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Lincoln won the Electoral College with less than than 40% popular vote across the nation. He also did not carry one slave state. He was the first republican to win.

Lincoln stood on a political platform as to which he opposed the expansion of slavery. He refused to accept any resolution that would result in southern secession. This enraged the south because they feared Lincoln would abolish slavery.

“Abraham Lincoln.” The White House, The United States Government, 15 Jan. 2021, https://www.whitehouse.gov/about-the-white-house/presidents/abraham-lincoln/.

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Dec 20, 1860: South Carolina Secedes from the Union

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Dec 20, 1860: South Carolina Secedes from the Union

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In 1860, South Carolina was the first state to secede from the Union. Abraham Lincoln becoming president enraged SC and they decided to secede.

This event was important in causing the Civil War because South Carolina was the state that started the secession and led an example for the other states that followed. If SC did not secede then there would have been no conflict between the confederacy and union.

U.S. Department of the Interior. (2021, March 30). South Carolina secession (U.S. National Park Service). National Parks Service. Retrieved May 11, 2022, from https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/south-carolina-secession.htm#:~:text=South%20Carolina%20became%20the%20first,disunion%20across%20the%20slaveholding%20South.

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July 21, 1861: Battle of Bull Run (William Prince County, Virginia)

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July 21, 1861: Battle of Bull Run (William Prince County, Virginia)

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A large Union army was halted by a much smaller force commanded by General 'Stonewall' Jackson. The Unionist troops then fled back to Washington in panic. It was now clear to both sides that they need to strengthen their armies to secure a decisive victory.

This event was impactful during the Civil War because it made it clear to both the confederate and union that they needed to strengthen their armies after all the casualties. This was a confederate victory

Bull Run. American Battlefield Trust. (n.d.). Retrieved May 11, 2022, from https://www.battlefields.org/learn/civil-war/battles/bull-run

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Aug 28-30, 1862: Battle of Second Bull Run (William Prince County, Virginia)

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Aug 28-30, 1862: Battle of Second Bull Run (William Prince County, Virginia)

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The Union forces of General John Pope led an attack that was halted by Stonewall Jackson. He then counterattacked when reinforced by General Lee and General Longstreet. The unionist army retreated all the way back to Washington and the way was clear for Confederate invasion of the North.

This battle, resulting in a victory for the confederates, gave them more confidence, and led to the creation of Northern/Union territory campaigns.

Ferguson, Amanda. “Take Online Courses. Earn College Credit. Research Schools, Degrees & Careers.” Study.com | Take Online Courses. Earn College Credit. Research Schools, Degrees & Careers, Daniel Vermilya, 28 Oct. 2021, https://study.com/learn/lesson/second-battle-of-bull-run.html#:~:text=The%20Second%20Battle%20of%20Bull%20Run%20was%20a%20significant%20battle,begin%20Northern%2FUnion%20territory%20campaigns.

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Sep 16-18, 1862: Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg)

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Sep 16-18, 1862: Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg)

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General Robert E. Lee invaded the northern territories by heading across the Potomac river. However, the larger army of McClellan forced him to retreat back to Virginia.

Resulting in a Union victory, this battle gave Abraham Lincoln a platform to put the Proclamation from a position of strength. This prevented the European powers from intervening since they were allies of the southern confederacy.

Webquest

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Jan 1, 1863: The Emancipation Proclamation

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Jan 1, 1863: The Emancipation Proclamation

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This was a document that declared all the slaves that were held in union states were now free.

This changed the aim of the war from saving the union to being a fight for human freedom. Because slaves were free, it gave the North a reason to keep fighting and win the civil war.

Webquest

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July 1-3, 1863: Battle of Gettysburg (Gettysburg)

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July 1-3, 1863: Battle of Gettysburg (Gettysburg)

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General Meade defeats the forces of Robert E. Lee in the bloodiest single battle of the entire war. This war had the most casualties, and was considered the war's turning point.

Robert E. Lee tried to push the north and end the war for good, which failed. This victory gave the union an advantage. This battle put the scale and cost of war into the picture. It proved that winning the war would be resource heavy.

- “Battle History.” Gettysburg PA, https://www.gettysburgpa.gov/history/slideshows/battle-history#:~:text=T%20he%20Battle%20of%20Gettysburg,as%20the%20war's%20turning%20point.
-Bate, Antara. “Why Was the Battle of Gettysburg So Significant?” History Hit, History Hit, 2 July 2021, https://www.historyhit.com/why-was-the-battle-of-gettysburg-so-significant/.

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May 18-July 4, 1863: Battle of Vicksburg (Warren County, Mississippi)

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May 18-July 4, 1863: Battle of Vicksburg (Warren County, Mississippi)

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Union General Ulysses S. Grant gains control of the Mississippi river, dividing the confederacy in 2. This battle resulted in a Union victory. The confederates surrendered to the Union just a day after Gettysburg, which sparked pride in the North.

Like the battle of Gettysburg, this war helped by giving the union hope and confidence. After this battle, the Union had secured the entire Mississippi River.

“Vicksburg.” American Battlefield Trust, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/civil-war/battles/vicksburg.

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Nov-Dec, 1864: General Sherman's March to the Sea (Atlanta to Savannah, Georgia)

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Nov-Dec, 1864: General Sherman's March to the Sea (Atlanta to Savannah, Georgia)

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General Sherman pushed from the south across Georgia, capturing the state capital of Atlanta and leaving a path of destruction in their wake. The point was to frighten Georgia’s population into abandoning the confederate side. This resulted in a Union victory.

This battle hurt the confederate army, and killed the confederate morale. Sherman’s soldiers stole food and livestock, and burned barns and homes of those who fought back.

Editors, History.com. “Sherman's March to the Sea.” History.com, A&E Television Networks, 22 Feb. 2010, https://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/shermans-march#:~:text=The%20purpose%20of%20Sherman's%20March,who%20tried%20to%20fight%20back.

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April 9, 1865: Battle of Appomattox Courthouse (Virginia)

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April 9, 1865: Battle of Appomattox Courthouse (Virginia)

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General Grant surrounded the forces on General Lee, who surrendered. This brought the civil war to close.

This battle was the conclusion of the Civil War. Union troops were not allowed to celebrate much. The north and south reunified.

Webquest