on individuals' races.

Historical Significance: Segregation laws were not seen as unconstitutional as long as African-Americans had the 'same' facilities as Whites but in reality, the African-Americans were given poorer conditions and public spaces than that granted to the Whites.

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Description: Americans supported Filipinos and Cubans against Spanish rule, and the explosion of the battleship U.S.S. Maine ignited the war as the United States had believed it had been done PURPOSELY by Spain despite the nation denying accusations.

Historical Significance: Ended Spanish colonial rule in the Americas and the United States gained land in Latin America

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Description: The U.S. annexed the Hawaii islands in 1898

Historical Significance: Conflict and the struggle for control of the Hawaii government between Hawaii natives and American businessmen was established, extended territory in the Pacific under U.S. control

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Description: Anarchist Leon Czolgosz shot President McKinley in Buffalo, New York.

Historical Significance: Vice President Theodore Roosevelt assumed the presidency

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Description: The U.S. was interested in building a faster way to move ships between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, pushed by President Theodore Roosevelt

Historical Significance: The construction improved trade and military advantage and increased U.S. influence in the region

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Description: Roosevelt was awarded a Nobel Peace Prize for his influence in helping establish peace and put an end to the Russo-Japanese War in 1905

Historical Significance: Roosevelt was the first American to ever win a Nobel Peace Prize