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Memory, emotion, and intersubjectivity: Beyond the information given, and beyond the individual mind.

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This commentary reflects on papers assembled for a special issue about the impact of Bruner’s idea of “beyond the information given.” The assembled papers are examined in relation to three cross-cutting issues that they illustrate: 1) processes of reflection in autobiographical recollection; 2) links between meaning and emotion; and 3) the idea of going beyond the individual mind as well as beyond the given information. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

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Behavioral Theory: Vocabulary Acquisition  

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Behavioral Theory: Vocabulary Acquisition  

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Behavioral Theory: Vocabulary Acquisition  

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Watson was the father of behaviorism. His now-revered lectures on the subject defined behaviorism as a natural science that takes the whole field of human adjustment as its own. It is the business of behaviorist psychology to predict and control human activity. The field has as its aim to be able, given the stimulus, to predict the response, or seeing the reaction, to know the stimulus that produced it. Watson argued that psychology is as good as its observations: what the organism does or says in the general environment.

Watson identified "laws" of learning, including frequency and recency. Kimble makes it perfectly clear that Watson's behaviorism, while deeply indebted to Ivan Pavlov, went beyond the Russian master in his treatment of cognition, language, and emotion. It becomes clear that Behaviorism is anything but the reductionist caricature it is often made out to be in the critical literature. For that reason alone, the work merits a wide reading.

Behaviorism, as was typical of the psychology of the time, offered a wide array of applications all of which can be said to fall on the enlightened side of the ledger. At a time of mixed messages, Watson argued against child beating and abuse, for patterns of enlightened techniques of factory management, and for curing the sick and isolating the small cadre of criminals not subject to correction. And anticipating Thomas Szasz, he argued against a doctrine of strictly mental diseases, and for a close scrutiny of behavioral illness and disturbances. Kimble's brilliant introduction to Watson ends with a challenge to subjectivism to provide evidence that Watson's behaviorism cannot explain human actions without introspective notions of the mind. This genuine classic of social science hi our century remains relevant not just for the conduct of psychological research, but for studies in the philosophy of science and the sociology of knowledge.

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Watson was the father of behaviorism. His now-revered lectures on the subject defined behaviorism as a natural science that takes the whole field of human adjustment as its own. It is the business of behaviorist psychology to predict and control human activity.

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Web Theory Research and Readings Project 24

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Web Theory Research and Readings Project 24

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Web Theory Research and Readings Project 24

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The Surprising Truth about How We Learn and Why it Happens By Benedict Carey

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The Surprising Truth about How We Learn and Why it Happens By Benedict Carey