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Collateral consequences are things people who have a criminal record experience when they try to reintegrate back into society. Unlike the fines or probation that might be a direct consequence of a criminal conviction, collateral consequences are typically legal sanctions or restrictions people face in society after their release from prison. They are usually socially and economically restrictive which makes life outside of prison so much more difficult. Depending on the criminal conviction, the amount and harshness of the collateral consequences may be different. An example would be the increased difficulty of getting a job after prison because companies or businesses don’t want to hire someone with a criminal record. Some consequences may disqualify a person from gaining certain professional licenses like a barber’s license, while others may prevent a child from living with a relative with a criminal conviction. Collateral consequences can also negatively affect immigration, housing or property rights, adoptions, welfare, mobility, professional licensure, and many other aspects of daily life. As a result, those affected by these collateral consequences find themselves back in prison because they feel that crime is the only way they can support themselves. Collateral consequences also disproportionately affect minority and economically disadvantaged groups. Men with criminal convictions take home 40% less annual pay which, for someone who is already struggling financially, can be devastating. There are not enough resources and the social stigma is so great that the recidivism rates just keep on growing.

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1. https://www.ojp.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/251583.pdf

2. https://money.cnn.com/2015/10/30/news/economy/former-inmates-unemployed/

3. https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/analysis-opinion/collateral-consequences-and-enduring-nature-punishment

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Collateral consequences are legal sanctions attached to a criminal conviction that restrict, usually social and economic, benefits that are available to other Americans.